Historical Antecedent
the City of Uruk
great wonder not only because it is considered to be the first true city in the world
Aristotle
proved the importance of critical observation and systematic means to identify and classify organisms.
Thales of Miletus
Father of Philosophy, taught that nature was composed of or convertible into water.
Hippocrates
Father of modern medicine; "Father of Greek Medicine"
Hippocrates
First to regard medicine as a science apart from religion.
Empedocles
440 B.C. - Greek who stated that all matter was composed of 4 elements: earth, air, fire, & water
Hieroglyphics
An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds
Hippocrates
He taught that diseases have natural causes and that somehow the human body is capable of healing or repairing itself.
Ziggurats
Mountain of god, served as the sacred place of their chief god
Greece
archipelago in the Southeastern part of Europe. Known as the birthplace of western philosophy.
Potter's wheel
Wheeled vehicle made of solid wooden wheels on axles now regarded as the greatest mechanical invention of all time.
Cuneiform
a set of word pictures depicted in symbols made of triangular marks
Babylonia
ancient region bordering the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (Southern Iraq)
Anaxagoras
argued that matter was composed of countless tiny particles, each made of dominant substances such as water mixed with other random substances.
waterclock
conical earthen vessel with hours equally marked off on the inside and spout at the bottom.
Archimedes
discovered the concept of gravity
Imhotep
first 365-day calendar; step pyramid
Archimedes
invented the science of hydrostatics- measurement and use of water-power.
Egypt
located in the Northeastern part of the African continent, a desert country thriving on an agricultural economy.
Archimedes
made planetarium powered by water to demonstrate the movements of the sun and planets around the stationary earth.
Galen
made the first steps for the advancement of the science of anatomy.
Materia Medica
made up of assorted botanical, zoological and mineralogical ingredients
Code of Ur-Nammu
oldest surviving law in the world. It is the earliest existing legal text
Nebuchadnezzar
ordered the construction of the famous "Hanging Gardens of Babylon" and the Isthar Gate.
Thales,Phythagoras,Euclid
perfected geometry, as a single logical system.
Archimedes
performed experiments which led him to discover the laws of lever and the pulley.
Zodiacal map of Sumer
used for practical mathematical and observational purposes.
Sexagesimal
using the number 60 as base, system of counting and a form of place notation.
Watermills
were also considered as one of the most important contributions of the Greek civilization to the world. They were commonly used in agricultural processes like milling of grains which was a necessary form of food processing.
Ptolemy
wrote the Almagest, wherein he presented his ideas and summarized those of the earlier Greek astronomers about the universe. -postulated the geocentric theory of the universe.