Lacks Test

a second sample of cells taken from henrietta survived in culture just like the first despite her body being contaminated with toxins normally removed in urine

false

according to laure aurealian, george gey never actually met henrietta lacks

false

cervical cancer cells normally grow from erythrocyte cells

false

george gey was diagnosed with liver cancer

false

george gey's cancer cells were cultured to become the GeGe cell line

false

henrietta's cells are useful for the study of viruses because they reproduced slow enough to watch the process in real time

false

henrietta's name became public knowledge after her family sued hopkins for taking her cells without them knowing

false

hopkins built his hospital to serve the poor, but never intended for blacks and other minorities to receive free services

false

somatic cell fusion happens when one cell eats and digests another one

false

stanley gartler discovered there was no contamination of henrietta's cells in any of the 18 most commonly used cell cultures

false

the hela cells mary cultured all died

false

the lackses trusted the doctors at Hopkins

false

the pap smear did not improve the survival rate of women diagnosed with cancer

false

the term informed consent first appeared in court documents in 1989

false

the tuskegee institute became involved in the mass production of HeLa cells to use in the syphillis study

false

what info about her mother was deborah unwilling to share with skloot?

Her medical records. It took her so long to get courage to get them and wants to protect them. They're purest evidence of what happened

in baltimore county, when is henrietta lacks day?

february 1

according to sadie, describe henrietta's decline.

her body or looks didn't fade and you could see she was sick in her eyes. she didn't say that she became bitter

why did henrietta end up being raised by her grandfather?

her father took her there after her mother died in childbirth

how did deb discover the truth about Keenan Kester cofield

hopkins medical records staff contacted richard kidwell, one of hopkins's attourneys

who was used for test subjects for southam's experiments?

people with cancer, prisoners, people with lukemia. not people with polio

what did henrietta's cells allow scientists to do for the first time?

perform experiments that would have been impossible with a living human

how was gartler able to link contamination of cell lines to henrietta's cells

the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-a

it was first and incorrectly reported that the HeLa cell line came from Helen Lane and the cells were cultured after she had died

true

jones realized that henrietta had been misdiagnsosed on her type of cancer when he reviewed her medical recoreds

true

neutralization test is used to determine a vaccine's efficacy by mixing blood serum from newly vaccinated children's with live polio virus and cells in culture

true

scientists fused human and animal cells to study what genes do and how they work

true

sonny lacks believed his mother's cells will be used to help others because she was always taking care of others when she was alive

true

the american type culture collection was created to create pure, uncontaminated cell cultures

true

the first time rebecca spoke with day he told her to let his old lady cells talk to her and leave him alone

true

the pap smear allows for detection of precancerous cells

true

viruses reproduce by injecting bits of their genetic material into a living cell and reprogram it to produce the virus

true

in outer space, henrietta's cells grew more powerful an divided faster

true

What reason does Deborah give for not wanting Skloot to type out Henrietta's records word-for-word?

"Everybody in the world got her cells, only thing we got of our mother is just them records and her Bible. ... I want people in our family to be the only ones who have all them records."

how are different types of cancer cells categorized?

based on the type of cells they start from

who were the common ancestors of the white and black lackses?

benjamin lacks, albert lacks

what made day change his mind and allow the autopsy to occur?

doctors told him it would possibly help his kids

what stage of cancer was henrietta's when she received her biopsy results?

1

what advice did pattillo give skloot about dealing with deborah?

don't be aggressive, do be compassionate, don't be clinical, don't talk down to her

how old was henrietta when she had her first child with day?

14

how old was lawrence when henrietta died

16

clover's population in 1998 was what?

198

how was cootie related to henrietta?

1st cousin

what percentage of women initially diagnosed with carcinoma in situ later developed invasive carcinoma?

62 percent

Explain the significance of the gift that Skloot delivered to Deborah at their first meeting?

A FISH chromosome picture of her mom's chromsomes made by a young Hopkins researcher, Christoph Lengauer, who felt bad. It shows that though he might not have been directly involved, he felt sorry for the family.

what did cofield do when he realized that the lacks family had blocked his access to their family records?

Filed a lawsuit against D, L, Courney Speed, HeLa health history museum foundation, Hopkins: president, medical records admin, archivist, Richard kidwell, grover hutchins. Acused D, S, and the foundation for breach of contract for not letting him access the docs anymore. Deb can't legally prohibit him from doing research for HeLa museum bc he'snot a member of its board of directors or officially involved with the foundation in any way. Claimed he was harassed by negro security of JH and staff at the archinves. *they had no right to any info about HeLa bc she was born Loretta Pleasant.

How are Gladys and Gary related to Deborah?

GLADYS: aunt GARY: cousin

how does HPV cause cervical cancer?

HPV inserts its DNA into the DNA of the host cell, where it produces proteins that lead to cancer. They also found that when they blocked the HPV DNA, cervical cancer cells stopped being cancerous. These discoveries would help lead to an HPV vaccine and eventually earn zur Hausen a Nobel Prize

What important misunderstanding about HeLa does Lengauer clarify for Deborah?

He clears up a few, and I don't know which ones are most important. All the cells are cancerous The difference between DNA and cell She can't inherit the cancer

Explain how Davon's heroic actions saved Deborah's life.

He slapped her face when she was fading in and out of consciousness on the way out of church

What is Gary's spiritual explanation for why Henrietta's cells lived on after her death?

It's her spiritual body referenced throughout the Bible

How did Deborah's death change the lives of her brothers?

Lawrence was $6000 in debt because of the funeral. Sonny saved up to buy a tombstone. Z stopped drinking, spends time with his family, and is positive. They don't focus on suing JH, but they still think they should get a cut of the HeLa profits.

explain the contribution that HeLa has made to research on the HIV virus and the AIDS epidemic

Molecular biologist Richard Axel infected HeLA cells with HIV. this llowed scientists to understand what was required for HIV to infect a cell, an important step to understanding and stopping the viruses

What can you infer about Elsie's treatment based on the description Skloot gives of the photograph of her?

No one took care of her or worried about her appearance (hair) Abused (eyes bruised and swollen) Sick (nose nasty)

What causes the confrontation between Deborah and Skloot?

Skloot suggests photocopying Henrietta's medial records

How does Deborah respond after Gary's prayer?

Thank you cousin I feel so light!

What is the lacks position on suing over the use of HeLa?

They don't want to impede the progress of science by stopping the research

what does zack believe about his birth?

Thinks it was a miracle; thinks she waited to go to the doctor till after she was born bc she wanted him. God didn't let him catch the tumors

Why did Deborah and Skloot travel to Crownsville?

To get Elsie's medical records. How did she die?

why did franklin salisbury jr. contact deb

Wanted to hold the National Foundation for Cancer Research's 2001 conference in Henrietta's honor. Wanted her to speak and accept a plaque

Why did Deborah decide to go back to school?

Wants to understand science so she wouldn't be scared

what motivated Pattillo to organize the HeLa cancer control symposium

When he learne d about Henrietta as a postdoctoral fellow in gey's lab, he felt immediately connected to her and wanted to honor her contributions to sciencce

what is a basic rule about biology with regards to cells?

a normal cell can only divide a finite number of times before dying

what was the biggest problem of cell cultures?

bacteria and other microorganisms could contaminate the cultures

what did henrietta's doctor first assume the source of the lump of henrietta's cervix was?

a syphilis sore

what std did henrietta contract while receiving radiation treatments?

acute gonorrhea

why did deborah choose not to request a copy of her mother's medical records?

afraid of what she might find or how it might affect her

what obstacle almsot kept deb from going to see her mom's cells?

alfred got arrested for robbing at gunpoint

the lawsuit that set a legal precedent for patenting biological products such as the cell lines was

ananda mohan chakrabarty

why wasn't skloot excited about meeting zack?

angriest and looking for revenge

Why were the hospital records from the 1950s and earlier disposed of?

asbestos

when was henrietta born?

august 1st 1920

an immortal cell line is capable of doing what?

constantly replenishing, continuously dividing to originate from one cell, never dying. not prolonging the life of a human

how does skloot finance the research for the book?

credit cards and student loans

how did deborah react after reading about her mom's death?

cried, didn't sleep, pictured her mom, angry, wondered who gave records to the reporter

why did doctors stop giving henrietta blood transfusions

deficit at the blood bank

according to State Attourney General Louis Lefkowitz, what do people have an inalienable right to?

determine what shall be done with his or her own body

how did rogers discover henrietta's real name?

from walter nelson-rees

what is informed consent?

full disclosure of facts regarding procedures

how did bobette find out about HeLa

gardenia's brother in law

who developed the pap smear/

george papanicolauo

what specific things did deborah ask skloot to promise she would do?

get her name right, 5 kids, what happened to mom and sisters, learn good and bad about her brothers

what was the purpose of the nuremberg code?

govern all human experimentation worldwide

what does cootie think about the reason the HeLa cells were used to develop a polio vaccine?

he had polio and henrietta wanted to take care of him when she was alive, but couldn't

what motivated rogers to find the lacks family?

he thought the contamination problem would make a good story

what supports the assertion that gey never personally profited from the development of HeLa?

he turned down a request to create and run the first commercial cell-culture lab. he lived in a modest home he purchased from a friend for one dollar down payment and fixed it up throughout the years

what specifically did the jewish doctors at the jewish chronic disease hospital object to southam's cancer study?

he wanted it done without consent, they knew of what the Nazis had done to jewish prisoners, and they knew about the nuremberg trials. they did not want to work with the scientists at tuskegee instead

what was cootie's real name?

hector henry

who was lillian?

henrietta's youngest sister

how was day related to henrietta?

husband and first cousin

what was chester southam concerned that henrietta's cells might do?

infect the people working with them

what does howard jones' findings about henrietta's medical records suggest about her cancer?

it had grown at a terrifying rate

what did henrietta's doctor need to ask for permission from her family to remove tissue sample after death

it was illegal to do so without consent on a corpse

what did howard jones note about henrietta's lump?

it was purple and shiny like jello. it was unlike any other he'd seen. it blend at the slightest touch.

why did david lacks take henrietta to the public wards at Hopkins instead of a closer hospital?

it was the only major hospital for miles that treated black patients

what is associated with the town of clover?

it's across the tracks from lacks town, it's on the banks of the river of death, it's just past difficult creek. it's not on in northern virginia

which of henrietta's kids did ethel beat most

joe

which is not an effect of radium? killing bacteria, causing mutations that lead to cancer, destroying any cell it encounters, burning off skin in high doses

killing bacteria

how did henrietta tell margaret and sadie she was feeling towards the end of her radiation treatments?

like the blackness was spreading inside of her

what was henrietta's birth name?

loretta pleasant

as henrietta's cancer progressed, tumors could be found where?

lungs, diaphragm, bladder. not brain

what was henrietta's final request?

make sure her children were taken care of?

who discovered radium and its ability to kill cancer cells?

marie and pierre curie

what does zack blame on henrietta's cells?

meanness. thinks it was ethel

Give three descriptors to demonstrate why it would be easy to believe the Marvel super villain, Hela, Goddess of Death, was based on Henrietta Lacks.

mixed race, part dead part living, immune to aging

What obstacle kept Deborah from realizing her dream of returning to school?

money

how long did henrietta wait between first telling her girlfriends that "something didnt feel right" and going to the doctor?

more than a year

what crime did joe commit?

murder

how did prison change joe?

muslim and less angry

when did george gey die?

november 8 1970

when did henrietta die?

october 4 1951

why are HeLa cells able to live beyond the hayflick limit?

only cells that have been transformed by a virus or a genetic mutation had the potential to become immortal. telomerase constantly rewound the ticking clock at the end of henrietta's chromosomes so they never grew old and never died. it was this immortality, and the strength with which her cells grew, that made it possible for HeLa to take over o many other culures. They simply outlived and outgrew any other cells they encountered.

what did lillian convert to?

puerto rican

what did deborah do to cheetah because he was abusive?

push him down stairs, cut him in the chest with a knife, leave him. she didn't kill him

how was invasive carcinoma treated?

radium

where was henrietta born?

roanoke, VA

how did bobette respond to deborah's pregnancy?

she cried

what does pattillo tell skloot about elsei lacks?

she died at age 15 and had epilepsy

what did jones find interesting about henrietta's medical history?

she had a term baby and 6-week check-up at the hospital but there was no mention of any abnormality of the cervix

Give two reasons you can tell that Elsie's photograph and autopsy are deeply troubling to Deborah?

she stares at it all night occasionally says sad things about her observations

what did mary, gey's assistant, realize when she saw henrietta's painted toenails

she was a real person

what happened when the family started to bury henrietta?

sky turned black, metal roof from the barn flew across the gate, and her cousin was thrown from his house and killed when it landed on top of him in the storm. there wasn't an earthquake

according to henrietta's cousin cliff, what is beautiful about the idea of slaveowning white lackses being buried under their black kin?

spending eternity in the same place

where does cootie think henrietta's cancer could have come from?

spirit-made, voodoo, man-made. not having multiple STDs

explain the hayflick limit

the number of times cells can divide. he published a paper in 1961 showing that normal cells reach their limit when they're divided about 50 times

what did cootie say as henrietta's body passed by

sweet jesus, let the poor woman rest. she's had enough

where did gey send henrietta's cells?

texas, amsterdam, and india. not tuskegee

After witnessing the amount o physical and emotional anguish that Deborah is in, Gary begins to preach and lay hands on Deborah. a. What burdens does he ask to be lifted from Deborah? b. Where does he ask the burden to be placed?

the cells' burden (the stress they cause) Rebecca

Why was Deborah unable to attend the National Foundation for Cancer Research's Henrietta Lacks conference in New York?

the terror attacks on 9/11/01

what unique qualities did henrietta's cells have that allowed it to contaminate cultures without researchers being aware?

they could float on dust particles, they could travel through the ventilation system, they could travel on unwashed hands and testubes

what are characteristics of henrietta's cells that made them ideal for use in the polio vaccine?

they don't need a glass surface to grow on, they are more susceptible to the virus than any cell ever cultured before, and they lack anchorage dependency. they did not lack a nucleus

henrietta's cells are like normal cells how?

they produce proteins, they communicate with one another, and they are susceptible to infections. they don't obey checkpoints

henrietta's doctor failed to tell her that cancer treatments would leave her infertile

true

henry harris and john watkins discovered internal signals that regulated genes of cells in 1965 by using cell fusion

true

what is true of the supreme court of California's decision regarding the moore lawsuit?

tissues left in a doctor's office or lab is abandoned as waste and researchers should disclose financial interest in patient tissues though no law requires it. it was NOT moore's duty to dispose of his waste or it became the property of the hospital or lab

why did Ted Slavin start essential biologicals

to allow people with valuable blood to profit from the research done

how did doctors justify using patients in public hospital wards as medical research subjects without obtaining their consent or offering them financial compensation?

to compensate for being treated for free

why did zack decide to participate in research studies at hopkins?

to get a place to stay and money

why did researchers want DNA samples from henrietta's family

to test for genetic markers to positively identify HeLa cells

why did the lacks family think the doctors were taking their blood?

to test for the cancer gene

cervical carcinomas are either invasive or noninvasive

true

dr telinde believed carcinoma in situ was an early stage of invasive carcinoma

true

what was the official cause of henrietta's death?

uremia

where does skloot realize she needs to go after watching the bbc documentary?

visit henrietta's cousins in clover

what is benevolent deception?

when doctors withhold fundamental info from their parents

Why do you think Deborah tells Skloot that she "just witnessed a miracle?"

zack was polite and thankful