Large Animal Final

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Porcine parvovirus

For which of the following diseases are mummification and stillbirth the only indications that a herd is infected?

Foot and mouth disease

For which of the following viral diseases is a vaccine not available?

1/4 inch, 5 to 8 weeks

Hooves grow an average of _________ per month and must be trimmed every __________ to prevent overgrowth.

Nuchal ligament

The "triangle" of the lateral cervical area is bordered dorsally by the

Male goats tend to urinate less frequently during breeding season.

Which of the following statements about urine collection is not true?

The large milk veins are inappropriate for venipuncture.

Which of the following statements about venipuncture in cattle is true?

"Spider lamb syndrome" is contracted by consumption of infective oocytes in cat feces.

Which of the following statements is not true?

Sheep and goats rarely give birth to freemartins.

Which of the following statements is true?

Retained testicles do not produce sperm, but do produce testosterone.

Which of the following statements regarding cryptorchidism is true?

A euthanized animal can be sent for rendering without concern over chemical residues.

Which of the following statements regarding the euthanasia of cattle is not true?

Emasculatome

Which of the following types of castration is bloodless and involves crushing the spermatic cord through the skin without making an incision?

13 mg/kg

When performing a nerve block, a local anesthetic is used. The toxic dose of local anesthetics in horses is

Signs of iatrogenic pneumothorax include elevated respiratory rate, dyspnea, and cyanosis

When performing a thoracocentesis

As little as one drop of fluid is required when collecting samples into a serum tube.

When performing abdominocentesis

Direct the needle either cranially or caudally

When performing venipuncture on the jugular vein in cattle

The insertion site should be as far "upstream" as possible

When placing an intravenous catheter

Dorsal, left, caudal, right

When placing lateral radiographs of a horse's leg on the view box, the _______ aspect would be toward the ________, and the ________ aspect would toward the __________.

Anticholinergics are not routinely used

When preparing the patient for general anesthesia

It is the most common reproductive surgery performed on female horses.

With regard to Caslick surgery

IV fluids are given at 10 mL/kg/hr for the first hour, then reduced to 5 mL/kg/hr

With regard to blood pressure during general anesthesia

To remove smegma from the urethral fossa

Sheath cleaning is performed

To examine the upper respiratory tract

The most common use of endoscopy in equines is

283 days

What is the average gestation period for cattle?

An animal collapses

A cattle chute that features the ability to open an entire side is advantageous when

Seedy toe

A condition of the hoof wall, often occurring secondary to laminitis, that causes a hollowed-out space containing a mealy substance on the palmar surface of the hoof describes which disease?

Should be crimped during removal

A nasogastric tube used for medication administration

Selecting the lowest possible mA, kVp, and time to achieve the best image

ALARA means

Increased bowel movements

All of the following are clinical signs of colic except

Feed ample amounts of grain and energy-dense supplements

All of the following are ways to prevent colic except

The endotracheal tube is removed after the cuff has been deflated.

All of the following statements about anesthetic maintenance and recovery are true except

The risk of tetanus following castration with an emasculatome is greater than with an elastrator.

All of the following statements about castration in sheep and goats are true except

Abortion occurs in the first 2 to 3 weeks of gestation.

All of the following statements about chlamydophilosis are true except

Because of the costs associated with injection site lesions, the trend is to avoid IM injections into the hindlegs.

All of the following statements about intramuscular injections in cattle are true except

They cannot be surgically removed

All of the following statements about melanomas are true except

Hooves on cattle stop growing after 2 to 3 years, depending on breed.

All of the following statements are true except

Tuberculosis testing involves an ID injection into the lateral cervical or flank area.

All of the following statements are true except

Angus

Among beef cattle breeds, purebred ___________ cattle are black and polled.

Lidocaine

Because it is less expensive and least toxic, which of the following local anesthetics is used most commonly in farm animals?

May cause increased frequency of urination for 1 to 2 days

Catheterization of the urinary bladder

Increase either the kVp or mAs

If a radiograph is too light

12 hours, 0 hours

If a standing surgery is performed on an elective vs. emergency basis, withhold grain for _______ and water for _________.

Procaine penicillin G

In horses, ___________ never should be given by intravenous injection

Is used for surgical procedures <1 hour

Induction with injectable drugs followed by maintenance with injectable drugs

Black disease

Infestation with the parasite Fasciola hepatica predisposes flocks to which of the following diseases?

Treatment and repair of traumatic injuries

Most standing surgeries in the horse are performed for

Have the potential to be nephrotoxic

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Rope halters

Once a cattle's body is secured and the head catch deployed, further restraint of the head can be applied most safely using

Is done to curb objectionable stallion-like behavior

Orchidectomy in the horse

Are free of bacteria

Other than blood, normal body fluids obtained from closed body cavities

Thoroughbreds

Recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis most likely would be found in

It never is performed cranial to the first intercoccygeal space.

Regarding caudal epidural anesthesia for standing surgery

Its risk can be minimized by keeping the MAP above 70 mm Hg.

Regarding compartment syndrome while the horse is under general anesthesia

Sample sizes are similar to those collected in small animals.

Regarding fecal collection in a horse

Lidocaine without epinephrine (2%) is injected intravenously

Regarding the Bier block

Most horses do not require local anesthesia when it is performed on the lower leg.

Regarding the use of arthrocentesis to obtain synovial fluid samples

Sporadic exertional rhabdomyolysis

Taking a horse on an 8-hour endurance ride after it has been out to pasture all winter could cause

Provides good analgesia

The following statements about acepromazine, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except

Its use with sedative-hypnotics or tranquilizers is optional

The following statements about butorphanol, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except

Increases GI motility

The following statements about xylazine, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except

Triceps muscle

The intramuscular injection site used the least often in the horse is the

15 mL

The maximum volume of medication that should be injected intramuscularly at any one site in an average-size horse is

Orotracheal intubation

The most common method of tracheal intubation in a horse is by

32% to 52%

The normal packed cell volume in a horse ranges from

40 to 80 bpm

The normal pulse rate in cattle is

70 to 90 bpm

The normal pulse rate in sheep and goats is

100° F to 102.5° F

The normal temperature range in cattle is

Recovery

The single greatest risk from administering general anesthesia to a horse is

Distention of the rumen is preventable

Which of the following statements about ruminants under general anesthesia is not true?

Fall lambs

The system of raising sheep that would produce a 20 to 40 lb "Easter lamb" is

Surgical procedures are designed to prevent urolithiasis.

Which of the following statements about treating urolithiasis is not true?

Access the vein in the cranial half of the jugular groove

To minimize the chances of accidentally entering the carotid artery when giving an intravenous injection into the jugular vein

4 to 6 hours

Unless refrigerated, venous blood samples should be run within __________ of drawing the blood.

14-ga

What size intravenous catheter is used for administration of large volumes of maintenance fluids?

Adding them to feed can be a highly unreliable method of delivery

When administering oral medications

It is primarily for protection and support

When applying a distal limb bandage in the horse

The pressure applied while wrapping the bandage should be even throughout its entire length

When applying a distal limb bandage in the horse

4 to 5 gallons, 1 gallon

When using nasogastric intubation for medication delivery, remember that the stomach capacity of an average 1000-lb horse is ___________, so the maximum amount of fluid given at one dosing should be ________.

Dorsomedial-palmarolateral oblique

Which is the name of the view taken of a horse's right front lower leg when the x-ray beam is directed at a 45° angle from in front of the leg toward the inner aspect of the leg?

Brucellosis

Which of the following diseases is reportable and zoonotic?

Enterotoxemia

Which of the following diseases usually is seen in feedlot lambs consuming high-concentrate diets?

Microbial samples recovered by endoscopic transtracheal aspiration may not accurately reflect the suspected respiratory disease.

Which of the following is a true statement?

To treat parasitic invasions of the frontal sinus

Which of the following is not a reason to dehorn cattle?

Supplemental oxygen is delivered at a rate of 15 L/min.

Which of the following statements about recovery from general anesthesia is true?

Rumenocentesis is performed caudal to the xiphoid process and left of ventral midline.

Which of the following statements about rumen fluid collection is true?

Cornual nerve block

Which of the following local anesthetic procedures would not be used for a standing flank laparotomy in cattle?

Lidocaine

Which of the following local anesthetics has a toxic dose of 13 mg/kg body weight in cattle?

Wisconsin mastitis test

Which of the following mastitis tests is performed by the plant receiving the milk shipped from the farm?

20% of the flock harbors 80% of the worms

Which of the following statements about Haemonchus contortus infestation is true?

The disease is prevalent in the eastern portions of North America.

Which of the following statements about brucellosis in sheep is not true?

It causes abscesses.

Which of the following statements about caseous lymphadenitis is true?

Evisceration of the intestines can occur up to 6 days postoperatively.

Which of the following statements about castration in the horse is true?

The atlantooccipital space is located on the dorsal midline, at the level of the wings of the atlas.

Which of the following statements about cerebrospinal fluid collection is true?

The vaccine consists of a modified live virus.

Which of the following statements about contagious ecthyma is not true?

Pigs gain immunity as they age.

Which of the following statements about exudative epidermitis is true?

Hyperthermia is rare

Which of the following statements about general anesthesia is true?

The lateral cervical muscles are not used for IM injection in show goats.

Which of the following statements about intramuscular injection sites is true?

The California mastitis test is used on individuals to identify which quarters or halves of the udder are infected.

Which of the following statements about mastitis testing is true?

During medication administration, the head should be tilted slightly upward to facilitate swallowing.

Which of the following statements about oral medication administration is not true?

Nuclear scintigraphy

____________ is the diagnostic imaging technique used to evaluate the overall musculoskeletal system of an adult horse.

Cold sterilization

____________ is the most common way to sterilize an endoscope after use on a patient suspected of an infectious disease.


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