Large Animal Final
Porcine parvovirus
For which of the following diseases are mummification and stillbirth the only indications that a herd is infected?
Foot and mouth disease
For which of the following viral diseases is a vaccine not available?
1/4 inch, 5 to 8 weeks
Hooves grow an average of _________ per month and must be trimmed every __________ to prevent overgrowth.
Nuchal ligament
The "triangle" of the lateral cervical area is bordered dorsally by the
Male goats tend to urinate less frequently during breeding season.
Which of the following statements about urine collection is not true?
The large milk veins are inappropriate for venipuncture.
Which of the following statements about venipuncture in cattle is true?
"Spider lamb syndrome" is contracted by consumption of infective oocytes in cat feces.
Which of the following statements is not true?
Sheep and goats rarely give birth to freemartins.
Which of the following statements is true?
Retained testicles do not produce sperm, but do produce testosterone.
Which of the following statements regarding cryptorchidism is true?
A euthanized animal can be sent for rendering without concern over chemical residues.
Which of the following statements regarding the euthanasia of cattle is not true?
Emasculatome
Which of the following types of castration is bloodless and involves crushing the spermatic cord through the skin without making an incision?
13 mg/kg
When performing a nerve block, a local anesthetic is used. The toxic dose of local anesthetics in horses is
Signs of iatrogenic pneumothorax include elevated respiratory rate, dyspnea, and cyanosis
When performing a thoracocentesis
As little as one drop of fluid is required when collecting samples into a serum tube.
When performing abdominocentesis
Direct the needle either cranially or caudally
When performing venipuncture on the jugular vein in cattle
The insertion site should be as far "upstream" as possible
When placing an intravenous catheter
Dorsal, left, caudal, right
When placing lateral radiographs of a horse's leg on the view box, the _______ aspect would be toward the ________, and the ________ aspect would toward the __________.
Anticholinergics are not routinely used
When preparing the patient for general anesthesia
It is the most common reproductive surgery performed on female horses.
With regard to Caslick surgery
IV fluids are given at 10 mL/kg/hr for the first hour, then reduced to 5 mL/kg/hr
With regard to blood pressure during general anesthesia
To remove smegma from the urethral fossa
Sheath cleaning is performed
To examine the upper respiratory tract
The most common use of endoscopy in equines is
283 days
What is the average gestation period for cattle?
An animal collapses
A cattle chute that features the ability to open an entire side is advantageous when
Seedy toe
A condition of the hoof wall, often occurring secondary to laminitis, that causes a hollowed-out space containing a mealy substance on the palmar surface of the hoof describes which disease?
Should be crimped during removal
A nasogastric tube used for medication administration
Selecting the lowest possible mA, kVp, and time to achieve the best image
ALARA means
Increased bowel movements
All of the following are clinical signs of colic except
Feed ample amounts of grain and energy-dense supplements
All of the following are ways to prevent colic except
The endotracheal tube is removed after the cuff has been deflated.
All of the following statements about anesthetic maintenance and recovery are true except
The risk of tetanus following castration with an emasculatome is greater than with an elastrator.
All of the following statements about castration in sheep and goats are true except
Abortion occurs in the first 2 to 3 weeks of gestation.
All of the following statements about chlamydophilosis are true except
Because of the costs associated with injection site lesions, the trend is to avoid IM injections into the hindlegs.
All of the following statements about intramuscular injections in cattle are true except
They cannot be surgically removed
All of the following statements about melanomas are true except
Hooves on cattle stop growing after 2 to 3 years, depending on breed.
All of the following statements are true except
Tuberculosis testing involves an ID injection into the lateral cervical or flank area.
All of the following statements are true except
Angus
Among beef cattle breeds, purebred ___________ cattle are black and polled.
Lidocaine
Because it is less expensive and least toxic, which of the following local anesthetics is used most commonly in farm animals?
May cause increased frequency of urination for 1 to 2 days
Catheterization of the urinary bladder
Increase either the kVp or mAs
If a radiograph is too light
12 hours, 0 hours
If a standing surgery is performed on an elective vs. emergency basis, withhold grain for _______ and water for _________.
Procaine penicillin G
In horses, ___________ never should be given by intravenous injection
Is used for surgical procedures <1 hour
Induction with injectable drugs followed by maintenance with injectable drugs
Black disease
Infestation with the parasite Fasciola hepatica predisposes flocks to which of the following diseases?
Treatment and repair of traumatic injuries
Most standing surgeries in the horse are performed for
Have the potential to be nephrotoxic
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Rope halters
Once a cattle's body is secured and the head catch deployed, further restraint of the head can be applied most safely using
Is done to curb objectionable stallion-like behavior
Orchidectomy in the horse
Are free of bacteria
Other than blood, normal body fluids obtained from closed body cavities
Thoroughbreds
Recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis most likely would be found in
It never is performed cranial to the first intercoccygeal space.
Regarding caudal epidural anesthesia for standing surgery
Its risk can be minimized by keeping the MAP above 70 mm Hg.
Regarding compartment syndrome while the horse is under general anesthesia
Sample sizes are similar to those collected in small animals.
Regarding fecal collection in a horse
Lidocaine without epinephrine (2%) is injected intravenously
Regarding the Bier block
Most horses do not require local anesthesia when it is performed on the lower leg.
Regarding the use of arthrocentesis to obtain synovial fluid samples
Sporadic exertional rhabdomyolysis
Taking a horse on an 8-hour endurance ride after it has been out to pasture all winter could cause
Provides good analgesia
The following statements about acepromazine, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except
Its use with sedative-hypnotics or tranquilizers is optional
The following statements about butorphanol, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except
Increases GI motility
The following statements about xylazine, used to restrain horses during standing surgery, are true except
Triceps muscle
The intramuscular injection site used the least often in the horse is the
15 mL
The maximum volume of medication that should be injected intramuscularly at any one site in an average-size horse is
Orotracheal intubation
The most common method of tracheal intubation in a horse is by
32% to 52%
The normal packed cell volume in a horse ranges from
40 to 80 bpm
The normal pulse rate in cattle is
70 to 90 bpm
The normal pulse rate in sheep and goats is
100° F to 102.5° F
The normal temperature range in cattle is
Recovery
The single greatest risk from administering general anesthesia to a horse is
Distention of the rumen is preventable
Which of the following statements about ruminants under general anesthesia is not true?
Fall lambs
The system of raising sheep that would produce a 20 to 40 lb "Easter lamb" is
Surgical procedures are designed to prevent urolithiasis.
Which of the following statements about treating urolithiasis is not true?
Access the vein in the cranial half of the jugular groove
To minimize the chances of accidentally entering the carotid artery when giving an intravenous injection into the jugular vein
4 to 6 hours
Unless refrigerated, venous blood samples should be run within __________ of drawing the blood.
14-ga
What size intravenous catheter is used for administration of large volumes of maintenance fluids?
Adding them to feed can be a highly unreliable method of delivery
When administering oral medications
It is primarily for protection and support
When applying a distal limb bandage in the horse
The pressure applied while wrapping the bandage should be even throughout its entire length
When applying a distal limb bandage in the horse
4 to 5 gallons, 1 gallon
When using nasogastric intubation for medication delivery, remember that the stomach capacity of an average 1000-lb horse is ___________, so the maximum amount of fluid given at one dosing should be ________.
Dorsomedial-palmarolateral oblique
Which is the name of the view taken of a horse's right front lower leg when the x-ray beam is directed at a 45° angle from in front of the leg toward the inner aspect of the leg?
Brucellosis
Which of the following diseases is reportable and zoonotic?
Enterotoxemia
Which of the following diseases usually is seen in feedlot lambs consuming high-concentrate diets?
Microbial samples recovered by endoscopic transtracheal aspiration may not accurately reflect the suspected respiratory disease.
Which of the following is a true statement?
To treat parasitic invasions of the frontal sinus
Which of the following is not a reason to dehorn cattle?
Supplemental oxygen is delivered at a rate of 15 L/min.
Which of the following statements about recovery from general anesthesia is true?
Rumenocentesis is performed caudal to the xiphoid process and left of ventral midline.
Which of the following statements about rumen fluid collection is true?
Cornual nerve block
Which of the following local anesthetic procedures would not be used for a standing flank laparotomy in cattle?
Lidocaine
Which of the following local anesthetics has a toxic dose of 13 mg/kg body weight in cattle?
Wisconsin mastitis test
Which of the following mastitis tests is performed by the plant receiving the milk shipped from the farm?
20% of the flock harbors 80% of the worms
Which of the following statements about Haemonchus contortus infestation is true?
The disease is prevalent in the eastern portions of North America.
Which of the following statements about brucellosis in sheep is not true?
It causes abscesses.
Which of the following statements about caseous lymphadenitis is true?
Evisceration of the intestines can occur up to 6 days postoperatively.
Which of the following statements about castration in the horse is true?
The atlantooccipital space is located on the dorsal midline, at the level of the wings of the atlas.
Which of the following statements about cerebrospinal fluid collection is true?
The vaccine consists of a modified live virus.
Which of the following statements about contagious ecthyma is not true?
Pigs gain immunity as they age.
Which of the following statements about exudative epidermitis is true?
Hyperthermia is rare
Which of the following statements about general anesthesia is true?
The lateral cervical muscles are not used for IM injection in show goats.
Which of the following statements about intramuscular injection sites is true?
The California mastitis test is used on individuals to identify which quarters or halves of the udder are infected.
Which of the following statements about mastitis testing is true?
During medication administration, the head should be tilted slightly upward to facilitate swallowing.
Which of the following statements about oral medication administration is not true?
Nuclear scintigraphy
____________ is the diagnostic imaging technique used to evaluate the overall musculoskeletal system of an adult horse.
Cold sterilization
____________ is the most common way to sterilize an endoscope after use on a patient suspected of an infectious disease.
