LAT II midterm study guide

What are clinical signs of Brucellosis in sheep and goats?

Sheep: Abortion and epididymitis Goats: Abortion storm, lameness, mastitis, diarrhea, articular hygroma, depression

Which of the following are zoonotic diseases?

Soremouth Anthrax Salmonella

Rouleaux means what?

Stacked RBC's

Which swine parasite is transmitted mainly through colostrum?

Strongloides ransomi

What is the first thing you should do when performing a neuro exam on a large animal?

Watch from a distance to see how the animal reacts without stress

CAE= Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis

What are the three forms of CAE? - Neurological, arthritic, and mastitic

What is one of the main things that routinely causes illness in livestock?

Worms

For ruminant parasites, which one has clinical signs of protein loss but not anemia?

Hair worm

Which of the following are core vaccines for equine?

Rabies Tetanus West Nile Encephalomyelitis

Anisocytosis is indicitive of what in most animals?

Regenerative anemia

What is the number one cause of abortion in sheep?

Vibriosis

Notes

-The midterm is scantron, per the norm, so it will be all multiple choice or true/false. -Study your midterm kahoot and the additional kahoot underneath it on Moodle (at the very bottom on the Ovine/Caprine section). -Also study your homeworks. -Make sure you know your TPRs for your large animals as well. If you study those you should be good to go for the midterm.

Which of the following are clinical signs of equine ascarids?

Coughing Colic Pneumonia Nasal discharge

What are some clinical signs of choke?

Coughing Grinding teeth Nasal discharge of food and saliva Secondary bloat

What is the normal range of equine specific gravity?

1.020- 1.035

Horses' spleen contains _____ of circulating RBC volume

1/3rd

What is the most common size catheter used?

14 ga

The max volume of an IM injection you can give at any one site in the main muscles is

15 ml

Once a nasogastric tube is placed it can stay in place for

24-48 hours

What age should you vaccinate goat kids for the first time?

4-6 weeks

True/false

Aggressive antibiotic treatment may be helpful in early stage anthrax infection=true Caseous lymphadenitis infects both sheep and goats=true External caseous lymphadenitis is more common in sheep=false Part of EAE treatment is to burn or bury the fetus or placenta from the abortion= true Symptoms of Johne Diseases include decreased milk production and reduced feed efficiency=true The other name for orf is contagious ecthyma or sore mouth=true

The other name for splenic fever is...

Anthrax

Which of the following are forms of gait assessment in a neuro exam?

Backing Circling Running Elevated head walking

Foot rot is what type of infection?

Bacteria

Name three clostridial diseases:

Black disease, blackleg, botulism, malignant edema, tetanus.

Which of the following are clostridial diseases?

Blackleg Malignant edema Tetanus Botulism

The name for gut sounds is...

Borborygmi

What disease causes malta or undulant fever in humans?

Brucellosis

Which of the following are reportable diseases?

Brucellosis Anthrax

True/false

Caseous lymphadenitis infects both sheep and goats=true External caseous lymphadenitis is more common in sheep=false Part of EAE treatment is to burn or bury the fetus or placenta from the abortion= true Symptoms of Johne Diseases include decreased milk production and reduced feed efficiency=true Cows are the natural reservoirs for scrapie=false The other name for orf is contagious ecthyma or sore mouth=true Colic is a generalized term for abdominal pain that can originate from the GI, urinary, or reproductive tract=true Prevention of strangles is mainly fly control=true Fibrinogen levels will remain elevated until the infection in the body is resolved=true Blood gas is used to evaluate patients with respiratory disease and to monitor patients under general anesthesia=true An abdominal tap helps to identify colic, abdominal abscess, tumor, or ruptured bladder in foals=true A thoracocentesis is also known as a chest tap=true PPP: Is the prepatent period and is the time in days from infection until first parasites detected in blood=true Equine stomach worms are usually absent from clinical signs except when granulomas lead to obstruction or rupture=true

The jugular vein is the preferred venipuncture site in which species?

Cattle Horse Sheep Pigs

Low numbers of basophils are commonly found in blood of healthy

Cattle Horses Not sheep or pigs

Equine strongyle larvae develop where?

Cecum/colon

Which of the following forms can be used for an exam?

Client communication form Radiology, laboratory, surgical, etc. PE form Treatment form

Where can you palpate the pulse/heart rate on horses?

Coccygeal artery Mandibular artery Transverse facial

True/false

Deafness in a horse is not rare=false EPM can have symmetric or asymmetric ataxia and weakness in one to all four limbs=true Wobblers acts by compressing the spinal cord and killing nerves that a responsible for sensing limbs=true Colic is the most common esophageal disease large animals=false Colic is a generalized term for abdominal pain that can originate from the GI, urinary, or reproductive tract=true Prevention of strangles is mainly fly control=true

Which of the following is a good protocol for biosecurity?

Don't loan animals Control dog, cat, rodent, fly, and bird populations Limit access to your farm and animals NOT= Board other livestock

Which of the following are clinical signs of Listeriosis?

Drooping ears Circling Blindness Facial nerve paralysis

What is one of the most common causes of abortion in sheep and the number one cause of abortion in goats?

EAE: Enzootic abortion in ewes: chlamydophilosis 1. What are "treatment" options for EAE? - Antibiotics during last few weeks of gestation, isolate females who have aborted, good hygiene, prevent food/water contamination, vaccinate.

Which disease do we vaccinate for is known as the "sleeping sickness"?

Encephalomyelitis

Which equine neuro disease is characterized by hypermetria of the limbs?

Equine Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy

Which neurologic disease of horses is spread by opossums?

Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis

Equine dz and vaccine's Kahoot!

Equine dz and vaccine's Kahoot!

Cranial nerve CN3, or the oculomotor nerve controls what?

Eye movement

Which of the following are clinical signs of Listeriosis?

Facial nerve paralysis Drooping ears Circling Blindness

Which disease is highly contagious but rarely fatal?

Influenza

How are equine tapeworms picked up by horses?

Ingested with hay or grass

Which of the following are types of colic?

Intestinal obstruction Peritonitis Enteritis/colitis GI ulceration What are some treatments for colic? -NG tube -walking -fluids

Which of the following are exacerbants of pinkeye?

Irritants Bright sunlight Stress Dry/dusty environments

Which disease does infection occur at 30 days of age but clinical signs do not appear until 3-5 years of age?

Johne Disease: Paratuberculosis 1. What are the four stages of Paratuberculosis? - Silent, subclinical, clinical, and advanced clinical infection.

LAT II Midterm Kahoot!

LAT II Midterm Kahoot!

Large Animal Theory II Week 1 Kahoot!

Large Animal Theory II Week 1 Kahoot!

What is an early sign of viral infections in horses?

Low lymph count

What two locations can you perform a CSF tap?

Lumbosacral Atlantooccipital

Which of the following are clostridial diseases?

Malignant edema Botulism Blackleg Tetanus

Listeriosis affects which two body systems?

Neurologic and reproductive 1. What are treatment options for Listeriosis? - Antibiotics, NSAIDs, Prevention, proper management of feed.

Which swine parasite will a diet composed of highly degradable carbohydrates help support worm control?

Nodular worm

Which of the following is not a piece of information you need to collect during an exam history?

Not needed= Owner birthday Do need= history of pt, signalment of pt, and owner complaint

What are ways to get large animals to urinate to collect a urine sample?

Occlude nostrils Place in a clean stall with fresh hay Rub abdomen Stimulate vulva

Out of the cranial nerves, CN1 controls...

Olfactory

Ovine and Caprine Diseases Homework

Ovine and Caprine Diseases Homework

Ovine and Caprine Diseases Kahoot!

Ovine and Caprine Diseases Kahoot!

Which of the following is lifting the leg and placing it in an abnormal position?

Placing

Which of the following are treatment options for hoof problems?

Proper care and trimming of foot Foot bath Antibiotics Environmental control

Which of the following are viral diseases?

Rabies Blue tongue Ovine progressive pneumonia Orf

How does caseous lymphadenitis gain entry into the body?

Superficial wounds, ingestion, mucous membranes, inhalation, and fomites. A. What are the external vs. Internal symptoms of caseous lymphadenitis? - External: Superficial abscesses of lymph nodes - Internal: Weight loss, mastitis, respiratory distress, chronic cough, neurologic deficits, thin ewe syndrome

Which of the following belong in an emergency kit for large animals?

Thermometer Vet wrap Towels Betadine solution

Which equine worm enters the horses' system by penetrating the skin?

Threadworms

What is the other name for Scrapie?

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

T/F= Horses are obligate nasal breathers

True

T/F= Overeating is considered a veterinary emergency in large animals

True