Leadership Chapter 5

Ends-based thinking is best characterized as: A. "Doing what you want others to do to you" B. "Following the highest principle or duty" C. "Doing what is best to get my desired end results" D. "Doing what's best for the greatest number of people."

"Doing what's best for the greatest number of people."

Baby Boomers came of age during the Great Depression and World War II.

False

Being helpful, honest, and logical are examples of terminal values.

False

Ends-based thinking stems from the idea that right and wrong are best determined by considering personal feelings.

False

Gen Xers tend to be more committed to a specific organization than to their vocation because job security is a high priority.

False

In-group favoritism occurs when people overrate the quality of their work or the extent of their group contributions.

False

Moral justification means that an action a person takes is moral and ethical.

False

One's ability to reason about hypothetical moral issues is an assurance that one will act morally.

False

Significant research supports the common belief that a generational gap in values exists in the U.S.

False

The concept of the Golden Rule is similar to ends-based thinking.

False

Values tend to play a very small role in conflicts between groups.

False

Which generation of workers tends to be technologically savvy, independent, and skeptical of institutions and hierarchy? A. Millennials B. Veterans C. Baby Boomers D. Gen Xers

Gen Xers

A doctor learns that a patient has a highly contagious disease that poses a threat to the entire metropolitan area. However, the doctor is uncertain about sharing the information with city officials because of patient privacy concerns. Which ethical dilemma does the doctor most likely face? A. Truth versus loyalty B. Individual versus community C. Short-term versus long-term D. Justice versus mercy

Individual versus community

Which of the following best describes attribution of blame? A. Using cosmetic words to defuse the offensiveness of distasteful behavior B. Justifying immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions C. Avoiding self-contempt for personal behavior by comparing it to the more heinous actions of others D. Minimizing the harm caused by immoral actions by blaming the behavior on low societal standards

Justifying immoral behavior by claiming it was caused by someone else's actions

Which term refers to the generation of workers born after 1982? A. Gen Xers B. Millennials C. Baby Boomers D. Veterans

Millennials

_____ involves reinterpreting otherwise immoral behavior in terms of a higher purpose. A. Advantageous comparison B. Moral justification C. Displacement of responsibility D. Euphemistic labeling

Moral justification

Which of the following best describes ethics? A. Appreciation of laws B. Principles of right conduct C. Sense of organizational purpose D. Modes of intrapersonal behavior

Principles of right conduct

What is the main criticism of servant leadership? A. Motivating through coercion is unethical. B. It is derived from a bureaucratic view of organizations. C. Too much emphasis is placed on listening effectively to workers. D. Serving employees conflicts with the realistic goals of organizations.

Serving employees conflicts with the realistic goals of organizations.

A manager with a _____ orientation will most likely rely on coercive methods to motivate workers such as punishments and threats. A. Theory X B. Theory Y C. Millennial D. Baby Boomer

Theory X

According to principle-centered leadership, certain organizational alignments are more likely than others to reinforce ethical behavior.

True

According to the dual-process theory, moral judgments that deal primarily with rights and duties are made by automatic emotional responses.

True

Distortion of consequences occurs when people minimize the harm caused by their immoral behavior.

True

Instrumental values refer to modes of behavior, and terminal values refer to desired end states.

True

Leaders ultimately must be judged on the basis of a framework of values, not just in terms of their effectiveness.

True

Leaders who make Theory Y assumptions are optimistic and believe workers are self-motivated.

True

Millennials tend to share an optimism that is most likely the result of having very devoted parents.

True

Moral reasoning is a process one uses to make an ethical decision and does not necessarily refer to personal morality.

True

Servant leadership puts the emphasis upon listening effectively to others.

True

The study of authentic leadership has gained momentum recently because of the belief that enhancing self-awareness can help people in organizations find more meaning and connection at work.

True

What are the four qualities of leadership that engender trust according to Bennis and Goldsmith? A. Values, loyalty, consistency, and integrity B. Honesty, values, loyalty, and creativity C. Creativity, honesty, consistency, and vision D. Vision, empathy, consistency, and integrity

Vision, empathy, consistency, and integrity

In general, members of the Baby Boomer generation: A. are ambitious and loyal to organizations. B. came of age during the Watergate scandal. C. grew up as latchkey kids in divorced families. D. appreciate teamwork and a work-life balance.

are ambitious and loyal to organizations.

Terrorists may call themselves "freedom fighters," and firing someone may be referred to as "letting him go" These are both examples of: A. moral justification. B. diffusion of responsibility. C. euphemistic labeling. D. advantageous comparison.

euphemistic labeling

Gen Xers have a tendency to define leadership as: A. giving employees what they need to work well and comfortably. B. sitting in meetings and making profound vision statements. C. creating a level playing field for all. D. being critical of employees.

giving employees what they need to work well and comfortably.

In general, members of the Veteran generation: A. lack a sense of accountability. B. grew up during World War II. C. question establishment values. D. have little respect for leaders.

grew up during World War II.

An authentic leader will most likely: A. manage impressions and actions. B. have a realistic self-perception. C. exaggerate strong emotions. D. foster in-group exclusivity.

have a realistic self-perception

Relationships that lack trust are characterized by self-protective efforts to control and verify each other's behavior. This statement most likely relates to the _____ level of principle-centered leadership. A. interpersonal B. personal C. managerial D. organizational

interpersonal

Values are most likely: A. shared by all human beings. B. learned through socialization. C. based on principles of law. D. demonstrated by empathy.

learned through socialization.

A leader who takes action to maintain ethical standards in the face of questionable moral behaviors by superiors is most likely exhibiting: A. compelling vision. B. charismatic leadership. C. servant leadership behavior. D. upward ethical leadership.

upward ethical leadership

Leaders who pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs and a common sense of organizational purpose and belonging are most likely exhibiting: A. consistency. B. empathy. C. vision. D. integrity.

vision

Theory Y reflects a view that most people: A. are followers instead of leaders. B. are moral and ethical in the workplace. C. need to be coerced to work productively. D. are intrinsically motivated by their work.

are intrinsically motivated by their work