Leadership Test 1 excluding chapter 3

what is the upper left quadrant of the brain

A

what is the lower left quadrant of the brain

B

what is the lower right quadrant of the brain

C

who created the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Carl Jung

what is the upper right quadrant of the brain

D

who created theory x and theory y

Douglas McGregor

what is another name for emotional intelligence

EQ

who created level 5 leaders

Jim Collins (good to great)

who gave the quote on the challenge of leadership

Jim Rohn

what was the questionnaire called in the Ohio State Studies

Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire

what are people when they can learn to use their whole brain

MINDFUL

what was the questionnaire called in the Michigan Studies

Survey of Organizations

what is stewardship

a belief that leaders are deeply accountable to others as well as to the organization, without trying to control others, define meaning and purpose for others, or take care of others

what is clarity of mind

a commitment to the truth of current reality

what is the collaborate role of leadership

a horizontal leadership role in which the leader often works behind the scenes and uses personal power to influence others and get things done

what is a democratic leader

a leader who delegates authority to others, encourages participation, relies on subordinates knowledge for completion of tasks, and depends on subordinate respect for influence

what is a learning leader

a leader who is open to learning and change and encourages the growth and development of others

what is an autocratic leader

a leader who tends to centralize authority and derive power from position, control of rewards, and coercion

what is employee centered leadership in the university of michigan studies on leader behavior

a leadership behavior that displays a focus on the human needs of subordinates

what is the advisory role of leadership

a leadership role that provides advice, guidance, and support to other people and departments in the organization

what are strengths

a natural talent or ability that has been supported and reinforced with learned knowledge and skills

what is emotional intelligence

a person's abilities to perceive, identify, understand, and successfully manage emotions in self and others

what is self-efficacy

a persons strong belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcomes

what is derailment

a phenomenon in which a manager with an impressive track record reaches a certain level but goes off track and cant advance because of a mismatch between job needs and personal skills and qualities

what is a vision

a picture of an ambitious desirable future for the organization or team

what is a paradigm

a shared mindset that represents a fundamental way of thinking about, perceiving, and understanding the world

what is mindfulness

a state of focused attention on the present moment and a readiness to create new mental categories in the face of evolving information and shifting circumstances

what is optimism

a tendency to see the positive side of things and expect that things will turn out well

what is individualized leadership

a theory based on the notion that a leader develops a unique relationship with each subordinate or group member, which determines how the leader behaves toward the member and how the member responds to the leader

what is the leadership grid

a two-dimensional leadership model that describes major leadership styles based on measuring both concern for people and concern for production

what is the operational role of leadership

a vertically oriented leadership role in which an executive has direct control over people and resources and the position power to accomplish results

what is organizing to achieve objectives

a way to bridge the disparity between current reality and the vision of a better future

what is contextual intelligence

ability to sense the social, political, technological, and economic context of the times and adopt a mental model that helps an organization respond

what does courage mean

accepting responsibility, nonconformity, pushing beyond the comfort zone, asking for what you want and saying what you think, fighting for what you believe

what is the number one reason for executive derailment

acting with insensitive, abrasive, intimidating, bullying style

what principles provide the framework for stewardship

adopt a partnership mindset, give decision making power and the authority to act to those closest to the work and the customer, tie rewards to contributions rather than formal positions, expect core work teams to build the organization

what was the name of era 4 of leadership

agile leadership

what is the whole brain concept

an approach that considers not only a person's preference for right-brained thinking, but also conceptual versus experiential thinking; identifies four quadrants of the brain related to different thinking styles

what is an attitude

an evaluation (either positive or negative) about people, events, or things

what is leadership

an influence relationship among leaders and followers who intend real changes and outcomes that reflect their shared purposes

what is the halo effect

an overall impression of a person or situation based on characteristic, either favorable or unfavorable

what is intellectual stimulation

arousing followers thoughts and imaginations as well as stimulating their ability to identify and solve problems creatively

leadership is a(an) ______ and a ______

art and science

what are characteristics of effective followers

assume responsibility for one's own job security and development, balance the courage to serve with the courage to challenge, support organization goals

what is self-confidence

assurance in ones own judgments, decision making, ideas, and capabilities

are values or attitudes easier to change

attitudes

what is love as feelings

attraction, fascination, and caring for people and work

what are the four types of leadership continuum

authoritarian management, participative management, stewardship, servant leadership

what style of leadership does a leader in quadrant A use

authoritative

what is it called when there is high concern for results and low concern for people

authority-compliance management

being ____ and _____ are powerful ways to better lead yourself and ultimately others

aware and mindful

what theories were in era 2 of leadership

behavior theories, contingency theories

what are two particularly damaging blind spot

being a jerk, being too nice

what is empathy

being able to put yourself in someone elses shoes

what is self-awareness

being conscious of the internal aspects of ones nature, such as personality traits, emotions, values, attitudes, and perceptions, and appreciating how your patterns affect other people

what is the great man theories

belief that leaders were born with certain heroic leadership traits, qualities, and abilities

what are end values

beliefs about the kinds of goals or outcomes that are worth trying to pursue (ex. security, good health)

what are instrumental values

beliefs about the types of behaviors that are appropriate for reaching goals (ex. being honest)

how can you find moral courage

believe in a higher purpose, draw strength from others, harness frustration and anger, develop your skills

what is mindlessness

blindly accepting rules and labels created by others

what is the new paradigm leader

change manager, facilitator, collaborator, diversity promoter, humble

in a world of rapid and discontinuous change, the greatest factor determining the success of leaders and organizations may be the ability to ____________

change or expand one's mental model

what are blind spots

characteristics or habits that people are not aware of or don't recognize as problems but which limit their effectiveness and hinder their career success

what are the topics of study in influence theories

charismatic leadership, organizational culture, leadership vision

what are the three qualities of personal mastery

clarity of mind, clarity of objectives, organizing to achieve objectives

what are the 3 parts of attitude

cognitions (thoughts), affect (feelings), behavior

what style of leadership do leaders in quadrant B typically use

conservative

what are the two categories of leader behavior according to the ohio state studies

consideration, initiating structure

what is it called when there is low concern for results and high concern for people

country club management

what is tell courage

courage to speak up and to avoid defensiveness and avoiding blame

what is try courage

courage to take initiative rather than play it safe

what is trust courage

courage to trust and rely on others

what is the right hemisphere of the brain associated with

creativity

what kind of culture does leadership create

culture of agility and integrity

what kind of culture does management create

culture of efficiency

what is the most important aspect of inspirational leadership

dare to be different

what is locus of control

defines whether a person places the primary responsibility for what happens to him or her within himself/herself or on outside forces

what are the 3 factors that influence if internal or external attributions will be made

distinctivness, consistency, consensus

what is moral leadership

distinguishing right from wrong and doing right

what is emotional contagion

emotions are contagious

what is whistleblowing

employee disclosure of illegal, immoral, or unethical practices in the organization

what were the two types of leadership behavior established by the university of michigan

employee-centered, job-centered

what is one of the best ways to develop a global mindset

engage with people from different cultures

what are perceptual distortions

errors in judgment that arise from inaccuracies in the perceptual process

what are four popular myths about leadership

everyone can be a leader, leaders deliver business results, people who get to the top are leaders, leaders are great coaches

what are the influence theories

examine influence processes between leaders and followers- leaders influence people to change by providing an inspiring vision of the future and shaping the culture and values needed to attain it

what are the four themes common in leadership definitions

exercise of influence, group context, collaboration, followership

what are people who believe outside forces determine what happens to them

externals

what dimension of the big five personality dimensions includes dominance

extroversion

what are the big five personality dimensions

five general dimensions that describe personality: extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience

what are the relational theories

focus on how leaders and followers interact- leadership is a relational process that engages all participants

what do you need in order to be a leader

followers

what is love as motivaton

force within that enables people to feel alive, connected, energized

what are values

fundamental beliefs that an individual considers to be important, that are relatively stable over time, and that have an impact on attitudes and behaviors

how can you change from behavior flaws of executives

gather feedback, apologize and try to fix your flaws

what is representative redescription

give your message in more than one way

what is practicing tough empathy

giving people what they need, not what they want

what is agile leadership

giving up control in the traditional sense and encouraging the growth and development of others to ensure organizational flexibility and responsiveness

what theories were in era 1 of leadership

great man theories, trait theories

what was the name of era 1 of leadership

great person leadership

you should lead with _____ and _____

head and heart

what do spindle cells do

help us make decisions and help us gauge if someone is right or wrong for a job

what is clarity of objectives

helps leaders focus on the end result, the vision or dream that motivates them and their team or organization

why was Abraham Lincoln a successful leader

high emotional intelligence

what is drive

high motivation that creates a high effort level by a leader

what is cognitive style

how a person perceives, processes, interprets, and uses information

what do the most successful leaders lead with

humility

what is it called when there is low concern for results and low concern for people

impoverished management

in what areas can leaders expand their mental models

independent thinking, openmindedness, systems thinking, personal mastery

what theories were in era 3 of leadership

influence theories

what are the key elements of leadership

influence, intention, personal responsibility and integrity, change, shared purpose, followers, influence

what is the financial basis of today's economy becoming

information

what is an in-group relationship according to the VDL model

insiders that are highly trusted and may obtain special privileges

what is the key to successful leadership

interdependence

WHAT ARE PeoPLE WHO BELIEVE THEIR ACTIONS DETERMINE WHAT HAPPENS TO THEM CALLED

internals

what is the most important facet of leadership effectiveness according to the relational theories

interpersonal relationships

what four different pairs of attributes does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator use

introversion versus extroversion, sensing versus intuition, thinking versus feeling, judging versus perceiving

what are attributions

judgments about what caused a person's behavior- either characteristics of the person or of the situation

does a leader or manager focus on vision

leader

what is a whole leader

leader who leads with both head and heart

what is the difference between a manager and a leader

leaders always look for change, managers want to keep everything the same

what are contingency theories

leaders can analyze their situations and tailor their behavior to improve leadership effectiveness

what is the partnership building stage of individualized leadership

leaders can reach out to create a positive exchange with every subordinate. doing so increases performance

why do we need leadership

leaders create vision and define purpose, and influence followers to move towards the vision

what is window-mirror paradigm

leaders of great organization looked out the window when things went well (give credit to team) and looked in mirror when things were not doing great (take responsibility)

what is the vertical dyad linkage stage of individualized leadership

leaders' behaviors and traits have different effects across followers, creating in-groups and out-groups

what is job centered leadership in the university of michigan studies on leader behavior

leadership behavior in which leaders direct activities toward efficiency, cost-cutting, and scheduling, with an emphasis on goals and work facilitation

what is servant leadership

leadership in which the leader transcends self-interest to serve the needs of others, help others grow, and provide opportunities for others to gain materially and emotionally

what is the leader-member exchange stage of individualized leadership

leadership is individualized for each subordinate. each dyad involves a unique exchange independent of other dyads

should leaders be more or less authoritarian

less

what is competence

limited and quantifiable

what are two specific personality attributes that have a significant impact on behavior and are thus of particular interest for leadership studies

locus of control, authoritarianism

what is peripheral vision

look at the organization through a wide-angle lens rather than a telephoto lens

what is love as actions

love is something you do, the sacrifices you make and the giving yourself to others

leaders should lead with _____ and not with _____

love, fear

how does leadership and management differ in personal qualities

management focuses on emotional distance, leadership focuses on emotional connections

how does leadership and management differ in outcomes

management focuses on maintaining stability, leadership focuses on creating change

how does leadership and management differ in relationships

management invest in goods, leadership invests in people

how does leadership and management differ in alignment

management organizes and staffs, leadership creates shared culture and values

how does leadership and management differ in direction

management plans and budgets, leadership creates vision and strategy

why are leaders facing challenges they couldn't imagine a few years ago

massive changes in the world

what is an out-group relationship according to the VDL model

members of the group who did not experience a sense of trust and extra consideration

what is it called when there is medium concerned for people and medium concern for results

middle-of-the-road management

what are the three elements that lead to effective leadership

mind, heart, spirit

leadership is a _____ not a _____

mindset, position

how can leaders turn a blind eye to unethical behavior

most managers have a natural inclination to protect their organizations

what is fear based motivation

motivation based on fear of losing a job

what is love based motivation

motivation based on feeling valued in the job

who created the whole brain concept

ned herrmann

do negative or positive emotions spread faster

negative

can leadership replace management

no

can you have both employee-centered leadership and job-centered leadership

no

do good leaders guarantee good followership

no

does effective followership equate to "brown-nosing" or being a "yes man/woman"

no

can everyone be a leader

no, people may not want to be a leader

is an individual who achieves excellence as a scientist or athlete a leader

no- they have no followers

do leaders deliver business results

not always

are people who get to the top leaders

not necessarily

what are the three types of leadership roles

operational role, collaborative role, advisory role

what are a few traits typically considered highly important for leadership

optimism, self-confidence, honesty and integrity, drive

what type of leader is someone who believes in theory y

people oriented but could be task oriented

what are the two predominate types of leadership from the research into behavior approach

people-oriented and task-oriented

what were the two leadership behaviors created resulting from the University of Michigan, Ohio State, and Texas studies

people-oriented, task-oriented

what are the five fatal flaws that cause derailment

performance problems, problems with relationships, difficulty changing, difficulty building and leading a team, too narrow management experience

what causes the differences in which we interpret phenomena

personality, attitudes, values

what influences leader perceptions

personality, values, attitudes, cognitive style

how can you learn to be a leader

practice acts of leadership in your everyday life, emulate successful leaders, find a mentor to provide feedback, complete a leadership course to improve skills, work to develop personal traits of empathy and patience

what are the three levels of personal moral development

preconventional, conventional, postconventional

what is the left hemisphere of the brain associated with

problem solving

what is organizational leadership

process of influencing the ideas, beliefs, values, capabilities, and behaviors of others toward accomplishing organizational goals and/or visions

what four basic precepts are involved with servant leadership

put service before self-interest, listen first to affirm others, inspire trust by being trustworthy, nourish others and help them become whole

what is independent thinking

questioning assumptions and interpreting data and events according to one's own beliefs, ideas, and thinking rather than preestablished rules or categories defined by others

are leaders great coaches

rarely

what was the name of era 2 of leadership

rational management

is leadership passive or reciprocal

reciprocal

what theories were in era 4 of leadership

relational theories, level 5 leadership

leadership is a _____

relationship

what type of leaders are theory y leaders

relationship

why is followership important

required for the implementation of goals and vision, associated with LMX and in-groups versus out group formation

what extra qualities are needed in order to inspirational leaders to separate themselves from generic leaders

reveal your weaknesses, become a sensor, practice tough empathy, dare to be different

what is an internal attribution

says characteristics of the person led to the behavior (ex. my subordinate missed the deadline because he's lazy and incompetent)

what is an external attribution

says something about the situation caused the persons behavior (ex. my subordinate missed the deadline because he didn't have the team support)

what is the most important capability for leaders to develop

self-awareness

what are the best safeguards against projection

self-awareness and empathy

what are the components of emotional intelligence

self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, relationship management

what tempers how leaders see others and their environments

self-concept

what is self-confidence related to

self-efficacy

how does leadership differ from management

separate process, but not necessarily separate people in separate roles

what type of leadership is leadership upside down

servant leadership

how can leaders overcome barriers to success

showing dependence

what is another name for contingency theories

situational theories

what is one tip for introverts

smile

what is the old paradigm leader

stabilizer, controller, competitor, diversity avoider, hero

what are common perceptual distortions

stereotyping, the halo effect, projection, perceptual defense

what are the behavior theories

study on how effective leaders differ in their behavior from ineffective ones

what is the trait theories

studying traits or characteristics that define leaders

what are level 5 leaders

take blame for team failures and give all credit to group when there is success- show humility

how can you enhance emotional intelligence

take responsibility for your life, take a course in public speaking, practice mediation or yoga

what is one tip for extroverts

talk less, listen more

what type of leaders are theory x leaders

task

what type of leader is someone who believes in theory x

task oriented

what is it called when there is high concern for results and high concern for people

team management

what was the name of era 3 of leadership

team or lateral leadership

what is another name for end values

terminal values

what is the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

test that measures how individuals differ in gathering and evaluating information for solving problems and making decisions

what is a global mindset

the ability of managers to appreciate and influence individuals, groups, organizations, and systems that represent different social, cultural, political, institutional, intellectual, or psychological characteristics

what is systematic thinking

the ability to see the synergy of the whole rather than just the separate elements of a system and to learn to reinforce or change whole system patterns

what is theory x

the assumption that people are basically lazy and not motivated to work and that they have a natural tendency to avoid responsibility

what is theory y

the assumption that people do not inherently dislike work and will commit themselves willingly to work that they care about

what is management

the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling organizational resources

what is authoritarianism

the belief that power and status differences should exist in an organization

what is openness to experience

the degree to which a person has a broad range of interests and is imaginative, creative, and willing to consider new ideas

what is agreeableness

the degree to which a person is able to get along with others by being good-natured, cooperative, forgiving, compassionate, understanding, and trusting

what is extroversion

the degree to which a person is outgoing, sociable, talkative, and comfortable meeting and talking to new people

what is conscientiousness

the degree to which a person is responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented

what is emotional stability

the degree to which a person is well adjusted, calm, and secure

what is personal mastery

the discipline of mastering yourself

what are traits

the distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader, such as intelligence, honesty, self-confidence, and appearance

what is consideration in the ohio state studies on leader behavior

the extent to which a leader is sensitive to subordinates, respects their ideas and feelings, and establishes mutual trust

what is the initiating structure in the ohio state studies on leader behavior

the extent to which a leader is task oriented and directs subordinates work activities toward goal center achievement

what is the preconventional level of personal moral development

the level of personal moral development in which individuals are egocentric and concerned with receiving external rewards and avoiding punishments

what is the postconventional level of personal moral development

the level of personal moral development in which leaders are guided by an internalized set of principles universally recognized as right

what is the conventional level of personal moral development

the level of personal moral development in which people learn to conform to the expectations of good behavior as defined by colleagues, family, friends and society

what is courage

the mental and moral strength to engage in, persevere through, and withstand danger, difficulty, or fear

what is quadrant D in the whole brain concept and what is the name for this part of the brain

the part of the brain associated in the whole brain model with conceptualizing, synthesizing, and integrating facts and patters (artist)

what is quadrant C in the whole brain concept and what is the name for this part of the brain

the part of the brain associated in the whole brain model with interpersonal relationships and intuitive and emotional thought processes (teacher part of brain)

what is quadrant A in the whole brain concept and what is the name for this part of the brain

the part of the brain associated in the whole brain model with logical thinking, analysis of facts, and processing numbers (scientist part of brain)

what is quadrant B in the whole brain concept and what is the name for this part of the brain

the part of the brain associated in the whole brain model with planning, organizing facts, and careful detailed review (manager part of brain)

what is capacity

the potential each of us has to be more than we are now

what is perception

the process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information

what is integrity

the quality of being whole and integrated and acting in accordance with solid ethical principles

what is the primary factor determining the level of fear experienced at work

the relationship between an employee and his or her direct supervisor

what is personality

the set of unseen characteristics and processes that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, and people in the environment

what is the Abilene Paradox

the tendency of people to resist voicing their true thoughts or feelings in order to please others and avoid conflict

what is stereotyping

the tendency to assign an individual to a broad category and then attribute generalizations about the group to the individual

what is self-serving bias

the tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors on one's successes and the influence of external factors on one's failures

what is perceptual defense

the tendency to protect oneself by disregarding ideas, situations, or people that are unpleasant

what is projection

the tendency to see ones own personal traits in other people

what is the fundamental attribution error

the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors on another's behavior and overestimate the influence of internal factors

what is a mental model

theories people hold about specific systems in the world and their expected behaviors

what are the two preferences that seem to be more strongly associated with successful leadership in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

thinking and judging

who created the great man approach

thomas carlyle

what are the two significant relational theories

tranformational leadership, servant leadership

what is honesty

truthfulness and nondeception

what are the three types of courage

try, trust, tell

how can leaders learn to work more effectively with different personality types

understand your own personality and how you react to others, treat everyone with respect, acknowledge each persons strengths, strive for understanding

how do you determine an individuals preference for each of the four styles in the whole brain concept

use a survey called the herrmann brain dominance instrument

what helps determine the attitudes leaders display

values

what are the stages of development of individualized leadership

vertical dyad linkage, leader-member exchange, partnership building

what are four characteristics considered highly important to entrepreneurial leaders

vision and dissatisfaction of the present; ability to get people on board; flexibility, openness to feedback, and ability to learn and adapt; persistence and execution

what is the pike syndrome

when people assume they have complete knowledge of a situation because of a past experience

what are mirror neurons

when we consciously or unconsciously detect someone else's emotions through their actions, our mirror neurons reproduce those emotions

what is the single most important factor in ethical decision making in organizations

whether leaders show a commitment to ethics in their talk and especially their behavior

what are behavior flaws of executives

winning at all costs and in all situations, clinging to the past, never being able to say you're sorry

what is managing upward

working with (rather than against) the leader's style and goals

can leadership be learned

yes

can you have both a consideration style of leadership and an initiating structure style of leadership

yes