Learn Smart #1(1a) and (1b)

A poor diet and physical inactivity will increase your risk of

dying prematurely

lipids

energy source

minerals

regulation of fluid balance

A(n) ____ is a personal endorsement of a product. These endorsements are biased and often found in advertisements for various products

testimonial

Studying the different dietary practices and disease occurrences among populations, nutrition scientists may learn much about the influence of diet on health

true

Consumers need to be skeptical of nutrition and health-related claims because

-the FDA cannot prevent the spread of published misinformation -promoters of worthless nutrition products are good marketers -nutrition misinformation can be spread through a variety of sources

Organize the basic steps of experimental epidemiological research in order from start to finish

1. make observations 2. develop a hypothesis 3. design the study and perform tests 4. analyze data and draw conclusions 5. share results with peers

5 grams fat

45 kcal

Which of the following are true statements about medical herbs?

- they can have negative interactions with other herbs -they can interact negatively with medications -they should be treated as drugs

Observational epidemiological research includes

-case-control studies -cohort studies

Which of the following would be effective in decreasing a person's risk for premature death?

-exercising regularly -consuming fruits and vegetables

A true nutrition expert ____.

-has extensive college coursework in nutrition -is usually a registered dietitian -has experience in the application of scientific methodology

Choose the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2020 for Nutrition and Weight Status

-increase fruit intake among people who are 2 years of age and older -reduce the proportion of obese adults -increase whole grain intake among people who are 2 years of age and older

A drug

-is a substance that alters body functions -may be natural or man-made -may have beneficial as well as harmful effects

Which of the following are examples of life-threatening and chronic diseases that result from a poor diet and lack of exercise

-obesity -diabetes mellitus (type 2) -heart disease

Choose the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2020 for Nutrition and Weight Status...another one

-reduce the proportion of obese children and adolescents -increase the variety and intake of vegetables among people who are 2 years of age and older -increase the proportion of adults who have a healthy weight

A college-trained health-care professional who has extensive knowledge of foods ans nutrition is called a

-registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) -registered dietitian (RD)

Which of the following occurs after completion of an experiment?

-scientists summarize the finding -figure out if the findings support or disprove the hypothesis -seek to publish the results in scientific journals

4 grams of protein

16kcal

A gram of protein contains __ kilocalories per gram

4

Carbohydrates provide the body with ___ kcal per gram

4

10 Grams of carbohydrate has ___calories?

40

essential ____

A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a _____ nutrient.

Diet

A person's usual pattern of food intake is called

dietary supplements ___ interact and influence with other medications

Can

Which types of studies cannot establish cause and effect?

Epidemiological

A(n) ______ is a report of personal experiences

anecdote

An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in:

body fat increases

Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are ______

cancer and heart disease

protein

cellular development, growth, and maintenance

A ______ group, which receives no treatment, allows researchers to determine if an experimental treatment has any effect

control

a valid experiment requires both a treatment and _____ group

control

When two variables have a relationship they are said to be in ___ with each other but you cannot say there is a cause and effect relationship

correlation

A product that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake is called a(n)

dietary supplement

in order to test hypotheses, research scientists conduct

experiments

Consumer are often unaware that the FDA regulates dietary supplements as

food

the body gets nutrients from

food

Heart disease

high-fat diet

vitamins

maintenance of immune function

Overweight or obese Americans are an example of

malnutrition and overnutrition

Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called

medical nutrition therapies

the standard of measurement used in nutrition is the ______ system

metric

lipid

necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins

An infomercial for a new weight-loss supplement claims that the medical community has been keeping this formula secret for decades and features the testimonials of an ex-baseball player and a prominent pop music star, who say they lost 12 pounds in the first two weeks. Should you try this supplement

no

_____ is the study of how the body uses nutrients

nutrition

Before an article can be published, a critical analysis of the article is conducted by fellow research colleagues. This process is called _______ _______

peer review

carbohydrate

primary role is to provide energy

______ assignment of subjects to groups in a research study helps to ensure that members of treatment and control groups have similar characteristics. This enhances the validity of the study results

random

water

regulation of body temperature

Nutrition researchers rely on the ___ method, which involves making observations, asking questions, and developing hypotheses

scientific

Lung Cancer

smoking

Skin Cancer

sun exposure

water

temperature regulation

Nuts are an example of a food that is energy dense but do not contain empty calories

true

Within an experimental design, a person's age, weight, or environment are all examples of

variables

The nutrient that comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman is

water

Which is considered the most essential nutrient?

water

Which of the following are the major classes of nutrients?

water, lipids and carbohydrates

To achieve nutritional adequacy one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups

whole grains, fruits and vegetables