Learnsmart/Chapter 2

Which of the following statements correctly describe cathode rays?

*A cathode ray consists of negatively charged particles. *The discovery of cathode rays showed that an atom can be broken down into smaller particles.

Which of the following are elements?

*Na *Cu

Which of the following statements correctly describe subatomic particles?

*The electrons are located outside the nucleus of an atom. *The mass of an electron is significantly smaller than the mass of a proton. *Protons are positively charged.

Which of the following options correctly describe covalent compounds?

1. A covalent compound is formed when electrons are shared. 2. The smallest unit of a covalent compound is called a molecule.

Match each of the following polyatomic ions with its correct name.

1. OH- - Hydroxide 2. NO2- - Nitrite 3. NO3- - Nitrate 4. PO43- - Phosphate 5. NH4+- Ammonium

Which of the following options describe the correct format used to represent an ionic compound?

1. Subscripts in the formula for an ionic compound are usually reduced to the simplest ratio. 2. The number of atoms/ions in the formula is indicated by a subscript. 3. In the formula of an ionic compound, the cation is always placed first.

Match the name for each polyatomic ion with its correct formula.

1. Sulfate- SO42- 2. Sulfite- SO32- 3. Permanganate- MnO4- 4. Carbonate- CO32-

Which of the following statements correctly describe the atomic number of an element?

1. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. 2. Each element has its own unique atomic number.

Which of the following options correctly describe how to name an ionic compound?

1. The cation is named first and the anion second. 2. For a monatomic anion, the element name is changed to end in -ide.

A particular isotope of an element is represented by the symbol N 7/15. Which of the following options correctly interpret this symbol? Select all that apply.

1. The element contains 8 neutrons in its nucleus. 2. The element contains 7 protons in its nucleus.

Match each Greek numerical prefix with the correct number of atoms/entities it indicates.

1. di- 2 2. penta- 5 3. hexa- 6 4. mono- 1 5. hepta- 7

The formula mass of K2CO3 is equal to _____.

138.21 amu

How many electrons are present in the ion Se 34/2 - 79?

36

Analysis of a 5.68-g sample of ZnS contains 3.80 g of Zn. Calculate the mass of Zn that can be obtained from 7.53 kg of ZnS.

5.04 kg

Which of the following equations will give the correct formula mass of the compound Fe(ClO4)2?

55.85 + 2(35.45) + 8(16.00)

Which of the following correctly defines a covalent bond?

A pair of electrons shared between two nuclei

Which of the following formulas for ionic compounds are correct?

CaO Ca3N2 Na2S

Which of the following combinations of elements would form a covalent bond?

Carbon and oxygen Oxygen and nitrogen Hydrogen and sulfur

What is the charge of the monatomic cation usually formed by each of the following metals? Remember to include the sign with each charge, and enter the number along with the correct sign of the charge in each case

+2;+1;+2

Match each type of bond to the correct description given

1. Covalent bond- Attraction between two nuclei and a shared pair of electrons 2. Ionic bond- Attraction between oppositely charged ions

Match the correct term for the mass of a compound with the type of compound.

1. Covalent compounds- Molecular mass 2. Ionic compounds- Formula mass

Match each combination of elements to the type of compound formed.

1. Covalent- Nitrogen and chlorine 2. Ionic- Magnesium and iodine

Which of the following options correctly describe the arrangement of the periodic table?

1. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties. 2. The elements in the upper right portion of the periodic table are nonmetals. 3. The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called periods.

Which of the following options correctly describe how to determine the charge on a monatomic ion using the periodic table?

1. For main-group cations, the ion charge equals the A-group number. 2. Ca is in Group 2A and therefore forms the Ca2+ ion. 3. The charge of most transition metal cations cannot readily be predicted from the periodic table.

Match each group in the periodic table with the correct name as indicated.

1. Group 1A- Alkali metals 2. Group 2A- Alkaline earth metals 3. Group 7A- Halogens 4. Group 8A- Noble gases

Which of the following statements correctly describe isotopes?

1. Isotopes have similar chemical properties. 2. Isotopes of the same element have the same element symbols. 3. Isotopes have different numbers of neutrons.

Match each type of ion with the statement that correctly describes how to determine its charge using the periodic table.

1. Main-group cations-. The ion charge equals the A-group number. 2. Anions- The ion charge is calculated by subtracting 8 from the A-group number.

A(n) ________ contains only one type of atom, whereas a(n) ___________ is composed of two or more different elements bonded together. A(n) _____________also contains more than one substance, but these can be separated by physical means, whereas the components of a compound cannot.

Element;Compound;Mixture

What is the correct name of hydrate FeSO4⋅7H2O?

Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate

Each element in a given compound comprises a fixed fraction or percent by _____________ of the compound. This observation is summarized by the law of definite __________.

Mass; Composition

Which of the following options correctly describe how straight-chain alkanes are named?

Meth-, eth-, prop-, and but- are the root names for alkanes with one, two, three, and four carbons, respectively. Alkanes are named with the root based on the number of carbon atoms followed by the suffix -ane. Larger alkanes are named according to the Greek prefixes.

An element is the simplest form of matter that has unique ___________ and chemical properties. An element consists of only one kind of ____________.

Physical;Atom

Which of the following statements correctly defines the atomic mass of an element?

The average of the masses of the natural isotopes of the element, according to their abundance

consider the formula for the ionic compound Na2O. Which of the following statements correctly interpret this formula?

The cation in this compound is Na+. The compound contains 2 Na+ ions for every O2- ion.

Chlorine has two principal stable isotopes, 35Cl (isotopic mass 34.9689) and 37Cl (isotopic mass 36.9659). The atomic mass of Cl is 35.4527 amu. Which of the following options correctly describe these isotopes?

The more abundant isotope comprises 75.774% of all stable Cl atoms 35Cl has the greater abundance.

True or false: All isotopes of the same element have nearly identical chemical behavior.

True

An ionic bond is stronger for ions with _____ charges and _____ size.

higher; smaller

A _____ mixture has no visible boundaries between its components because its composition is uniform, whereas a _____ mixture is not uniform and different components can be distinguished.

homogeneous; heterogeneous

Binary acids are named with the prefix _____ and the suffix _____.

hydro-; -ic

The formula of a(n) _____________ compound represents the simplest ratio of the relative numbers of cations and anions present. The ratio is called the formula ____________ of the compound.

ionic;unit

All elements in Groups 1A to 8A of the periodic table are called the ___________ elements or representative elements, while the elements in the B groups are called the __________ metals.

main-group;transition

The _____ number of an atom is equal to the sum of the protons and _____ in the nucleus of the atom.

mass; neutrons

During a chemical reaction, the total _____ of the substances present does not change. The number of substances may change, but the total amount of matter present _____.

mass; remains unchanged

All isotopes of an element have ______ chemical behavior.

nearly identical

Covalent compounds form when elements _____ electrons, which usually occurs between _____. A covalent compound is electrically neutral and is composed of individual units called _____.

share; nonmetals; molecules

What is the correct systematic name for the compound Na2CO3?

sodium carbonate

To represent an ion, the charge on the ion is written as a right _____ next to the element symbol. If the charge is a number other than one, the number is usually written _____ the positive or negative sign.

superscript; before

Greek numerical prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of a particular element present in a covalent compound. Four atoms of the same element will be named with the prefix ______________, while the prefix ______________ is used to indicate two atoms of the same element.

tetra;di

A mixture contains _____ or more different substances. A mixture is NOT a pure substance, and its components can be separated by _____ means.

two; physical

Match each of the following experiments/observations with the information it contributed to the nuclear model of the atom.

1. Thomson's experiments with cathode rays- The discovery that atoms can be divided into smaller particles 2. Millikan's oil-drop experiments - The determination of the charge on a single electron 3. Rutherford's gold-foil experiment- The discovery of the nucleus of the atom

Each element can be represented by an atomic symbol with the format X Z/A. Match each component of this symbol with its correct meaning.

1. Z- Atomic number: the number of protons in the nucleus 2. A- Mass number: the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus 3. X- Atomic symbol: the element symbol found in the periodic table

Co 27/59 isotope has ____ protons, ____ electrons, and ____ neutrons.

27; 27; 32

An unknown element has two isotopes: one whose mass is 68.926 amu (60.00% abundance) and the other whose mass is 70.925 amu (40.00% abundance). The average atomic mass of the element is equal to _____.

69.73

Which of the following statements correctly defines a molecule?

A molecule is an independent structure consisting of two or more atoms covalently bonded together.

Differences in isotopic abundance ratios have been found for some elements depending on their source. IUPAC has given these elements ______ values to reflect these variations.

Atomic-mass interval

It is common to represent an element using its atomic symbol, which is an abbreviation based on its name. The __________ number, given by the symbol Z, is written as a left subscript while the ___________ number, given by the symbol A, is written as a left superscript next to the atomic symbol.

Atomic;mass

Which of the following are compounds?

CH lower exponent 4 FeCl lower exponent 3 N lower exponent 2 O lower exponent 5 CuO

The term "molecule" is used to describe the basic unit of a(n) __________ compound. Some elements are also composed of molecules. This term cannot be used to describe a(n) ___________ compound, which consists instead of a continuous three-dimensional array of _________

Covalent;ionic;ions

Mass is conserved in a chemical reaction. This observation is reflected in Dalton's postulate that atoms cannot be __________ or destroyed, or changed into other types of atoms. Since each type of atom has its own ________ atomic mass, the total mass cannot change in a chemical reaction.

Created;fixed

A compound consists of two or more different _________ that are chemically bonded together in fixed proportions. A compound can be broken down into simpler substances, a process that involves a(n) _________ change.

Elements;Chemical

The anion formed by the element fluorine is called __________, and the anion formed by the element chlorine is called ___________

Fluoride;Chloride

Rutherford's famous experiment involved bombarding a piece of _____________ foil with __________ particles, which were known to be heavy and positively charged. The pathway of these particles was tracked by allowing them to strike a zinc-sulfide screen after interacting with the foil.

Gold;Alpha

Select the correct statements for key terms and ideas regarding the components of matter.

Heterogeneous mixtures have visible parts and differing regional composition. Components in a mixture retain their properties. Elements are composed of one type of atom.

Which of the following is the monatomic ion formed by an atom of nitrogen?

N3-

Which of the following formulas for ionic compounds are written correctly?

NaNO3 Mg3(PO4)2 CaCO3

Which of the following nonmetals exist as diatomic molecules at room temperature?

Nitrogen Fluorine Oxygen

Which of the following is the correct name for the covalent compound NO2?

Nitrogen dioxide

Which of the following is the correct symbol for the oxide anion, which has a charge of -2?

O exponent 2 -

What is the correct common (trivial) name for SnO?

Stannous oxide

The compound MgS is correctly named magnesium __________

Sulfide

Which of the following correctly defines a formula unit?

The simplest ratio representing the relative numbers of cations and anions in an ionic compound.

True or false: After the completion of a chemical reaction, the number of substances may have changed but the amount of matter remains constant.

True

Which transition metals usually form only one monoatomic cation?

Zn Cd Ag

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same _____ number but a different _____ number. This is because isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of _____.

atomic; mass; neutrons

When naming a binary covalent compound, the number of ___________of each element is indicated by a Greek __________. The first element in the name is numbered only when more than ____________ atom of that element is present.

atoms;prefix;one

A molecule is an independent structure composed of two or more atoms chemically __________ together. A molecule composed of two atoms of the same element is called a(n) _________ molecule.

bonded;diatomic

The compound Cu2O is correctly named _____.

copper(I) oxide

Two atoms may bond by sharing electrons. This type of bond is called a(n) __________ bond.

covalent

The term molecular mass can only be applied to a(n) __________compound since _____________ compounds do not consist of molecules. The correct term that is applicable to all types of compounds is ___________ mass.

covalent; ionic; formula

Thomson's experiments with cathode rays determined that atoms contained even smaller particles called _____, which have a _____ charge.

electrons; negative

Many polyatomic ions are oxoanions, containing a nonmetal bonded to one or more oxygen atoms. If there are two such ions in a family, the ion with _____ oxygen atoms is named with the suffix -ite while the ion with _____ oxygen atoms is given the suffix -ate.

fewer; more

Formula and molecular masses are calculated using the chemical ____________ of the relevant compound, and the atomic masses obtained from the __________ table. The __________ of the atomic masses in the correct proportions gives the formula or molecular mass of the compound.

formula; periodic; total

The atomic-mass ___________ is used to define the atomic mass of elements that have very large variations in isotopic composition depending on their source.

interval

Elements combine in two general ways. In _____ compounds electrons are transferred from one element to the other, while in _____ compounds the electrons are shared between the atoms.

ionic; covalent

What is the correct name of the ionic compound Li3N?

lithium nitride

In the formation of ionic compounds a metal will _____ electrons and a nonmetal will _____ electrons to form ions that have the same number of electrons as the nearest _____ _____.

lose; gain; noble gas

Rutherford conducted a famous experiment in which α particles were fired at a piece of gold foil. A few α particles were reflected by the foil, leading Rutherford to the conclusion that the atom contains a small, extremely dense region in which most of the atom's ___________ is concentrated. He called this central region the _________ of the atom.

mass;Nucleus

Ions with higher charges attract or repel each other _____ strongly than ions with lower charges. Ions with higher charges therefore form ionic bonds with _____ strength. Larger ions attract or repel each other _____ strongly than smaller ions. Larger ions therefore form ionic bonds with _____ strength.

more; greater; less; lower

A unit that contains two or more atoms covalently bonded together but that has an overall charge is called a(n) _____ ion. Many _____ compounds contain such units.

polyatomic; ionic

Each element has a unique number of ___________, which is called the atomic number. For an electrically neutral atom, this number is also equal to the number of ___________ present.

protons;electrons

The law of multiple proportions states that if two elements A and B combine to form two compounds, the different masses of B that combine with a fixed mass of A are ______.

the ratio of small whole numbers

Cathode rays bend toward a positively charged plate because ______.

they consist of negative particles

Which of the following statements correctly describe compounds?

*A compound has a fixed mass ratio of its components. *A compound contains a fixed number of atoms in its formula.

Which of the following statements correctly describe a mixture?

*A mixture may contain both elements and compounds. *A mixture is not considered a pure substance. *A mixture can vary in its composition.

Which of the following statements correctly describe an element?

*An element consists of only one kind of atom. *An element may consist of two or more of the same atoms bonded together.

Which of the following options correctly describe Dalton's atomic theory?

*Atoms of the same element are identical. *All matter consists of atoms. *Compounds result from the combination of a specific ratio of atoms of different elements.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the observations that led to the development of the nuclear model of the atom?

*The discovery of cathode rays led to an understanding that the atom contains smaller particles. *Rutherford determined that the main mass of the atom is concentrated in a central region. *Thomson measured the mass/charge ratio for an electron.

Which of the following correctly describe atomic structure?

*The protons and neutrons together comprise most of the mass of the atom. *The nucleus comprises a very small fraction of the total volume of the atom. *The number of protons equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom.

Analysis of a sample of the mineral fluorite shows that 2.76 g of fluorite contains 1.42 g of Ca. The only other element present is F. Which of the following options correctly describe fluorite, which is a pure substance? Select all that apply.

*This sample of fluorite contains 1.34 g of F. *The mass fraction of Ca in any sample of fluorite is given by 1.42/2.76

Which of the following options correctly describe the results of the experiments performed by Thomson and Millikan?

*Thomson studied the behavior of cathode rays. *Millikan measured the electrical charge of oil droplets. *Millikan's work allowed the charge of the electron to be calculated.

Which of the following options correctly describe hydrated ionic compounds?

1. A Greek prefix is used to indicate the number of H2O molecules per formula unit. 2. A hydrate has a specific number of water molecules associated with each formula unit. 3. Heating a hydrate can remove some or all of the water molecules.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the formation of binary ionic compounds?

1. A binary ionic compound typically forms when a metal reacts with a nonmetal. 2. A binary ionic compound results from the combination of anions and cations. 3. The metal atoms transfer electrons to the nonmetal atoms.

Classify each of the samples of matter according to type as indicated.( A,B,C,D)

1. A- Compound 2. B- Element 3. C-t Diatomic element 4. D - Mixture

An atom may lose or gain electrons to form an ion

1. An ion with more electrons than its neutral atom is called a(n)- anion. 2. An ion with fewer electrons than its neutral atom is called a(n)- cation. 3. The charge of an ion with more electrons than its neutral atom is- negative. 4. The charge of an ion with fewer electrons than its neutral atom is- positive.

Which of the following options correctly describe how acids are named?

1. Binary acids have the prefix hydro- to specify that they contain hydrogen. 2. Oxoacids are named similarly to oxoanions except the suffix is changed from -ate to -ic and -ite to -ous. 3. Binary acids contain the nonmetal root and then the suffix -ic.

Match each oxoanion with its correct name, using the naming conventions for families containing four oxoanions.

1. BrO4- = Perbromate 2. BrO3- = Bromate 3. BrO2-= Bromite 4. BrO- = Hypobromite

Using the periodic table, determine the number of electrons most commonly lost or gained by each element when it forms an ion.

1. Ca- Loses 2 2. S- Gains 2 3. F- Gains 1 4. K- Loses 1

Match each type of substance with the correct description.

1. Element- Simplest substance that contains only one type of atom 2. Compound- A substance consisting of chemically combined atoms from two or more elements 3. Mixture- Consists of two or more substances physically combined

Match each of the following types of element with the correct description.

1. Metal- An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity, has a shiny surface, and is malleable and ductile 2. Nonmetal- An element that is generally a gas or a dull brittle solid at room temperature, and is a poor conductor of heat and electricity 3. Metalloid- An element that has properties between those of metals and nonmetals

The correct formula for the compound dichlorine pentoxide is C _______________O____________. Enter your answer in the correct form, but do not attempt to use subscripts or superscripts.

2;5

Match each type of element with its location on the periodic table.

3. Metals Large blue area to the left of the "stair step" 2. Nonmetals- Small yellow area to the right of the "stair step" 1. Metalloids- Narrow green strip located on both sides of the stair step

A particular isotope of an element is represented by the symbol Cl 17/36. The mass number of this isotope is equal to ___________, and this number represents the total number of protons plus ___________ in the nucleus. The atomic number of this isotope is equal to____________, and this number represents the number of ___________ in the nucleus.

36;neutrons;17;protons

Mercury has seven stable isotopes. The most abundant is Hg 202/80 which has ____ protons, ____ electrons, and ____ neutrons.

80;80;122

How does Dalton's atomic theory account for the fact that different samples of the same compound always contain a fixed mass percentage of its component elements?

A given compound always contains a fixed ratio of its component elements.

Which statement correctly describes the procedure used to predict the ion formed by a main-group element?

A metal loses enough electrons to attain the same number of electrons as its nearest noble gas.

Which of the following options correctly describes how straight-chain alkanes are named?

Alkanes are named with the root based on the number of carbon atoms followed by the suffix -ane.

Dalton's atomic theory stated that matter consists of tiny indestructible particles called ___________, which combine in definite ratios to form _____________.

Atoms;Compounds

Dalton's atomic theory stated that matter consists of tiny indestructible particles called ____________, which combine in definite ratios to form ________________.

Atoms;compounds

A(n) ________ contains only one type of atom, whereas a(n) ___________ is composed of two or more different elements bonded together. A(n) ____________ also contains more than one substance, but these can be separated by physical means, whereas the components of a compound cannot.

Element;compound;mixture

An atom is composed of a very dense central ___________containing __________, which are positively charged, and neutrons, which have __________ electrical charge.

Nucleus;proton;neutral

Which of the following formulas correctly identify the usual form of each element at room temperature?

P exponent 4 Cl exponent 2 O exponent 2

Which of the following options are correct names for ionic compounds?

Potassium chloride Copper(II) oxide

Select the correct statements for key terms and ideas regarding the components of matter. Select all that apply.

Substances have a fixed composition throughout. Homogeneous mixtures have the same composition throughout. Covalent compounds consist of atoms bonded by electron pairs mutually attracted to both nuclei.

Most elements occur in compounds combined with other elements by forming chemical ___________, which are formed by the interaction of the ___________ of the atoms involved.

bonds;electrons

the atomic mass unit is a standardized unit defined as exactly 1/12 the mass of a(n) ___________-12 atom. The atomic mass (weight) of any element is determined relative to this standard and is not a whole number, since it is a(n) __________of the masses of its naturally occurring isotopes.

carbon;average

When naming an ionic compound, the ________ is always named first. To name the anion, the root of the nonmetal name is added to the suffix -______________. The anion O2- is therefore named ___________.

cation;ide;oxide

The ionic compound CrCl3 is correctly named _____

chromium(III) chloride

The charged particle that forms when an atom, or small group of atoms, loses or gains one or more _____________ is called an ion. An ion with a positive charge is called a(n) ____________ while an ion with a negative charge is a(n) ___________.

electrons;cation;anion

In a given chemical compound, the component _____ are present in _____ proportions by mass, regardless of the source of the compound.

elements; fixed

Al (atomic number 13) _____ 3 electrons to form the Al exponent 3 + ion, which therefore contains a total of _____ electrons.

loses; 10

Lithium bromide (LiBr) is an ionic compound. The metal lithium __________ an electron to form the cation Li+ and the nonmetal bromine ___________ an electron to form the anion Br-. The ions are held together by a strong _________ attraction in a 3D array called a crystal lattice.

loses;gains;electrostatic

Water (H2O) contains 8.0 g O for every 1.0 g of H and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contains 16.0 g O for every 1.0 g of H. Therefore, the ratio of the masses of oxygen that combine with a fixed amount of hydrogen in the two compounds is a small whole number ratio of 2:1. This is an example of the law of _____.

multiple proportions

The elements in the modern periodic table are arranged in order of increasing atomic __________.The vertical columns of the table are called ____________ or families, and the horizontal rows are called __________.

number;groups;periods

An ionic compound is formed when ions of _________ charge attract. An ionic compound is __________ overall even though it contains charged particles; therefore it must contain equal numbers of positive and negative __________.

opposite;neutral;charges

The common name for the compound H2O is ____________, while the compound NH3 is commonly known as _____________.

water;ammonia

Match each formula or model used to represent molecules with the correct description.

1. Molecular formula- Element symbols with numerical subscripts to give the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule 2. Structural formula- Shows the relative placement and connections of atoms in a molecule with either pairs of dots for electrons or a line to represent the bonds 3. Ball-and-stick model- Shows the atoms as balls and the bonds as sticks with the angles between the bonds accurate 4. Space-filling model- Shows an accurately scaled image of the molecule with spheres giving the relative size of the atoms, angles, and distance between nuclei

Rutherford's gold foil experiment was very important in developing the nuclear model of the atom. Which of the following statements correctly describe the observations made and the implications of each for atomic structure?

1. Most α particles passed straight through the foil, implying that the atom consists largely of empty space. 2. A few α particles showed major deflections, indicating the presence of a dense central core within the atom.

Some covalent compounds are so common that they are named using "common" or "trivial" names instead of systematic names. Match each of the following compounds with its correct name.

1. NH3 = Ammonia 2. H2O= Water 3. CH4= Methane

Which of the following statements correctly describe the bonding in NaCl, which is an ionic compound?

1. Na loses an electron to form the cation Na+. 2. Ionic bonds generally form when a metal bonds to a nonmetal. 3. The attraction between the oppositely charged ions is called the ionic bond.

Classify each element correctly according to the group it belongs to.

1. Ne- Noble gas 2. Na- Alkali metal 3. Ca- Alkaline earth metal 4. Cl- Halogen

Match each component of the atom with the correct description.

1. Nucleus- Small region that contains almost all of the mass of an atom 2. Electron- Negatively charged particle 3. Proton- Positively charged particle found within the center of the atom 4. Neutron- Uncharged dense particle located in the center of the atom

Classify each element correctly according to its general position on the periodic table.

1. S- Nonmetal 2. Cu- Transition metal 3. Ca- Main-group metal 4. Si- Metalloid

Which of the following combinations of elements would form an ionic bond?

1. Sodium and chlorine 2.Calcium and oxygen 3. Iron and sulfur

Which of the following options correctly describe how to calculate a molecular or formula mass for a compound?

1. The atomic mass of a cation or anion is practically the same as the mass of the neutral element. 2. In a formula such as Ca(NO3)2, all the numbers of atoms inside the parentheses must be multiplied by 2 because of the subscript 2. 3. The formula/molecular mass is given by the sum of the masses of the component elements in the correct proportions.

Which of the following options correctly describe a polyatomic ion?

1. The charge on a polyatomic ion belongs to the whole unit. 2. The atoms of a polyatomic ion are held together by covalent bonds.

Which of the following options correctly describe the mass number of an element?

1. The mass number of an element is given the symbol A. 2. The mass number is given by the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. 3. The mass number is often written as a left superscript next to the atomic symbol.

Common or trivial names are sometimes used to name metal cations.

1. The metal cation with the lower charge has the suffix- -ous. 2. The metal cation with the higher charge has the suffix- -ic. 3. Fe2+ is named- ferrous. 4. Fe3+ is named- ferric.

Which of the following options correctly describe how to name a binary covalent compound?

1. The name of the first element remains unchanged, except for the addition of a prefix where appropriate. 2. A Greek numerical prefix is used to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound, except mono- is never used with the first element. 3. The second element is named with its root and the suffix -ide.

Which of the following options correctly describe Rutherford's experiment?

1. The pathway followed by the α particles was tracked using a zinc-sulfide screen. 2. This experiment used α particles to probe atomic structure. 3. An α particle was known at this time to be positively charged

Which of the following options correctly describe mixtures?

1. The proportions of the components can vary. 2. he components of a mixture are not chemically bonded together. 3. The components can be separated by physical means.

The atomic mass unit _______.

1. is often abbreviated as amu 2. is based on the mass of an atom of C 12/6

The atomic mass unit is defined as _______.

1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Which of the following ion combinations will result in an ionic compound that has a balanced number of positive and negative charges?

2 Li+ and S2- Ca2+ and 2 F- Na+ and Br-