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All are true of the endoplasmic reticulum except: They are always associated with ribosomes They synthesize protein They synthesize lipids They occur in the cytoplasm

They are always associated with ribosomes

All are true of proteins except: They have a glycerol nucleus They contain C, H, O, N, and S They have peptide bonds They are destroyed by excessive heat

They contain C, H, O, N, and S

Which is NOT true of fats? They are often found in the form of triglycerides They may be liquid or solid They contain C, H, O, and P They are found in cholesterol

They contain C, H, O, and P

The function of the nucleus is: To direct cellular activity To form complex amino acids To direct lipid synthesis Nono of the above

To direct cellular activity

If the DNA gene reads ATTCCGAC, the m-RNA copy would read: UAAGGCUG TUUGGCUG UTTGGCTG None of the above

UAAGGCUG

If the m-RNS codon reads AUG, then the t-RNA anticodon would be: TAC UAC UTC None of the above

UAC .. again... we're pairing RNA to RNA, so there is no nucleotide Thymine, Uracil is present instead

The golgi apparatus: Is located within the nucleus Is used to extract teeth by primitive south american tribes Is involved in packaging and transporting products made by the cell None of the above

. is involved in packaging and transporting products made by the cell

If a 0.9% NaCl solution were isotonic to the internal environment of a cell, then (hint-0.9 is less than 1.0) 1.5% would be hypotonic 0.5% would be hypertonic 1.3% would be hypertonic 1.0%would be hypotonic

1.3% would be hypertonic

There are (?) amino acids in biological systems: 20 17 19 23

20

The final yield from cellular respiration (as presented in your notes) is ____ ATPs. 20 15 38 48 10

38

Mitochondria Indicate a cells activity by the number of them present in the cell Convert glucose to ATP Are found in the nucleus A and B

A and B

Which is true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? Has ribosomes attached Synthesize lipid Transports protein A and C

A and C

The rate of metabolism may vary among: Age groups Sex (gender) Different species All of the above

All of the above

Water is important biologically because: It is a good solvent It has high surface tension It has high heat capacity All of the above

All of the above

All are true of an inorganic molecule except: Contain metals and non- metals Use ionic bonding Are small in size Always contain carbon

Always contain carbon

In nature, there are 20 of these and they all have a chemically unique structure despite some similarities. These are also the "building blocks" of proteins Peptides Sterols Amino acids phosphates

Amino acids

What is the name of the metabolic "process" associated with making / assembling large molecules? Cori cycle Glycolysis Anabolism transcription

Anabolism

The pH of arterial blood is close to neutral. Which of the following would be appropriate? 5.0 7.0 1.0 13.0

B. 7.0

Carbohydrates contain which of the following elements in a 1:2:1 ratio? C N O C H O H C P H C N

CHO

The discs between the vertebrae of the spine represent which type of joint listed below? Pivot Cartilaginous Hinge fibrous

Cartilaginous

The discs between the vertebrae of the spine represent which type of joint listed below? Pivot Cartilaginous Hinge fibrous

Cartilaginous

Lysosome: Contain hydrolytic / digestive enzymes Reside in the nucleus of the cell Function in autolysis (destruction of the cell) A and B

Contain hydrolytic / digestive enzymes

atoms which are bonded to each other by sharing their valence electrons are said to have (?) binded. Ionic Compound Covalent isotonic

Covalent

Which particle is NOT found in the nucleus of an atom? Proton Electron Neutron orbital

Electron

The fontanels of an infant skull are ossified at the time of birth True False

False

The specific chemical coding for protein synthesis is determined by: Charge Carbon sequence Genes in the DNA molecule Hydrogen bonds

Genes in the DNA molecule

An ion is an atom or molecule that: Is a gas Has an electrical charge Forms a visible glow Has no polar attraction

Has an electrical charge

during protein synthesis, a message is sent to the nucleus of a cell requesting the production of a particular protein. This means that a specific chain of amino acids will need to e formed. The DNA codes for all proteins the body will need, and will only unwrap or unravel itself to reveal the code for the specific protein being asked for.

If the entire strand was copied, we would not have protein synthesis, but rather human cloning every time that we tried to produce a protein

The response of an organism to a stimulus illustrates the characteristic of life termed: Movement Irritability Irrationality Reproduction

Irritability

The characteristic number and appearance of chromosomes is unique for each species and is called the: Cytokinesis Zygote Karyotype lpmat

Karyotype

The sum of all chemical activity in the cell is known as: Tonicity Irritability Metabolism digestion

Metabolism

cellular respiration (production of ATP) is beat associated with which organelle? Mitochondria Nucleus Chloroplast lysosome

Mitochondria

Which of the following is not one of the four primary tissues? Connective tissue Cartilage tissue Epithelial tissue Muscle tissue

Muscle tissue

which of the following is not an organic compound? Protein NaCl (sodium chloride) Nucleic acid Lipid

NaCl (sodium chloride)

When pyruvic acid enters the mitochondria. It combines with which of the following to form Citric Acid? Alcohol Lactic acid Ketones Oxaloacetate ammonia

Oxaloacetate

The type of bond that is found linking amino acids together in a protein is called: An unusual bond High energy bond Carbon bond Peptide bond

Peptide bond

anaerobic respiration (read carefully): Prevents glycolysis from occurring Produces lactic acid (animals) Produces a net gain of zero ATP None of the above

Produces lactic acid (animals)

Nucleic acids are most similar in chemical structure to : Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Noon of the above

Proteins

All are true of meiosis EXCEPT: There are multiple steps in the cell division process It is a "reduction" division process Resulting daughter cells are diploid Occurs in sex cell formation Produces sperm and eggs in humans

Resulting daughter cells are diploid

The molecule acted on during anenzymatic reaction is called a Enzyme isomer Substrate Phagocyte None of the above

Substrate

Which of the following bones has a "mastoid process"? Spheniod Temporal Frontal occipital

Temporal

lipids can usually pass through cell membrane easily because: The membrane is made of protein They contain nitrogen They are very large molecules The membrane is made of lipid (phospholipid)

The membrane is made of lipid (phospholipid)

Biology can be defined as: a> The study of life b> The study of mammals c> The study of cells D> The study of tissues

a> The study of life

The lower the Ph: The greater the H+ concentration The more acidic the solution The lower the pH number All of the above

all of the above

the food we eat provides the building blocks to make: Proteins Enzymes Energy (ATP) All of the above

all of the above

Nucleotides Contain N, H, C and S Store energy in low energy bonds Are the bases for nucleic acids Are very simple organic molecules

are the bases for nucleic acids

Centrioles: a>Are inside the nucleus b>Function in cell division c>Are responsible for cellular respiration d>Contain hydrolytic enzymes which can digest foreign e>particles in the cell

b>Function in cell division

controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell; phospholipid bilayer

cell membrane

plays a role in cellular reproduction and specifically, spindle fiber formation

centriole

carries out photosynthesis

chloroplast

All are true of Organic Compounds except: Contain carbon Are large and complex molecules Contain metals Contain hydrogen

contain metals

If anaerobic cellular respiration takes place and lactic acid is formed, the ____ cycle in the liver converts the lactic acid back into glucose - 6 - phosphate. Citric acid Cori Mitotic Pyruvate

cori

The animal cell membrane is composed of : Cellulose Carbohydrate Lipid Double layer of phospholipids and protein channels

double layer of phospholipids and protein channels

Most of the ATP produced during aerobic cellular respiration is yielded during which of the following processes, by using / processing the high energy electrons carried by NADH and FADH2? Krebs cycle Electron transport chain Glycolysis Anaerobic respiration

electron transport chain

A cell that is NOT undergoing mitotic division is said to be in metaphase. True False

false

All enzymes are proteins True False

false

All of the ATP molecules formed by one unit of glucose are created in the electron system. (That would mean no ATP is produced directly in Glycolysis or the Citric Acid Cycle) True False

false

Anabolism is a peculiar form of aggressive behavior exhibited by an aboriginal tribe in Australia. True False

false

Cells produced by meiosis and mitosis have identical karyotypes. True False

false

Cytoplasm is mostly composed of protein. True False

false

During protein synthesis the entire strand of DNA is copied. True False

false

During the anaphase stage of mitosis, the replicated chromosomes line up in the center of the dividing cell. true false

false

Enzymes are rendered useless after participating in a chemical reaction True False

false

Even though the nose is mostly made up of cartilage, there is a right and left "nasal" bone True false

false

Hyaline cartilage is found only on the ends of long bones. True False

false

Hyperplasia is an increase in the size of the cells and represents true growth in living systems. True False

false

It is possible for identical twins to have different fathers (two different sperm cells result in fertilization). True False

false

Metabolism refers only to processes in the body which result in building structures. True False

false

One of the reasons enzymes facilitate reactions in cells is that they lower the temperature at which the reaction will take place True False

false

Phagocytosis is a rare form of bad breath. True False

false

The fontanels of an infant skull are ossified at the time of birth True False

false

The golgi apparatus (body) is an ingenious device that is commonly used in Wyoming to extract weasels from rock piles. True False

false

The hip and shoulder joints are examples of "hinge" joint True False

false

The hip and shoulder joints are examples of "hinge" joints True False

false

The nucleotide bases are exactly the same in DNA and RNA. True False

false

The segment of the DNA strand which gets copied during transcription is called the centromere True False

false

ciliated columnar epithelium is found in the urinary tract >true or false

false

r-RNA gathers amino acids from the cytoplasm and carries them to the m-RMS strand until the protein chain is complete. True False

false

the nuclear membrane is present and visible in all stages of mitosis >true or false

false

In cellular respiration, the body's desired "fuel" for glycolysis is: Glucose Citric acid NADH / FADH Lipid

glucose

Which step of cellular respiration occurs directly in the cytoplasm rather than inside the mitochondria? Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport system None of the above

glycolysis

responsible for processing, packaging and secretion of cellular products (post office)

golgi complex

In the (?). Electron carriers (NADH / FADH2) are the primary products: Krebs cycle Cellular respiration cycle Glycolysis cycle Electron transport chain

krebs cycle

responsible for autolysis and phagocytosis (cellular digestion)

lysosome

Produces ATP

mitochondria

Both plant and animal cells have mitochondria because they both: Carry on photosynthesis Have a large central vacuole Have endoplasmic reticulum Need energy in the form of ATP

need energy in the form of ATP

stores RNA in the nucleus. seen as a dark spot inside the nucleus

nucleolus

directs protein synthesis and basic cellular processes

nucleus

During mitosis, the ______ stage is characterized by a disappearance of the nuclear membrane and a shortening of chromosomes. Prophase Metaphase Telophase Anaphase

prophase

protein synthesis

ribosome

If a cell lacked ribosomes, it could not: Phagocytize Synthesize protein Respire Hydrolyze fat

synthesize protein

cytokinesis (cleavage of the cytoplasm) is associated with which stage of mitosis? a> prophase b> metaphase c> telophase d> interphase

telophase

Which of the following bones has a "mastoid process"? Spheniod Temporal Frontal occipital

temporal

Which of these statements about enzymes is true? The shape of their active site can change at any time with no functional consequence Boiling (high temperatures) will not affect their activity The will participate in / catalyze only one specific reaction (usually) They are unaffected by errors in protein synthesis

they will participate in / catalyze only one specific reaction (usually)

Adipose tissue can be used to produce ATP. True False

true

All 20 amino acids are contained in animal food sources, making them "complete" sources of protein. True False

true

All cells are capable of mitotic division and do so on a regular basic. True False

true

Catabolism is a component of metabolism which involves the breakdown of structures or substances. True False

true

Denaturation is the destruction of protein by heat or chemical means. True False

true

During anaerobic cellular respiration the body tries to make ATP without oxygen. As a result, lactic acid is produced instead of pyruvic acid, and the liver must go through the "Cori Cycle". True False

true

During cellular respiration, the Citric Acid / Krebs cycle yields the most NADH molecules. True False

true

During cellular respiration, the production of high energy electron carriers (NADH) is critical for the eventual production of ATP. True False

true

During mitosis, the final step of separating the cytoplasm of the two newly formed cells is known as cytokinesis. True False

true

Energy is component of the universe and produces motion or a change in matter. True False

true

Enzymes reduce the amount of energy required to start chemical reaction (activation energy). True False

true

Even though the nose is mostly made up of cartilage, there is a right and left "nasal" bone True false

true

Homeostasis is variation within normal limits for a physiological function. True False

true

In the process of protein synthesis, peptide bonds join together the amino acid which have been brought to the m-RNA strand by the t-RNA true false

true

Meiosis is the division of parent cells to produce sperm and eggs. True False

true

Not only glucose, but also fat, can be metabolized (chemically changed) to produce ATP True False

true

Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) are responsible for the transfer of genetic information by participating in transcription and translation. true false

true

Simple columnar epithelial tissue lines the intestinal tract and has mucus producing goblet cells in its structure. True False

true

The cell is the basic unit of life. True False

true

The cell of bone tissue is called an osteocyte. True False

true

The functional unit of bone is known as an Osteon True False

true

The functional unit of bone is known as an Osteon. >True or False

true

The idea that all life must come from pre-existing life is called biogenesis. True False

true

The lock and key theory of enzyme specificity is based in the shape of both enzyme and the substrate molecule True False

true

The loss of the nuclear membrane in mitosis is seen during prophase True False

true

The molecule needed to begin step 1 of cellular respiration (glycolysis) is glucose True False

true

The sutures between the bones of the skull are classified as joints, even though they are immovable after infancy. These are known as "fibrous" joints. True false

true

The sutures between the bones of the skull are classified as joints, even though they are immovable after infancy. These are known as "fibrous" joints. True false

true

There are 4 distinct level of protein structure. True False

true

denaturation is the destruction of protein by heat or chemical means True False

true

m-RNA is located in the cell's nucleolus, while the other types of RNA are found in the cytoplasm. True False

true

simple squamous epithelial tissue is found lining cavities and chambers in the body >true or false

true

the "intercalated disc" is found in cardiac muscle tissue and functions to enable the cardiac muscle cells to contract all together as one unit. >true or false

true

provides storage space inside the cell

vacuole


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