Lecture Quiz 1 Chp 1&2

If an atom has an atomic number of 17 and a mass number of 35, the number of neutrons in its nucleus equals .......

18

Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 14. How many valence electrons does it have?

5

Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 14. how many valence electrons does it have?

5

Valence electrons:

All of the above

Linking together amino acids to form a protein chain is an example of

Anabolism

Choose the term that would make the following sentence correct. The sternum is ........ to the heart.

Anterior

Which region is the hypogastric region? (input picture here)

C

Which directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure?

Distal

Which of the following is not a human organ system?

Epithelial

All molecules are compounds. True or false?

False

Sodium, which has an atomic number of 11, will react with chlorine, which has an atomic number of 17. When these two atoms react, both become stable. To become stable, sodium will ____________, while chlorine will ____________.

Give up one electron, accept one electron

Sodium, which has an atomic number of 11, will react with chlorine, which has an atomic number of 17. When these two atoms react, both become stable. To become stable, the sodium atom will ....., while the chlorine atom will ......... .

Give up one electron; accept one electron

Which of the following is a monosaccharide that is used by cells to produce energy?

Glucose

A difference in pressure or chemical concentration between 1 point and another is called a pressure or concentration ............ .

Gradient

Which of the following is considered a molecule and a compound

H20

Which of the following is considered a molecule and a compound?

H20

Which of the following is not found in the abdominal cavity?

Heart

Which relatively weak type of bond helps stabilize the three dimensional structure of large molecules like proteins and DNA?

Hydrogen

Water molecules are attracted to one another by ....... bonds.

Hydrogen Bonds

Which of the following does not describe a body process that is controlled using a positive feedback mechanism?

Increasing blood pressure in response to low blood pressure

Which directional term means farther from the midline?

Lateral

The macromolecule that have the primary function of energy storage, insulation and shock absorption belong to the category known as

Lipids

Which of the following structures contains the control center for the feedback system that regulates blood pressure?

Medulla Oblongata

Hydrogen bonding is very important in maintaining the structure of?

Nucleic Acids and proteins

Which of the following is an anion?

OH-

Which of the following represents the largest and most complex level of structural organization in the human body?

Organismal level

What is the name of the outer layer of the serous membrane that surrounds the heart?

Parietal pericardium

Which serous membrane covers the viscera within the abdominal cavity, and lines the abdominal wall and the inferior surface of the diaphragm?

Peritoneum

Which of the following is a common function of RNA

Protein synthesis

The most abundant organic compounds in the body are

Proteins

To change an atom into an atom of a different element, you would need to change the number of.....

Protons

Feeling the presence of a mosquito biting your arm is an example of

Responsiveness

Blood pH averages 7.4 but fluctuates from 7.35 to 7.45. A pH of 7.4 can therefore be considered the _____ for this variable

Set point

Choose the correct order for a feedback system:

Stimulus, receptor, control center, effector, response

Which of the following statements are false concerning negative feedback mechanisms?

They are stimulatory and produce destabilizing effects ad disrupt homeostasis.

This type of lipid is the body's primary long-term energy storage molecule.

Triglyceride

The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal region. True or False?

True

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of a negative feedback system?

Usually requires an event outside the feedback system to shut it off

What is the most abundant inorganic compound in the body?

Water

The removal of the third phosphate group from ATP would

Yield a large amount of energy

The removal of a high energy phosphate group would yield

a large amount of energy

linking together amino acids to form a protein chain is an example of

anabolism

The sternum is ...... to the heart.

anterior

The number of protons in an atom is represented by an element's

atomic number

chemical solutions that resist changes in pH are called

buffers

....... are made up of monosaccharides.

carbohydrates

Which of the following is not one of the 4 basic types of tissues found in the body?

cardiovascular tissue

Which of the following is not one of the 4 basic types of tissues found in the human body?

cardiovascular tissue

Which of the following is not one of the four basic types of tissues found in the human body?

cardiovascular tissue

The lowest level that exhibits the characteristics of life is

cells

Which of these carbohydrates is impossible for humans to digest?

cellulose

A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback mechanism would be:

childbirth

What type of reaction is represented in the following chemical equation? AB ----> A+B

decomposition reaction

What type of reaction is represented in the following chemical equation? AB --> A+B

decomposition reaction

The joining of two glucose molecules, with the subsequent removal of water to form maltose is an example of a(n) ........... reaction.

dehydration synthesis

A drastic conformational change in proteins in response to conditions such as extreme heat or pH will lead to loss of a protein's function is called

denaturation

Which feedback system structure receives output from the control center?

effector

Which of the following subatomic particles is shared by 2 atoms to form covalent bonds?

electrons

Polar covalent bonds form when

electrons are not shared equally between the two atoms

Carbohydrates are most important to the body because they serve as primary sources of

energy

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?

frontal

The only polysaccharide made in the human body is ........

glycogen

A difference in pressure or chemical concentration between one point and another is called a pressure or concentration

gradient

The ability of water to col the body is due to its

high heat of vaporization

The ability of water to cool the body is due to its

high heat of vaporization

The attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen of one water molecule to a slightly negative oxygen of another molecule describes a(an) ...... bond.

hydrogen

The only atom that has a nucleus with no neutrons is _________.

hydrogen

Water molecules are attracted to one another by ....... bonds.

hydrogen bonds

A substance capable of dissolving freely in water is

hydrophillic

Which of the following would affect the speed of a chemical reaction?

increased concentration of the reactants, presence of a catalyst, and temperature

atoms or molecules that gain or lose electrons are called

ions

Which directional term means farther from the midline

lateral

Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?

midsagittal

In response to elevated BP, a decrease in heart rate returns BP back to normal. This is an example of

negative feedback

........ are polymers of nucleotides.

nucleic acids

.......... are polymers of nucleotides

nucleic acids

What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons?

nucleus

Which term defines a group of tissues that work together to perform a particular function?

organ

Which term describes the study of functions of body structure?

physiology

A self-amplifying chain of physiological events is called

positive feedback

The macromolecules that function as enzymes, in movement and in transport are ..........

proteins

The number of ...... is always equal to the number of electron in a neutral atom.

protons

The number of ....... is always equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.

protons

To change an atom into an atom of a different element, you would need to change the number of

protons

The function of the secretions of a serous membrane, like the pleura, is to

reduce friction between neighboring organs.

The ability of water to serve as a effective solvent is due to its

strong polarity

A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into

superior and inferior portions

A transverse plane wlil cut the body or organ into

superior and inferior portions

Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 basic types of tissues found in the human body?

synovial tissue

Isotopes of the same element have

the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers

Which of the following NOT a common characteristic of a negative feedback system?

usually requires an event outside the feedback system to shut it off

What is the name of the serous membrane in closest proximity to the lungs?

visceral pleura