Lentz Chapter 3

¡Supera tus tareas y exámenes ahora con Quizwiz!

Physical Property

A characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition

Gas

A form of matter that flows to conform to the shape of its container, fills the container's entire volume, and is easily compressed.

Liquid

A form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its container

Solid

A form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume, is incompressible, and expands only slightly when heated.

Intensive Property

A physical property that remains the same no matter how much of a substance is present.

Extensive Property

A physical property, such as mass, length, and volume, that is dependent upon the amount of substance present.

Phase Change

A transition of matter from one state to another

Phase Change

A(n) ____________ is a transition from one state of matter to another.

Physical Property

Also describes pure substances because substances have uniform and unchanging compositions, they also have consistent and unchanging properties

Solution

Also known as a homogeneous mixture

Extensive Property

An example of an _________________ of matter is mass

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Solid

Because its shape is definite, it might not conform to the shape of the container in which it is placed. If you place a rock into a container, the rock will not take the shape of the container.

Physical Property

Blue Color

Physical Property

Boiling Point

216 Grams

Calculation: In the chemical reaction shown above, what is the beginning mass of mercuric oxide? 2HgO (? Grams) → 2Hg (200 grams) + O2 (16 grams)

Chemical Property

Can Neutralize a Base

External Coniditions

Can affect both physical and chemical properties.

Substance

Can often be identified by its intensive properties. In some cases, a single intensive property is unique enough for identification.

Condensation

Change of a gas to a liquid

Evaporation

Change of a liquid to a gas

Crystallization

Change of a liquid to a solid

Physical Property Appearance

Color Shape Density Mass Volume Temperature Melting / Boiling Points

Liquid

Common Examples are Water, Blood, and Mercury

Gas

Flows to conform to the shape of its container, fills the entire volume, particles are far apart, and easily compressed

Vapor

Gaseous state of a substance that is a liquid or a solid at room temperature.

Physical Property

Hardness

Pure Substance

Has an unchanging composition. Water in the form of steam has an unchanging composition.

Solid

Has its own definite shape and volume

The masses of the gases and water vapor released into the air by the combustion reaction plus the mass of ash equal the mass of the log before burning.

How can the law of conservation of mass apply to a burning log, if all that remains of it is ash? A) The ash has the same mass as the log, although a large percentage of it blows away. B) The law of conservation of mass applies to changes of state but not to chemical reactions. C) The law of conservation of mass applies to substitution and displacement reactions, but not to combustion reactions. D) The masses of the gases and water vapor released into the air by the combustion reaction plus the mass of ash equal the mass of the log before burning.

Products

In the chemical reaction shown above, how do you classify hydrogen and oxygen? 2H₂ + O₂→ 2H₂O

Chemical Property

Iron forming rust when combined with the oxygen in air is an example of a

Steam

Is a vapor because water exists as a liquid at room temperature.

Physical Change

Is any change which alters the physical properties of a substance without changing its composition

Chemical Change

Is any process that involves one or more substances changing into new substances. Also known as a chemical reaction

Liquid

Is matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its container

Substance

Is matter with uniform and unchanging composition (element or compound)

Physical Property

Luster

Physical Property Behavior

Magnesium Ability to Flow Malleable (can be hammered or rolled into sheets) Ductile (can be drawn into wires)

Density

Mass of a substance divided by unit volume

Substance

Matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition

Physical Property

Melting Point

Gas

No fixed volume or shape; Highly compressible; Easy to decrease the volume

Physical Property

Odor

Liquid

Particles are not held in place and can move past each other, in-compressible, and tend to expand when heated

Liquid

Particles are not rigidly held in place and are less closely packed than the particles in a solid.

Solid

Particles packed tightly

Fusion

Physical change of a solid to a liquid at the melting point

Solid

Physical state of a substance

Chemical Property

Reacts with Acid to Form Hydrogen

Chemical Property

Reacts with Water to Form a Gas

Chemical Property

Reacts with a Base to Form Water

Physical Property

Red Color

Solid

Rigid; fixed volume and shape; nearly incompressible

Substance

Salt and Water are examples of a

Substance

Silver is known as a

Physical Property

Solubility

Physical Property

Sour Taste

Solid

State in which atoms or molecules are very close together and are regularly arranged

Gas

State of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress

Liquid

State of matter having a definite volume but no definite shape

Gas

State of matter having no definite volume or shape

Gas

State of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container

Liquid

State of matter that has definite volume and takes the shape of its container

Law of Conservation of Mass

States that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction but is conserved.

Plasma

Super heated, charged ionized gas; found in fluorescent lights, lighting

Chemical Property

Supports Combustion

Chemical Property

The ability of a substance to combine with or change into other substances or inability to change other substances

Chemical Property

The ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into or more new substances.

Extensive and Intensive

Two types of physical properties

Matter

What everything is made of

True Gas

What is a natural gas at room temperature?

Chemical Property

When one substance changes identity, it exhibits a(n)

Steam

Which of the following is a pure substance? A) soda B) gun powder C) sugar water D) steam

Steam

Which of the following is a vapor? A) helium B) hydrogen C) oxygen D) steam

Density

Which of the following is not a state of matter? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) density

Melting

Which of the following is not evidence of a chemical reaction? A) spoiled food B) rust C) melting D) color change

Chemical Property

Will change when the identity of a substance changes.

Solid

Wood, iron, paper, and sugar are all examples.

Chemical Property

Flammability

Liquid

Definite volume, no specific shape, takes form of container, slightly compressible

Physical Property

Density

Intensive Property

Density, Color, Distinctive appearance are examples of the

Extensive Property

Depends on size of sample Ex: volume, length

Chemical Property

Describe a substance's ability to combine without or change into one or more new substances

Substances

Elements and compounds

Intensive Property

Example: The density of a substance (at constant temperature and pressure) is the same no matter how much substance is present.

Chemical Property

Examples: Flammability Formation of Rust Basically Any Ability or Inability to React. Ability to React with Oxygen

States of Matter

The physical forms in which all matter naturally exists on Earth- most commonly as a solid, liquid, or a gas

Solid

The tight packing of particles makes it incompressible; it can't be pressed into a smaller volume.

Plasma

This state of matter consists of electrically charged particles

Chemical Change

This type of change produces a new substance

Physical Property

This type of property can be observed without destroying the substance

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

Three common states of matter

Solid

Tightly packed particles and slightly expands when heated


Conjuntos de estudio relacionados

Ch. 33 Introduction to Invertebrates (Mollusca)

View Set

Sexually Trasmitted Problems NCLEX

View Set

ch.28 Abdominal and genitourinary injuries

View Set

AWS Certified Developer: Monitoring and Troubleshooting

View Set

Chapter 2: What is a Work of Art?

View Set

OB chapter 25 Notecards (Complete, with EVOLVE)

View Set

NUT 10V Chapter 12 Video Questions

View Set