Lesson 1 -- Hunter/Gatherers

How did Men's role change?

--Became responsible for growing food and protecting the village. --Men emerged as family & community leaders.

How did Women's role change?

--Bore children and stayed in the villages. --Made clothes and managed food supplies.

What are some benefits of Settled life?

--Protection from weather and animals. --Greater Security and healthier growing populations. --Villagers grew more crops than they could eat so they traded food for supplies they could not produce themselves.

When the did the most recent ice age begin

100,000 years ago.

How long did the last Ice Age last, and when did it end.

90,000 years it lasted. Ended between 9000 & 8000 B.C.

What did early people have to do to survive the cold?

ADAPT: Adapt their diets, build sturdier shelters, make warmer clothing with animal skins/furs.

Paleolithic cave paintings have been found where?

All over the world

What was another way that early people expressed themselves?

Art

Give some examples of "specialization"

Artisans or skilled workers

Why was it called the Agricultural Revolution?

Because "revolution" refers to a change that has a big effect on peoples way of life.

Wheat and Barley farming moved into India when?

Between 8,000 BC - 5,000 BC

Where is Jericho

Between present day Israel and Jordan...the West Bank.

Craftspeople in Western Asia discovered that by mixing copper and tin they formed what?

Bronze

Before language, how did Paleolithic people communicate?

By sounds and Physical Gestures.

Where did Paleolithic people seek protection from the climate?

Caves and Overhangs

What had a major affect on how Paleolithic People lived?

Climate

During the late Neolithic Age, what metal did people begin to work with?

Cooper

In the Western Hemisphere, people in Mexico and Central America were growing?

Corn, Squash and potatotes.

What was a negative effect of rapid population growth?

Deforestation--wood got used up quickly. Led to desert like conditions and many settlements were abandoned.

To adapt an animal to living with humans for the advantage of humans.

Domesticate

As the ice sheets grew larger what happened to water levels?

Dropped.

Paleolithic relates to what "part" of this period?

Earliest period of the Stone Age

By 4,000 B.C. farming was an established economic activity where?

Europe

What did these statutes and shrines indicate?

Evidence that the role of religion was growing.

True or False: Only the Men & Women looked for Food

FALSE: Everyone worked to find food.

True or False: The spoken language of early people remained unchanged throughout the Paleolithic Age.

FALSE: The language of early people was constantly changing.

True or False: Historians know exactly why early artists made cave art

FALSE: They are not sure.

True or False: By the end of the Paleolithic period, people were making larger, simpler tools?

FALSE: They were making smaller and sharper tools.

What replaced hunting as the main source of food?

Farming

What discovery "sparked" change for Paleolithic people?

Fire

What 'device' did Paleolithic people use for cutting/making things?

Flint

How do Archaeologists believe early humans created fire?

Friction

What covered most of the land during the ice age?

Glaciers

What did early people believe were responsible for a communities survival?

Gods

What was "revolutionary" about this time? What was the big change?

Humans could now produce a constant food supply which allowed the population to grow at a faster rate.

How did Paleolithic people survive? How did they get food?

Hunters & Gatherers

Although new stone tools were made in this period, the real change in this age was the shift from....

Hunting & Gathering to systematic agriculture (farming).

What was one of the oldest communities?

Jericho

What did Paleolithic Men hunt for food?

Large Animals

How did this help Paleolithic People

Made life less difficult. Provided warmth, light in the dark, scared away animals.

By 6,000 BC people in China were growing a grain called?

Millet

What does Neolithic mean in Greek?

Neo (New) lithic (Stone). New Stone Age!

Around 6,000 B.C. people began growing wheat and barley where?

Nile River Valley

Were Neolithic people nomads?

No--they began to stay in one place.

Paleolithic moved from place to place, as a Group, to find food. What is this called?

Nomad

Where did early people display their art?

On the walls of caves

How did early artists create their paints & brushes

Paint--Colored Crush rocks combined with animal fat. Brushes--made from animal hair.

The Early period of Human History called the "Stone Age" because it was a time when people used stone to make tools and weapons.

Paleolithic Age

Who first used technology?

Paleolithic People

What emerged in new civilizations to help explain people's lives?

Religions

By 5,000 BC people in SW Asia were growing?

Rice

Who claimed that their "power" was based on God's approval

Rulers

The biggest and earliest Neolithic farming villages were where?

SW Asia

What was the main activity for Paleolithic People?

Searching for Food

During the Ice Age what moved across Europe, Asia and North America?

Sheets of Ice (Glaciers)

What special buildings were in Catalhuyuk that were decroated with the images of gods and goddesses?

Shrines

The act of training for a specific job

Specialization

What did Paleolithic women do?

Stayed close to camp. Looked after children. Gathered Nuts, Berries, and Grains.

When water levels dropped what appeared to help people travel from Asia to North America

Strips of land (Land Bridge).

True or False: Over time Paleolithic people made better, more complex tools?

TRUE

True or False: The roles of men and women changed when people moved into Settlements

TRUE: They did change.

True or False: The Ice Age posed a grave threat to human life.

TRUE: Very cold! Brrrrrr

An ability gained by the practical use of knowledge.

Technology

What did Paleolithic people learn to make to provide them shelter?

Tents and Huts made from skins, brush and wood.

What did Historians call the settled farming during the Neolithic age?

The Agricultural Revolution

Bronze was stronger than copper and was widely used between 3,000 BC and 1200 BC. What was this period called?

The Bronze Age

What was a long period of extreme cold that affected all of the earth?

The Ice Age

The age that began about 8,000 B.C. and lasted until about 4,000 B.C.

The Neolithic age.

Farming spread into other regions of Africa along where?

The Nile River.

What is systematic Agriculture

The Organized growing of food on a regular schedule.

What was another major advancement that took place during the Paleolithic age that helped with communication?

They developed the spoken language.

How did they find/catch these animals?

They had to develop tracking methods.

What do scholars believe that cave art was created for?

To record the Group's history.

Another community called Catalhuyuk was located where?

Turkey

What tools did they use to create fire?

Two pieces of wood rubbed together. The wood heated & charred and ultimately caught fire.

What did Neolithic people grow?

Vegetables & Grains.

By 8,000 B.C. people in SW Asia began growing what?

Wheat & Barley