Lesson 2 prep test retake

Which of the following best defines an ideal?

a standard that people try to achieve

How do we define governments that receive their "just powers" to rule from the "consent of the governed"?

as democracies

John Locke argued that all people have specific natural rights, which is the idea that

everyone earns certain rights just by being born

When writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson began, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.—That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." -Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, 1776 In these two sentences, Jefferson set forth a vision of new nation based on

ideals.

Which of these ideals refers to the chance for individuals to pursue their hopes and dreams for a better life?

opportunity

According to the Declaration of Independence, where does a government obtain its power from?

the consent of the governed

What was colonist John Smith referring to when he proclaimed that "every man may be master and owner of his owne labour and land"?

the opportunity that was present in America

What idea is democracy based on?

the power to rule comes from the consent of the governed

What was the five-man committee's goal when they set out to write the Declaration of Independence?

to draft a document that would explain to the world why Great Britain's 13 colonies wanted independence

How did people first arrive in the Americas? Explain the most prominent theories.

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How did the world change because of European exploration and conquest? Be detailed in your response giving several examples.

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How has the United States made progress in expanding equality?

A. Many laws today ensure equal treatment of all citizens, regardless of factors such as age, gender, or race. B. Slavery was abolished in 1865, finally giving black men the same voting rights as white men. C. In 1920, a constitutional amendment guaranteed all American women the right to vote. D. all of the above*****

What did liberty mean to colonists?

A. political freedom, or the right to take part in public affairs B. civil liberty, or protection from the power of government to interfere in one's life C. moral and religious freedom D. all of the above*******

Why are ideals sometimes hard to live up to?

Ideals represent the very highest standards, and human beings are far too complex to achieve such perfection.

Why was the ideal of equality problematic in 1776?

It excluded slaves and women.

The Declaration of Independence begins with: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all me are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights..." Who argued more than a century earlier that all people earned certain unalienable rights simply by being born?

John Locke

Prior to 1776, how had most societies been divided?

Most societies had been divided into unequal groups, castes, or social classes.

According to Jefferson, what are "unalienable rights" ?

My Answer: According to Jefferson, Unalienable rights are that all men are created equal. He didn't think to include other people. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; rights that belong to humans simply because they are humans.