Lesson 5 - Roman Catholic Church in Medieval Europe

Explain two advances in education during the Middle Ages.

1) Capital & lowercase letters 2) Latin grammar & rhetoric

What is another word for the Middle Ages?

Age of Faith

What Roman Emperor issued a decree allowing Christians to practice their religion? How had Christians been treated by Romans before that time?

Constantine, in the year 313 CE. Before, Christians were persecuted by Romans.

stain-glass window

Depicted bible scenes and other religious scenes for people who were illiterate

Describe two types of power that the Roman Catholic Church acquired in society after the fall of Rome.

Economic power - Collected taxes, took land by force, and received land as gifts. Monasteries - Provided sage places for travelers to explain world events, help poor & sick, and have town meetings.

Thomas Aquinas

He was an Italian scholar of philosophy and theology. He tried to bridge together faith and reasoning.

What were some of the popular destinations of the pilgrims?

Jerusalem, Rome, and Canterbury.

Where did the Benedictine Monks live?

Monasteries where they worked and prayed/

Conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Holy Roman Emperor Henry

Pope Gregory VII banned kings appointing clergy members. Henry IV considered it his duty to appoint church officials. Henry stated that Gregory wasn't the pope. Therefore, Gregory excommunicated Henry. As a result, Henry begged forgiveness and accepted the pope's authority.

List the different ranks of clergy associated with the Roman Catholic Church. Then explain which members of the Church hierarchy a peasant would most likely to come into contact with.

Pope, cardinal, archbishop, bishop, and priest. Priest, because they worked in common areas.

How were Crusades different from pilgrimages?

They were military expeditions. Pilgrimages were to visit holy sites, for cures for penance.

Why did people undertake pilgrimages during the Middle Ages?

To show devotion to God, penance for sins, and cure for illness.

Where did the Franciscan Friars live?

Traveled among people to preach & care for sick.

Matrimony

a formal union blessed by the church; after being married by a priest, a couple signs their names in a registry, or book of records

gargoyle

a grotesquely carved figure of a human or animal

flying buttress

an arched stone support on the outside of buildings, which allows builders to construct higher walls