Linux Exam 4
skeleton directory
A directory that contains files that are copied to all new users' home directories upon creation; the default directory on Linux systems is /etc/skel.
Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)
A package manager commonly used on Linux distributions derived from Red Hat Linux, and the default package manager used on Fedora Linux. - .rpm extension - To install rpm package use -i
Debian Package Manager (DPM)
A package manager used on Debian and Debian-based Linux distributions, such as Ubuntu Server. - .deb extension - Dpm databased stored within files in the /var/lib/dpkg
Octets
A portion of an IPv4 address that represents eight binary bits.
subnet mask
A series of four 8-bit numbers that determine the network and host portions of an IP address.
dnf (Dandified YUM) command
A speed-improved version of the yum command used on modern Linux distributions.
apt-get install <package>
Install package from an internet sofware repository
chage -W
Number of days of warning prior to expiration
apt-get remove
Remove package , excluding all package configuration files
apt-get purge <package>
Remove package, including all package configuration files
chage -M
Sets days that password expires (-M 50, password expires every 50 days)
Protocol suite used by all PCs for networking today
TCP/IP
host ID
The portion of an IP address that denotes the host.
network ID
The portion of an IP address that denotes the network.
ANDing
The process by which binary bits are compared to calculate the network and host IDs from an IP address and subnet mask.
compression algorithm
The set of instructions used to reduce the contents of a file systematically.
zless command
Used to display the contents of an archive created with compress, zip, or gzip to Standard Output with less command
apt-get command
Used to install and upgrade DPM packages from software repositories, as well as manage and remove installed DPM packages.
zypper command
Used to install and upgrade RPM packages from software repositories, as well as manage and remove installed RPM packages on SUSE and openSUSE Linux distributions.
zgrep command
Used to search and display the contents of an archive created with compress, zip, or gzip to Standard Output.
iwconfig command
Used to set and display the configuration of wireless network interfaces.
lpq command
Used to view the contents of print queues in the LPD printing system.
lpc command
Used to view the status of, and control printers in, the LPD printing system.
Command: showing your user account's group memberships
groups command
Show the status of all printers in the terminal
lpstat -t
ways to lock an account short answer
passwd -l usermod -l chsh
so which of the following options for the tar command related to gzip and showing progress
tar -czvf
Decompress tarball using gzip
tar -xzvf filename.tgz
Command: Getting rid of user accounts from the system
userdel command - r command to remove the home directory for the user and all of its contents
Commands for downloading files via port 80
· curl command · wget command
What ftp commands runs a shell on the local computer:
!
File that lists your shared libraries (in /etc)
- /etc/ld.so.cache list of shared libraries - /etc/ld.so.con List of shared library directories
APIPA addresses
- 169.254.0.0 - your system will assign an IPv6 APIPA address that begins with FE80 and ends with the last half of your network interface's MAC address.
Compress
- Adaptive Lempel-Ziv coding (LZW) - Avg compression ratio of 40-50 percent
Bzip2
- Burrows-Wheeler Block Sorting Huffman Coding algorithm - Avg ratio 60-80 percent
Know the different options for ping in Linux - how to send a set number of packets for testing
- By default, the ping command sends packets continuously every second until the Ctrl+c key combination is pressed -c option - ping -c 5 3.0.0.2 - Sends 5 ping requests to 3.0.0.2 · ping6 command Used to check connectivity on an IPv6 network.
GNU zip
- Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm (LZ77) - Avg compression ratio is 60-70 percent
Zip
- Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm (LZ77) (same as gzip) - Yields a similar compression ratio to gzip (60-70 percent)
Xz
- Lempel-ziv compression algorithm (LZMA) - 60-80 avg compression
Common Unix Printing System (CUPS)
- The printing system commonly used on Linux computers. - developed by Apple
yum (Yellowdog Updater Modified) command
- Used to install and upgrade RPM packages from software repositories, as well as manage and remove installed RPM packages.
Getting repo information in Debian based systems
- apt-cache command
netstat command
Used to display network information and active connections.
Compress files into a tarball using gzip
- tar -czvf filename.tgz
Where is journald.conf located (directory location)?
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
chage -m
Days user needs to wait before changing password after receiving a new one
which of the following commands displays detailed network information?
Eth tool
Virtual Network Computing (VNC)
GUI-based methods for remotely controlling a Linux machine • Virtual Network Computing (VNC) -Vnc server daemon Install on computer, other vnc clients can connect. -Vnc Viewer Program used to connect to a vnc server and obtain a graphical desktop.
Telnet and its availability on Linux
The telnet server daemon is not installed by default on most modern Linux distributions, but it can easily be installed from a software repository - On systems that use the Systemd system initialization process, such as Fedora 28, the telnet server daemon is managed directly by Systemd as a socket unit (telnet.socket) - On systems that use the Sys Vinit system initialization process, such as Ubuntu Server 14, the telnet server daemon is managed by xinetd. - After the telnet daemon has been configured, you can connect to it from a remote computer - telnet command - Used to obtain a shell on a remote computer running a Telnet daemon. - Nearly all Macintosh, Linux, and UNIX systems come with a telnet command
apt-get update
Update list of packages
apt-get upgrade
Upgrades dpm packages on your system
lpr command
Used to create print jobs in the print queue in the LPD printing system.
nmcli command
Used to display and configure network interfaces using NetworkManager.
networkctl command
Used to display and configure network interfaces using Systemd-networkd.
ifconfig command
Used to display and modify the IP configuration information for a network interface.
Showing the contents of a compressed file after being done with compress utility
Zcat
Which of the following debian commands installs the newest version
apt-get upgrade
How to show account age of users as well as password age/expiration
chage command chage -l
classes of address: just know network IDs and the amount of bits they have
class A: /8 class b: /16 class c: /24
zmore command
display contents of compressed archive with more command
Modifying DPM packages after installing them - configuration purposes
dpkg-reconfigure
last command after compiling source code
makeinstall
File altered by hostnamectl command (in /etc directory)
modify the HOSTNAME line in the /etc/hostname file, or run the hostnamectl command.
apt-get autoremove
remove package dependencies that are no longer required by programs on the system
Which of the following rpm packages keeps you up to date or install if it doesn't exist
rpm -U