Linux Exam 4

skeleton directory

A directory that contains files that are copied to all new users' home directories upon creation; the default directory on Linux systems is /etc/skel.

Red Hat Package Manager (RPM)

A package manager commonly used on Linux distributions derived from Red Hat Linux, and the default package manager used on Fedora Linux. - .rpm extension - To install rpm package use -i

Debian Package Manager (DPM)

A package manager used on Debian and Debian-based Linux distributions, such as Ubuntu Server. - .deb extension - Dpm databased stored within files in the /var/lib/dpkg

Octets

A portion of an IPv4 address that represents eight binary bits.

subnet mask

A series of four 8-bit numbers that determine the network and host portions of an IP address.

dnf (Dandified YUM) command

A speed-improved version of the yum command used on modern Linux distributions.

apt-get install <package>

Install package from an internet sofware repository

chage -W

Number of days of warning prior to expiration

apt-get remove

Remove package , excluding all package configuration files

apt-get purge <package>

Remove package, including all package configuration files

chage -M

Sets days that password expires (-M 50, password expires every 50 days)

Protocol suite used by all PCs for networking today

TCP/IP

host ID

The portion of an IP address that denotes the host.

network ID

The portion of an IP address that denotes the network.

ANDing

The process by which binary bits are compared to calculate the network and host IDs from an IP address and subnet mask.

compression algorithm

The set of instructions used to reduce the contents of a file systematically.

zless command

Used to display the contents of an archive created with compress, zip, or gzip to Standard Output with less command

apt-get command

Used to install and upgrade DPM packages from software repositories, as well as manage and remove installed DPM packages.

zypper command

Used to install and upgrade RPM packages from software repositories, as well as manage and remove installed RPM packages on SUSE and openSUSE Linux distributions.

zgrep command

Used to search and display the contents of an archive created with compress, zip, or gzip to Standard Output.

iwconfig command

Used to set and display the configuration of wireless network interfaces.

lpq command

Used to view the contents of print queues in the LPD printing system.

lpc command

Used to view the status of, and control printers in, the LPD printing system.

Command: showing your user account's group memberships

groups command

Show the status of all printers in the terminal

lpstat -t

ways to lock an account short answer

passwd -l usermod -l chsh

so which of the following options for the tar command related to gzip and showing progress

tar -czvf

Decompress tarball using gzip

tar -xzvf filename.tgz

Command: Getting rid of user accounts from the system

userdel command - r command to remove the home directory for the user and all of its contents

Commands for downloading files via port 80

· curl command · wget command

What ftp commands runs a shell on the local computer:

!

File that lists your shared libraries (in /etc)

- /etc/ld.so.cache list of shared libraries - /etc/ld.so.con List of shared library directories

APIPA addresses

- 169.254.0.0 - your system will assign an IPv6 APIPA address that begins with FE80 and ends with the last half of your network interface's MAC address.

Compress

- Adaptive Lempel-Ziv coding (LZW) - Avg compression ratio of 40-50 percent

Bzip2

- Burrows-Wheeler Block Sorting Huffman Coding algorithm - Avg ratio 60-80 percent

Know the different options for ping in Linux - how to send a set number of packets for testing

- By default, the ping command sends packets continuously every second until the Ctrl+c key combination is pressed -c option - ping -c 5 3.0.0.2 - Sends 5 ping requests to 3.0.0.2 · ping6 command Used to check connectivity on an IPv6 network.

GNU zip

- Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm (LZ77) - Avg compression ratio is 60-70 percent

Zip

- Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm (LZ77) (same as gzip) - Yields a similar compression ratio to gzip (60-70 percent)

Xz

- Lempel-ziv compression algorithm (LZMA) - 60-80 avg compression

Common Unix Printing System (CUPS)

- The printing system commonly used on Linux computers. - developed by Apple

yum (Yellowdog Updater Modified) command

- Used to install and upgrade RPM packages from software repositories, as well as manage and remove installed RPM packages.

Getting repo information in Debian based systems

- apt-cache command

netstat command

Used to display network information and active connections.

Compress files into a tarball using gzip

- tar -czvf filename.tgz

Where is journald.conf located (directory location)?

/etc/systemd/journald.conf

chage -m

Days user needs to wait before changing password after receiving a new one

which of the following commands displays detailed network information?

Eth tool

Virtual Network Computing (VNC)

GUI-based methods for remotely controlling a Linux machine • Virtual Network Computing (VNC) -Vnc server daemon Install on computer, other vnc clients can connect. -Vnc Viewer Program used to connect to a vnc server and obtain a graphical desktop.

Telnet and its availability on Linux

The telnet server daemon is not installed by default on most modern Linux distributions, but it can easily be installed from a software repository - On systems that use the Systemd system initialization process, such as Fedora 28, the telnet server daemon is managed directly by Systemd as a socket unit (telnet.socket) - On systems that use the Sys Vinit system initialization process, such as Ubuntu Server 14, the telnet server daemon is managed by xinetd. - After the telnet daemon has been configured, you can connect to it from a remote computer - telnet command - Used to obtain a shell on a remote computer running a Telnet daemon. - Nearly all Macintosh, Linux, and UNIX systems come with a telnet command

apt-get update

Update list of packages

apt-get upgrade

Upgrades dpm packages on your system

lpr command

Used to create print jobs in the print queue in the LPD printing system.

nmcli command

Used to display and configure network interfaces using NetworkManager.

networkctl command

Used to display and configure network interfaces using Systemd-networkd.

ifconfig command

Used to display and modify the IP configuration information for a network interface.

Showing the contents of a compressed file after being done with compress utility

Zcat

Which of the following debian commands installs the newest version

apt-get upgrade

How to show account age of users as well as password age/expiration

chage command chage -l

classes of address: just know network IDs and the amount of bits they have

class A: /8 class b: /16 class c: /24

zmore command

display contents of compressed archive with more command

Modifying DPM packages after installing them - configuration purposes

dpkg-reconfigure

last command after compiling source code

makeinstall

File altered by hostnamectl command (in /etc directory)

modify the HOSTNAME line in the /etc/hostname file, or run the hostnamectl command.

apt-get autoremove

remove package dependencies that are no longer required by programs on the system

Which of the following rpm packages keeps you up to date or install if it doesn't exist

rpm -U