Linux Foundations Tests/Handbook

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this acts as a logical 'and', so if first command is successful then the second command will also run

&&

command option used to display the complete timestamp including the hours, minutes, seconds

--full-time

typical command to get its built in usage information?

--help

this command option sorts files by size from largest to smallest

-S

what option can be used to rm when deleting multiple files

-i

two options that can be used to safeguard the copy command from overwriting important information

-i and -n

command option that will show the line numbers next to a files content's when displayed to the screen

-n

command used to perform a reverse sort

-r

what option will allow the cp command to copy both files and directories?

-r

this command option will sort files based on the most recent modification

-t

verbose mode which shows the resulting move

-v

this character represents which directory the user is in

.

third partition on second hard disk?

/hdb3

used a virtual or pseudo filesystem to interface with the kernal or process

/proc

which UID represents the first regular user on a linux system?

1000

used to redirect the standard output of a command to a file?

1>

character that can be used to run multiple commands one after the other where each command runs independently and consecutively, regardless of the first command

;

this redirection operator is used to accept text on the following lines as standard input?

<<

open source licence that states you may redistribute the source software and binaries as long as copyright notices are maintained and there is no implication that the original creator endorses your version

BSD

permissive software licenses?

BSD and MIT

GPL and all other related licences

FSF

linux is distributed by which license?

GPLv2

this variable stores a list of directories, seperated by a colon, that contain executable programs eligible as commands from the Linux shell

PATH

tying $ followed by ________ in quick succession will list all variables?

TAB

which path allows a user to specify the exact location of a directory starts with the foward slash ( / )

absolute

the dominant web server of today, that serves web page requests

apache

command used to search for packages and to list information about available packages

apt-cache

how to install a package? how to uninstall a package?

apt-get install package_name apt-get remove package_name

this character is used to represent zero or more of any character in a filename

asterisk*

what does it mean when work is placed in the public domain?

author has relinquished the copyright on the work

if you want one part to be treated as a variable and another as not these quotes are

backslash

used to communicate with hardware denoted as both ( b ) and ( c )

block and character

these characters are used to match a single character by representing a range of characters that are possible match characters

brackets[]

CC BY-SA (permissive or copyleft)?

copyleft

GPL ver 3 (permissive or copyleft)?

copyleft

philosophy held by Free Software Foundation that someone who modifies free software should be required to share any changes they have made

copyleft

keyboard shortcut that allows copying highlighted text while working in the command line terminal

ctrl + shift + c

a file used to store other files, denoted as ( d )

directory

freedom 3

distribute the modified software

freedom 2

distribute the software

command that will show boot time messages

dmesg

these quotes will be considered variables

double

debian, ubuntu, and linux mint generally use what kind of packages?

dpkg, apt-get, apt

to display the contents of a variable to the terminal's display, the command syntax is what?

echo $variable

this character is used in conjunction with the square brackets to negate a range or in other words matches a file that DOES NOT begin with whatever is inputted

exclamation point!

command that prints enlarged text on the terminal

figlet

first character in a long listing ( ls -l ) indicates:

file type

similar to locate, this command searches a directory tree recursively, including its subdirectories

find

nine sections of man pages?

general commands system calls library calls special files file formats/conventions games miscellaneous system admin commands kernel routines

often referred to as wildcards, symbol characters that have special meaning to the shell, they allow you to specify patterns that match filenames in a directory

glob characters

which link contains data in the target file?

hard link

command that displays the first few lines of a file

head

this command displays file contents or commands output one page at a time in your terminal

less

hard disk are identified with what?

letter

this command can be used to find any file, not just commands or man pages

locate

this command searches within a database and then outputs every name that matches the given string

locate

always use what with the command ls to display the name of the directories instead of their contents

ls -d

command that displays human readble information

ls -h

command does provides a long list of additional information about the files that are listed, such as permissions, size and other

ls -l

command that provides list in reverse

ls -r

to search man page sections for keyword 'example', what commands can you use

man -k example apropos example

to get help on using info command, use:

man info and info info

these pages have Name, Configuration, Return Value, and Error sections

man pages

blender, GIMP, Inkscape, audacity, ImageMagick

multimedia

creatives commons version of public domain licensing is what?

no rights reserved or cc0

partitions are identified with what?

number

synopsis of a command from a man page, [] are:

optional

CC BY (permissive or copyleft)?

permissive

open source licences that do not contain copyleft provisions and therefore are more permissive in how they allow software to be redistributed

permissive

simplified BSD license (permissive or copyleft)?

permissive

allows for communication between processes denoted as ( p )

pipe

this character respresents any single character, matches exactly one character, no more and no less

question mark?

this command is used to get input from the terminal when using a shell script?

read

directory listing that includes the content of sub directories

recursive

when you want to display all of the files in a directory as well as all of the files in all subdirectories under that directory

recursive listing -R

includes readable files, images files, binary files, and compressed files denoted as ( - )

regular file

$ indicates what kind of user in the shell?

regular user

which path start from the current directory starts with the name of directory

relative

used for something

rm -r

# indicates what kind of user in the shell?

root user

red hat, fedora, and centOS generally use what kind of packages?

rpm, yum, def

freedom 0

run the software

JavaScript, C, Java, Perl, Shell, Python, PHP,

scripting languages

to get help while using info command, press:

shift + H

anything placed in these quotes are not considered variables

single

allows for communication between processes denoted as ( s )

socket

freedom 1

study and modify the software (source code)

points to another file denoted as ( l )

symbolic link

command that displays the last few lines of a file

tail

hda (first device) hdb (second device) hdc (third device)

the format

command that translates or removes characters of a file

tr

info command merges all available documentation into a single book

true

the main purpose of glob characters is to be able to provide a list of filenames to a command (true or false)

true

the rm command can delete multiple files are once (true or false)?

true

command that shows what type a specific command is

type

command that counts number of words, lines, or bytes of a file

wc

command that displays file path to a specified program and related manual files

whereis

this command is normally executed to search for a command or man page

whereis

this command can display the full path to the command in question

which

a logical 'or' and depending on the first command, the second command will either run or be skipped

||


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