Lower Limb - CH 6

Phalanges

14 bones, I-V.

Metatarsals

5 bones, numbered I-V, medial to lateral; I is thicker than the rest due to weightbearing

Tarsal Bones Tiger Cubs Need M-I-L-C

7 per ankle; include the talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial - intermediate - lateral cuneiform, cuboid.

Trochanter

Greater and lesser, of the femur; projections from the junction of the neck and shaft that serve as attachment points of tendons of thigh and buttock muscles. Separated by the intertrochanteric line, anteriorly, and the intertrochanteric crest, posteriorly.

Condyle

Lateral and medial, of the femur; articulate with the corresponding portions of the tibia.

Epicondyle

Lateral and medial, of the femur; superior to the condyles, serve as the attachment point for ligaments of the knee.

Fibula

Parallel and lateral to the tibia, but much smaller; articulates with the tibia and stabilizes the ankle joint.

Tibia

Shin bone; larger, medial, weight-bearing bone of the leg. Articulates with the femur and fibula, proximally, and the fibula and talus, distally; connected to the fibula by interosseous membrane.

Cuboid

Tarsal bone, located anteriorly; 'cube-shaped'

Navicular

Tarsal bone, located anteriorly; 'like a little boat'

Talus

Tarsal bone, located posteriorly; the ankle bone.

Calcaneus

Tarsal bone, located posteriorly; the largest and strongest of the tarsal bones

Cuneiform bones

Tarsal bones, first (medial), second (intermediate), and third (lateral), located anteriorly; 'wedge shaped'

Tibeofemoral Joint

The articulation of the proximal lateral and medial condyles of the tibia with the distal lateral and medial condyles of the femur.

Hallux

The great toe, made of 2 phalanges (proximal and distal)

Head of Femur

The proximal end of the femur; has a small central depression called the foeva capitis, which acts as the connection point between the femur and the acetabulum.

Femur

Thigh bone; the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body. Proximal end articulates with the acetabulum of the hipbone; distal end articulates with the tibia and patella.

Patella

Triangular, sesamoid bone; broad at the proximal (base) and pointed at the distal (apex). Increases the leverage of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, maintains the position of the tendon when the knee is flexed, and protects the knee joint.