Lower Limb - CH 6
Phalanges
14 bones, I-V.
Metatarsals
5 bones, numbered I-V, medial to lateral; I is thicker than the rest due to weightbearing
Tarsal Bones Tiger Cubs Need M-I-L-C
7 per ankle; include the talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial - intermediate - lateral cuneiform, cuboid.
Trochanter
Greater and lesser, of the femur; projections from the junction of the neck and shaft that serve as attachment points of tendons of thigh and buttock muscles. Separated by the intertrochanteric line, anteriorly, and the intertrochanteric crest, posteriorly.
Condyle
Lateral and medial, of the femur; articulate with the corresponding portions of the tibia.
Epicondyle
Lateral and medial, of the femur; superior to the condyles, serve as the attachment point for ligaments of the knee.
Fibula
Parallel and lateral to the tibia, but much smaller; articulates with the tibia and stabilizes the ankle joint.
Tibia
Shin bone; larger, medial, weight-bearing bone of the leg. Articulates with the femur and fibula, proximally, and the fibula and talus, distally; connected to the fibula by interosseous membrane.
Cuboid
Tarsal bone, located anteriorly; 'cube-shaped'
Navicular
Tarsal bone, located anteriorly; 'like a little boat'
Talus
Tarsal bone, located posteriorly; the ankle bone.
Calcaneus
Tarsal bone, located posteriorly; the largest and strongest of the tarsal bones
Cuneiform bones
Tarsal bones, first (medial), second (intermediate), and third (lateral), located anteriorly; 'wedge shaped'
Tibeofemoral Joint
The articulation of the proximal lateral and medial condyles of the tibia with the distal lateral and medial condyles of the femur.
Hallux
The great toe, made of 2 phalanges (proximal and distal)
Head of Femur
The proximal end of the femur; has a small central depression called the foeva capitis, which acts as the connection point between the femur and the acetabulum.
Femur
Thigh bone; the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body. Proximal end articulates with the acetabulum of the hipbone; distal end articulates with the tibia and patella.
Patella
Triangular, sesamoid bone; broad at the proximal (base) and pointed at the distal (apex). Increases the leverage of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, maintains the position of the tendon when the knee is flexed, and protects the knee joint.