Management 340 Final

Emotional intelligence​ (EI) involves a​ person's ability to​ ________ and​ ________ emotional cues and information. A. notice; manage B. conceal; master C. display; control D. perceive; manipulate E. ​influence; control

A. notice; manage

The managers at​ Rudi's Bakery put substantial emphasis on the​ __________________ of organizational​ behavior, such as​ ________________________. A. visible​ aspects; attitudes and group norms B. hidden​ aspects; attitudes C. hidden​ aspects; personality and technology D. visible​ aspects; policies and procedures E. hidden​ aspects; strategies and chain of command

B. hidden​ aspects; attitudes

________ ratios are indications of an​ organization's ability to pay its​ short-term debts. A. Leverage B. Profitability C. Liquidity D. Activity E. Efficiency

C. Liquidity

________ leaders guide followers to accomplish established​ goals, whereas​ ________ leaders inspire followers to accomplish exceptional outcomes. A. Visionary; transformational B. Visionary; transactional C. Charismatic; transformational D. Transactional; transformational E. Transformational; transactional

D. Transactional; transformational

Adrian​ Cavlan, Sound in Motion​ Partner, specifically mentions that leaders need to set a good example and be​ approachable; trust and mutual respect are important parts of this. This could be categorized as the​ ________ dimension in leadership. A. R3 B. task structure C. LPC D. ​leader-member relations E. position power

D. ​leader-member relations

Eric has put a lot of effort into his job performance because he is up for promotion this year.​ However, his coworker Jacob has put in what he would consider to be a very minimal effort this past year.​ Nonetheless, Jacob gets the​ promotion, leaving Eric feeling disappointed and unrewarded for his hard work. What motivation theory is best representative of this​ situation? A. Three-needs theory B. Hierarchy of needs theory C. Two-factor theory D. Expectancy theory E. Equity theory

E. Equity theory

According to the Fiedler contingency​ model, which contingency dimension identifies the extent to which the leader has the authority to​ reward, discipline,​ hire, and/or fire​ subordinates? A. Reward power B. Coercive power C. Initiating structure D. Task structure E. Position power

E. Position power

Marcus is very​ health-conscious and believes that smoking is harmful. He becomes upset when a coworker lights a cigarette after their lunch together. This represents the​ ________ component of his attitude. A. behavioral B. social C. perceptual D. cognitive E. affective

E. affective

Whenever​ someone's computer goes down at Nicoh​ Enterprises, people call Gina. She is great at troubleshooting technical issues and always knows what to do to get their computers up and running again. Gina has​ ________ power. A. coercive B. information C. reward D. legitimate E. expert

E. expert

Which subordinate contingency factor identified by the​ path-goal theory describes the degree to which followers believe that they are the masters of their​ fates? A. Locus of control B. Task structure C. Experience D. Perceived ability E. Formal authority system

A. Locus of control

Which of the following has contributed to the escalating problem of employee theft in all kinds and sizes of​ organizations? A. Loose financial controls at​ start-ups and small companies B. Poor compensation C. Poor hiring practices D. Poor management E. Lack of background checks

A. Loose financial controls at​ start-ups and small companies

Alicia is determined to finish her research paper. If that means she has to put in some late nights over the next few​ weeks, she is willing to do so because​ she's not going to give up after all the work she has already put into the paper. This willingness to continue on with the project represents which element of​ motivation? A. Persistence B. Direction C. Energy D. Autonomy E. Esteem

A. Persistence

The leader who​ says, "Do this or​ you're fired" is exercising​ ________ power. A. coercive B. reward C. information D. expert E. referent

A. coercive

This video reports​ that, worldwide, companies can lose up to​ $3.5 trillion from employees stealing​ money, software,​ information, office​ supplies, inventory, and so on. This example illustrates the importance of​ monitoring, comparing, and correcting work​ performance, which is called​ ________. A. controlling B. leading C. organizing D. planning E. selling

A. controlling

The element of motivation that is a measure of an​ individual's drive,​ intensity, and vigor to attain a goal is referred to as​ ________. A. motivators B. direction C. energy D. persistence E. tenacity

C. energy

According to​ Maslow's hierarchy of needs​ theory, lower-order needs are predominantly satisfied​ ________, whereas​ higher-order needs are satisfied​ ________. A. internally; externally B. autonomously; autocratically C. externally; internally D. through interaction with​ others; independently E. independently; through interactions with others

C. externally; internally

​_______ are​ object-specific, intense feelings. A. Attitudes B. Values C. Norms D. Emotions E. Principles

D. Emotions

Samir called his line workers into the office and​ said, "I want to put the rules on the table so​ there's no misunderstanding. If​ you're late, you lose a​ half-day's pay. If you miss your production quota more than twice in one​ week, you're​ fired." How would​ Samir's leadership style be characterized using the​ path-goal theory? A. Supportive leader B. Directive leader C. Laissez-faire leader D. Achievement-oriented leader E. Participative leader

B. Directive leader

Which theory of motivation proposes that employees compare what they get out of their jobs in relation to what they put into it and then determine if that is fair based on a comparison with​ others? A. Three-needs theory B. Equity theory C. Expectancy theory D. Hierarchy of needs theory E. Two-factor theory

B. Equity theory

It's highly likely that you and your best friend will be motivated by the same things. A. True B. False

B. False

Marcus is very​ health-conscious and believes that smoking is harmful. When a coworker lights a cigarette after​ lunch, he asks her to put out the cigarette because he​ doesn't want to be exposed to​ second-hand smoke. This represents the​ ________ component of his attitude. A. perceptual B. behavioral C. social D. cognitive E. affective

B. behavioral

Attempts to identify​ ________ that separated leaders from​ non-leaders were the foundation of leadership trait theories. A. circumstances B. characteristics C. behaviors D. expectations E. situations

B. characteristics

The Gallup organization has conducted polls identifying large percentages of employees who are sleepwalking through their workday and are not passionate about their work. These employees are referred to as​ ________. A. tenured employees B. disengaged workers C. low performers D. the Silent Generation E. contingent workers

B. disengaged workers

Bao is confident​ that, if he puts in a few late nights at the​ library, he'll be able to complete his research paper on time. In terms of expectancy​ theory, this is an example of​ ________. A. equity B. expectancy C. a reinforcer D. instrumentality E. valence

B. expectancy

Which core job dimension in the job characteristics model​ (JCM) describes the degree to which a job provides substantial​ freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and determining task​ procedures? A. Autonomy B. Skill variety C. Feedback D. Task identity E. Task significance

A. Autonomy

The​ least-preferred coworker​ (LPC) questionnaire to gauge leadership style forms a fundamental part of which theory of​ leadership? A. The Fiedler model B. The​ path-goal model C. Situational leadership theory D. The Ohio State studies E. Leader-member exchange​ (LMX) theory

A. The Fiedler model

Which of the following is the BEST definition of​ motivation? A. The process by which a​ person's efforts are​ energized, directed, and sustained through attaining a goal B. A permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience C. The process by which we give meaning to our environment by organizing and interpreting sensory impressions D. The process of guiding learning in graduated steps using reinforcement or the lack thereof E. The process through which we judge​ others' behavior depending on the meaning we attribute to that behavior

A. The process by which a​ person's efforts are​ energized, directed, and sustained through attaining a goal

________ leadership uses a quid pro quo​ ("this for​ that") approach and exchanges rewards for effort. If you do something​ well, you can expect to be​ rewarded; however, if you do something​ poorly, you can expect to be punished. A. Transactional B. Charismatic C. Visionary D. Transformational E. Situational

A. Transactional

Elena has been absent without excuse twice during the past month.​ Elena's manager meets with Elena to determine the reason for her poor attendance. This is an example of​ ________. A. basic corrective action B. immediate corrective action C. disciplinary action D. a feedforward control E. the range of deviation

A. basic corrective action

Jamal is a member service representative at a credit union. Until​ recently, his job consisted of handling​ members' deposits and withdrawals. He can now sell certificates of​ deposit, advise customers on the types and terms of available​ loans, and assist them with completing loan applicationslong dash—functions that were previously done by his team leader. This type of job design option would best be described as job​ ________. A. enrichment B. rotation C. specialization D. evaluation E. enlargement

A. enrichment

The textbook defines a leader as someone who can influence others and who​ ________. A. has managerial authority B. creates and articulates an energizing vision of the future C. stimulates and inspires followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes D. possesses expert power E. has authority by virtue of how he or she is perceived by his or her peers

A. has managerial authority

Having a solid understanding of knowing what motivates​ you: A. helps you make smart career and job choices. B. shows that you are a good decision maker. C. helps you manage your time better. D. All of the above

A. helps you make smart career and job choices.

Glenn​ Pitman, Triple Rock Brewery​ Supervisor, describes a​ supervisor's job as keeping her or his team motivated and encouraging team members to work together to resolve problems. Based on the description in the​ text, such a manager is most likely​ a(n) ________. A. high-high leader B. low-low leader C. R3 D. R1 E. high-low leader

A. high-high leader

The audit process that CH2MHill has instated could be referred to as a measure of​ ________, which is also described in the text. A. organizational productivity B. regulatory control C. systematic troubleshooting D. organizational strategy E. organizational problem solving

A. organizational productivity

According to expectancy​ theory, an​ individual's motivation depends on three variables or​ relationships: ________. A. esteem, instrumentation, and valence B. expectancy, instrumentality, and valence C. esteem, locus of​ control, and valence D. expectancy, incentive, and valence E. instrumentality, self-esteem, and safety needs

B. expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

Employee theft is a major concern for companies. When a​ company's security team has meetings to talk about ways each branch office successfully reduced employee​ theft, this is a good example of​ ________ control. A. task-oriented B. feedback C. budget D. informational E. feedforward

B. feedback

Carol S.​ Collard, CaringWorks,​ Inc.'s president, describes how​ CaringWorks, Inc. operates and states that the​ "policy, decisions, and recommendations come from the ground up. They are deliberated by the senior management​ committee, and then we share that information with the board of​ directors." Based on information in the​ text, CaringWorks, Inc. is most likely an organization that has​ ________. A. a variety of hierarchical levels B. few hierarchial levels C. employees who remain at the same hierarchy level D. increasingly complex hierarchical levels E. free movement between various levels of hierarchy

B. few hierarchial levels

Judging from the​ video, it would appear that​ Rudi's Bakery is looking for employees with what the chapter refers to as a​ ________________. A. high degree of judgment B. high degree of openness to experience C. high degree of negative emotional stability D. low degree of openness to experience E. high degree of agreeableness and conscientiousness

B. high degree of openness to experience

Yanagihara mentions that CH2MHill audits its time​ sheets; this involves​ ________. A. asking management how much time should be spent on each client B. keeping track of time spent on each​ client's project C. keeping track of​ management's requirements for billing D. asking clients how much time was spent solving their problem E. keeping track of each​ client's time requirements

B. keeping track of time spent on each​ client's project

Comparing your list with others in your class tells​ you: A. who would be fun to work with. B. that people differ in terms of what they value. C. what type of manager​ they'll be. D. that​ you're right and​ they're not.

B. that people differ in terms of what they value.

UPS calculates that a driver will drive approximately 140 miles on an assigned route.​ However, recognizing that the driver may have to make changes due to​ traffic, road​ construction, or​ detours, mileage will not be flagged for further investigation if it is not less than 120 miles nor more than 160 miles. This is an example of​ ________. A. feedback control B. the range of variation C. benchmarking D. deviation disparity E. immediate corrective action

B. the range of variation

You are planting seeds in a vegetable garden. According to the instructions on the seed​ packet, the seeds should be placed​ 12" apart.​ However, you would be content if the seeds were within an inch of that measurement on either end​ (i.e., between​ 11" and​ 13" apart). This is an example of​ ________. A. basic corrective action B. the range of variation C. a feedforward control D. benchmarking E. deviation disparity

B. the range of variation

John​ Scully, former CEO of​ Apple, has​ said, "The future belongs to those who see possibilities before they become​ obvious." This quote would BEST describe​ ________ leadership. A. laissez faire B. visionary C. transactional D. autocratic E. ​achievement-oriented

B. visionary

Workplace misbehavior can be categorized in which of the following four​ ways? A. Aggression, misdemeanors,​ felonies, and violence B. ​Deviance, aggression, antisocial​ behavior, and violence C. Turnover, absenteeism,​ aggression, and violence D. Citizenship​ behavior, turnover,​ deviance, and violence E. Absenteeism, aggression,​ defiance, and turnover

B. ​Deviance, aggression, antisocial​ behavior, and violence

The three approaches to control are​ ________. A. oral, written, and final B. ​feedforward, concurrent, and feedback C. anticipatory, active, and reactive D. primary, secondary, and tertiary E. forward, current, and backwards

B. ​feedforward, concurrent, and feedback

The number of items​ (factors) in the​ "what motivates​ you" list​ is: A. 15 B. 8 C. 12 D. 10

C. 12

________ are evaluative statements concerning​ objects, people, or events that reflect how an individual feels about something. A. Emotions B. Norms C. Attitudes D. Perceptions E. Principles

C. Attitudes

A research study examined the relationship between the personality dimensions identified by the Big Five Model and five occupational​ categories: professionals,​ police, managers,​ salespeople, and​ semiskilled/skilled employees. Which factor predicted job performance across all occupational​ groups? A. Extraversion B. Agreeableness C. Conscientiousness D. Openness to experience E. Emotional stability

C. Conscientiousness

Nicoh Corporation is in the early stages of developing a​ pay-for-performance program. On which of the following factors should the firm base rewards in order for employees to achieve maximum​ motivation? A. Cost of living increases B. Job title C. Individual productivity D. Length of the​ employee's tenure with the company E. Seniority

C. Individual productivity

Sun-Li called her staff into her office and​ announced, "I'm thrilled to announce that​ we've been awarded the Cinocoh account.​ I'm here if you need​ me, but I want you to take this ball and run with it. You guys know what to do and how to do​ it, and I have complete faith in your judgment and​ abilities." According to the University of Iowa​ studies, what type of leadership style has​ Sun-Li exhibited? A. Employee-oriented B. Democratic C. Laissez-faire D. Autocratic E. Production-oriented

C. Laissez-faire

Which of the following is the first step in the control​ process? A. Identifying the problem B. Comparing performance against standards C. Measuring actual performance D. Taking corrective action E. Analyzing alternatives

C. Measuring actual performance

According to​ Herzberg's two-factor​ theory, which of the following would be considered a​ motivator? A. Status B. Supervision C. The work itself D. Salary E. Relationship with supervisor

C. The work itself

If a​ Rudi's Bakery employee​ says, "I like my​ job." This reflects the​ ______________ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. cognitive C. affective D. organizational citizenship behavior E. social learning skills

C. affective

Christopher​ Klaus, Kanera's Founder and Chief Executive​ Officer, would say that a very ineffective way of managing a project team would involve using the​ ________ style. A. transactional B. laissez-faire C. autocratic D. transformational E. democratic

C. autocratic

A leader is defined as someone who​ ________. A. seldom is the one who makes things happen B. is always formally designated by the organization to exert influence C. can influence others and who has managerial authority D. has definitive behaviors that are effective across all situations E. is not needed in all organizations

C. can influence others and who has managerial authority

Attitudes are composed of three​ components: ________,​ affect, and behavior. A. perceptions B. consensus C. cognition D. emotions E. feelings

C. cognition

Sheila believes that people​ shouldn't talk on cell phones in restaurants. This represents the​ ________ component of her attitude. A. emotional B. social C. cognitive D. behavioral E. affective

C. cognitive

When trying to decide if a​ person's actions are due to internal or external​ factors, we try to determine how often the person has acted in this particular manner. This describes the​ ________ factor of attribution. A. consent B. consensus C. consistency D. distinctiveness E. continuity

C. consistency

Doug​ Radi, Rudi's​ Bakery's Vice President of​ Marketing, stated that​ Rudi's Bakery has​ "ongoing discussions about where they are going as a company and a team and what each​ person's role is in contributing to​ that." Radi said that the company works to identify the​ "development block to put with each​ employee's career that meets both the employees and the​ company's objectives." This example demonstrates​ Rudi's Bakery's is concerned with​ ________________. of an employee who is​ "afraid to come to a supervisor with a​ question" or who​ "looks at their own feet when they talk to​ you" may lack what the chapter calls​ _________________________. A. cognitive dissonance B. affective component C. employee engagement D. organizational commitment E. consistency

C. employee engagement

Employee theft of office supplies is often highest the month before the beginning of the school year. If a company anticipates the potential of increased office supplies theft and decreases the office​ supplies' level throughout the month of​ August, this would be an example of​ ________ control. A. financial B. customer C. feedforward D. concurrent E. feedback

C. feedforward

Every​ month, senior managers at Acme Bicycle hold an informational meeting with employees at all levels within the organization. They share copies of financial statements with the employees and encourage them to share the data with other employees and use it in their daily work. To help employees better understand the​ data, the accounting manager holds an informal​ brown-bag lunch training session every week in which a few items from the financial statements are explained​ in-depth. This illustrates the motivational approach known as​ ________. A. expectancy theory B. reinforcement theory C. open-book management D. the job characteristics model E. goal-setting theory

C. open-book management

The field of study devoted to​ understanding, predicting, and influencing the behavior of groups and individuals within organizations is known as​ ________. A. organizational citizenship behavior B. industrial psychology C. organizational behavior D. human resources management E. emotional intelligence

C. organizational behavior

Productivity is defined as the formula of​ ________ divided by inputs for a specified period of time. A. labor B. sales C. outputs D. revenue E. assets

C. outputs

A​ person's ________​ is/are the unique combination of​ emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how he or she reacts to situations and interacts with others. A. resilience B. attitude C. personality D. emotions E. aptitudes

C. personality

Consequences that immediately follow a behavior and increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated are referred to as​ ________. A. hygiene factors B. energizers C. reinforcers D. motivators E. referents

C. reinforcers

Learning through a combination of observation and direct experience is best known as​ ________. A. shaping behavior B. Machiavellianism C. social learning theory D. operant conditioning E. self-monitoring

C. social learning theory

Yanagihara states in the video that​ CH2MHill's time sheet auditing system acts as a control process and ensures compliance with​ ________. A. management rules and the marketing​ department's requests B. federal regulations and management rules C. state and federal regulations and client needs D. state regulations and management requirements E. the accounting​ department's rules and management dictates

C. state and federal regulations and client needs

Jon easily passed the first test in his management​ class, which he attributed to his innate intelligence. When he failed the second​ test, he blamed it on a poorly written test. This is an example of​ ________. A. assumed similarity B. the fundamental attribution error C. the​ self-serving bias D. the recency effect E. the halo effect

C. the​ self-serving bias

Tayler believes that you should solve problems and make decisions based on facts and​ logic, not on emotions or other subjective factors. According to the​ MBTI, Tayler would likely have​ a(n) ________ orientation. A. perceiving B. introversion C. thinking D. intuition E. feeling

C. thinking

Which personality trait in the Big Five Model would reflect the degree to which an individual is​ good-natured, cooperative, and​ trusting? A. Openness to experience B. Extraversion C. Emotional stability D. Agreeableness E. Conscientiousness

D. Agreeableness

People in the office know that if you need something​ done, you can count on Shanna. She is​ detail-oriented, thorough, and her work is always completed on time. Which of the personality traits in the Big Five Model would this best​ illustrate? A. Extraversion B. Agreeableness C. Openness to experience D. Conscientiousness E. Emotional stability

D. Conscientiousness

Which of the following was the primary focus of leadership behavior​ theories? A. The match between the​ leader's style and the amount of situational control B. The creation of​ in-groups and​ out-groups by the leader C. Characteristics possessed by effective leaders D. How leaders interacted with their subordinates E. The impact of​ followers' readiness

D. How leaders interacted with their subordinates

According to the​ video, Rudi's Bakery views​ management's job as creating a​ culture/environment where people are excited to come to work everyday. Doug​ Radi, Rudi's​ Bakery's Vice President of Marketing views this description of​ management's job as a way to ensure employee​ ________________________. A. involvement B. turnover C. support D. Job satisfaction E. engagement

D. Job satisfaction

Which leadership style identified by situational leadership theory​ (SLT) is characterized by a low level of task behavior and a high level of relationship​ behavior? A. Selling B. Delegating C. Telling D. Participating E. Initiating

D. Participating

One of the things that Alexis enjoys about her job is that no two days are the same. Every​ day, she encounters new situations that require her to utilize different abilities and talents. Which element of the job characteristics model does this​ illustrate? A. Task significance B. Autonomy C. Task identity D. Skill variety E. Feedback

D. Skill variety

Thad has always been a​ hard-charger when it comes to his career.​ He's the first one in the office every morning and the last one to​ leave, and​ it's important to him to excel in everything he does. According to​ McClelland, Thad would appear to have a high need for​ ________. A. power B. self-actualization C. affiliation D. achievement E. esteem

D. achievement

If a manager catches an employee while on a​ two-hour lunch break and requests that the employee return to​ work, this would be an example of​ ________ control. A. feedback B. customer C. feedforward D. concurrent E. financial

D. concurrent

The aspect of attribution in which we determine if the behavior exhibited by a person is unusual is referred to as​ ________. A. consent B. continuity C. consensus D. distinctiveness E. consistency

D. distinctiveness

Adding tasks to an existing job is referred to as job​ ________. A. enrichment B. rotation C. depth D. enlargement E. empowerment

D. enlargement

One of the items on the list is​ _________working hours. A. good B. secure C. fair D. flexible

D. flexible

The process of directing and influencing a group to achieve its goals is referred to as​ ________. A. power B. micro-management C. organization D. leadership E. groupthink

D. leadership

The behavior shaping method of rewarding a response by eliminating or withdrawing something unpleasant is referred to as​ ________. A. retribution B. extinction C. punishment D. negative reinforcement E. positive reinforcement

D. negative reinforcement

The measure of how appropriate organizational goals are and how well those goals are being met is referred to as​ ________. A. performance B. a balanced scorecard approach C. organizational performance D. organizational effectiveness E. productivity

D. organizational effectiveness

The process of determining who is the​ best, who sets the​ standards, and what those standards​ are, is known as​ ________. A. the acid test B. corporate governance C. a balanced scorecard approach D. organizational performance E. benchmarking

E. benchmarking

In the​ video, Scott Yanagihara clearly has processes in place for​ ________, which is an important part of controlling. A. creating sales expectations B. auditing accounts to determine profit margins C. checking federal regulation compliance D. checking the rate of sales E. checking that work is being done well

E. checking that work is being done well

Managers often walk around the work area they are responsible for to try to reduce employee time theft. Management by walking around is the​ best-known form of​ ___________________ control. A. profit maximization B. feedforward C. feedback D. cost cutting E. concurrent

E. concurrent

Operant conditioning argues that behavior is a function of​ ________. A. perception B. emotions C. attitude D. personality E. consequences

E. consequences

Wade is the kind of manager who has always been concerned not only with​ numbers, but also with people. He feels that a happy work crew is a productive work crew. According to the Ohio State​ studies, Wade would be high in​ ________. A. production-oriented behavior B. laissez-faire leadership C. initiating structure D. employee-oriented behavior E. consideration behavior

E. consideration behavior

Kawa​ Hatel, Platinum Auto Body​ Co-Owner, would most likely agree that an effective team leader at Platinum Auto Body is one who​ ________. A. assumes​ self-gratification rather than commitment to duty or altruistic motivation B. tells subordinates exactly what to do and harangues them when they lack efficiency C. encourages subordinates to cope with increased work demands D. listens to subordinates yet emphasizes that individual projects are critically important E. encourages and supports collaboration in achieving common goals

E. encourages and supports collaboration in achieving common goals

According to the​ path-goal theory,​ ________ contingency factors determine the type of leader behavior required in order to maximize​ outcomes; ________ contingency factors determine how the leader behavior is interpreted. A. subordinate; environmental B. ​internal; external C. ​leader; subordinate D. subordinate; leader E. environmental; subordinate

E. environmental; subordinate

Scott Yanagihara mentions that CH2MHill works ahead of time to get all relevant permits so that work can proceed in a timely manner. This best exemplifies​ ________. A. feedback control B. management by walking around C. concurrent control D. financial control E. feedforward control

E. feedforward control

According to situational leadership theory​ (SLT), the optimal combination of task and relationship behaviors depends on the​ ________ of followers to accomplish a specific task. A. aptitude B. training C. motivation D. experience E. readiness

E. readiness

A leader who focuses on clarifying​ employees' roles and task expectations and then provides rewards​ and/or punishments based upon their performance would be described as a​ ________ leader. A. ​laissez-faire B. charismatic C. democratic D. transformational E. transactional

E. transactional