Management 340 Final
Emotional intelligence (EI) involves a person's ability to ________ and ________ emotional cues and information. A. notice; manage B. conceal; master C. display; control D. perceive; manipulate E. influence; control
A. notice; manage
The managers at Rudi's Bakery put substantial emphasis on the __________________ of organizational behavior, such as ________________________. A. visible aspects; attitudes and group norms B. hidden aspects; attitudes C. hidden aspects; personality and technology D. visible aspects; policies and procedures E. hidden aspects; strategies and chain of command
B. hidden aspects; attitudes
________ ratios are indications of an organization's ability to pay its short-term debts. A. Leverage B. Profitability C. Liquidity D. Activity E. Efficiency
C. Liquidity
________ leaders guide followers to accomplish established goals, whereas ________ leaders inspire followers to accomplish exceptional outcomes. A. Visionary; transformational B. Visionary; transactional C. Charismatic; transformational D. Transactional; transformational E. Transformational; transactional
D. Transactional; transformational
Adrian Cavlan, Sound in Motion Partner, specifically mentions that leaders need to set a good example and be approachable; trust and mutual respect are important parts of this. This could be categorized as the ________ dimension in leadership. A. R3 B. task structure C. LPC D. leader-member relations E. position power
D. leader-member relations
Eric has put a lot of effort into his job performance because he is up for promotion this year. However, his coworker Jacob has put in what he would consider to be a very minimal effort this past year. Nonetheless, Jacob gets the promotion, leaving Eric feeling disappointed and unrewarded for his hard work. What motivation theory is best representative of this situation? A. Three-needs theory B. Hierarchy of needs theory C. Two-factor theory D. Expectancy theory E. Equity theory
E. Equity theory
According to the Fiedler contingency model, which contingency dimension identifies the extent to which the leader has the authority to reward, discipline, hire, and/or fire subordinates? A. Reward power B. Coercive power C. Initiating structure D. Task structure E. Position power
E. Position power
Marcus is very health-conscious and believes that smoking is harmful. He becomes upset when a coworker lights a cigarette after their lunch together. This represents the ________ component of his attitude. A. behavioral B. social C. perceptual D. cognitive E. affective
E. affective
Whenever someone's computer goes down at Nicoh Enterprises, people call Gina. She is great at troubleshooting technical issues and always knows what to do to get their computers up and running again. Gina has ________ power. A. coercive B. information C. reward D. legitimate E. expert
E. expert
Which subordinate contingency factor identified by the path-goal theory describes the degree to which followers believe that they are the masters of their fates? A. Locus of control B. Task structure C. Experience D. Perceived ability E. Formal authority system
A. Locus of control
Which of the following has contributed to the escalating problem of employee theft in all kinds and sizes of organizations? A. Loose financial controls at start-ups and small companies B. Poor compensation C. Poor hiring practices D. Poor management E. Lack of background checks
A. Loose financial controls at start-ups and small companies
Alicia is determined to finish her research paper. If that means she has to put in some late nights over the next few weeks, she is willing to do so because she's not going to give up after all the work she has already put into the paper. This willingness to continue on with the project represents which element of motivation? A. Persistence B. Direction C. Energy D. Autonomy E. Esteem
A. Persistence
The leader who says, "Do this or you're fired" is exercising ________ power. A. coercive B. reward C. information D. expert E. referent
A. coercive
This video reports that, worldwide, companies can lose up to $3.5 trillion from employees stealing money, software, information, office supplies, inventory, and so on. This example illustrates the importance of monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance, which is called ________. A. controlling B. leading C. organizing D. planning E. selling
A. controlling
The element of motivation that is a measure of an individual's drive, intensity, and vigor to attain a goal is referred to as ________. A. motivators B. direction C. energy D. persistence E. tenacity
C. energy
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, lower-order needs are predominantly satisfied ________, whereas higher-order needs are satisfied ________. A. internally; externally B. autonomously; autocratically C. externally; internally D. through interaction with others; independently E. independently; through interactions with others
C. externally; internally
_______ are object-specific, intense feelings. A. Attitudes B. Values C. Norms D. Emotions E. Principles
D. Emotions
Samir called his line workers into the office and said, "I want to put the rules on the table so there's no misunderstanding. If you're late, you lose a half-day's pay. If you miss your production quota more than twice in one week, you're fired." How would Samir's leadership style be characterized using the path-goal theory? A. Supportive leader B. Directive leader C. Laissez-faire leader D. Achievement-oriented leader E. Participative leader
B. Directive leader
Which theory of motivation proposes that employees compare what they get out of their jobs in relation to what they put into it and then determine if that is fair based on a comparison with others? A. Three-needs theory B. Equity theory C. Expectancy theory D. Hierarchy of needs theory E. Two-factor theory
B. Equity theory
It's highly likely that you and your best friend will be motivated by the same things. A. True B. False
B. False
Marcus is very health-conscious and believes that smoking is harmful. When a coworker lights a cigarette after lunch, he asks her to put out the cigarette because he doesn't want to be exposed to second-hand smoke. This represents the ________ component of his attitude. A. perceptual B. behavioral C. social D. cognitive E. affective
B. behavioral
Attempts to identify ________ that separated leaders from non-leaders were the foundation of leadership trait theories. A. circumstances B. characteristics C. behaviors D. expectations E. situations
B. characteristics
The Gallup organization has conducted polls identifying large percentages of employees who are sleepwalking through their workday and are not passionate about their work. These employees are referred to as ________. A. tenured employees B. disengaged workers C. low performers D. the Silent Generation E. contingent workers
B. disengaged workers
Bao is confident that, if he puts in a few late nights at the library, he'll be able to complete his research paper on time. In terms of expectancy theory, this is an example of ________. A. equity B. expectancy C. a reinforcer D. instrumentality E. valence
B. expectancy
Which core job dimension in the job characteristics model (JCM) describes the degree to which a job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and determining task procedures? A. Autonomy B. Skill variety C. Feedback D. Task identity E. Task significance
A. Autonomy
The least-preferred coworker (LPC) questionnaire to gauge leadership style forms a fundamental part of which theory of leadership? A. The Fiedler model B. The path-goal model C. Situational leadership theory D. The Ohio State studies E. Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory
A. The Fiedler model
Which of the following is the BEST definition of motivation? A. The process by which a person's efforts are energized, directed, and sustained through attaining a goal B. A permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience C. The process by which we give meaning to our environment by organizing and interpreting sensory impressions D. The process of guiding learning in graduated steps using reinforcement or the lack thereof E. The process through which we judge others' behavior depending on the meaning we attribute to that behavior
A. The process by which a person's efforts are energized, directed, and sustained through attaining a goal
________ leadership uses a quid pro quo ("this for that") approach and exchanges rewards for effort. If you do something well, you can expect to be rewarded; however, if you do something poorly, you can expect to be punished. A. Transactional B. Charismatic C. Visionary D. Transformational E. Situational
A. Transactional
Elena has been absent without excuse twice during the past month. Elena's manager meets with Elena to determine the reason for her poor attendance. This is an example of ________. A. basic corrective action B. immediate corrective action C. disciplinary action D. a feedforward control E. the range of deviation
A. basic corrective action
Jamal is a member service representative at a credit union. Until recently, his job consisted of handling members' deposits and withdrawals. He can now sell certificates of deposit, advise customers on the types and terms of available loans, and assist them with completing loan applicationslong dash—functions that were previously done by his team leader. This type of job design option would best be described as job ________. A. enrichment B. rotation C. specialization D. evaluation E. enlargement
A. enrichment
The textbook defines a leader as someone who can influence others and who ________. A. has managerial authority B. creates and articulates an energizing vision of the future C. stimulates and inspires followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes D. possesses expert power E. has authority by virtue of how he or she is perceived by his or her peers
A. has managerial authority
Having a solid understanding of knowing what motivates you: A. helps you make smart career and job choices. B. shows that you are a good decision maker. C. helps you manage your time better. D. All of the above
A. helps you make smart career and job choices.
Glenn Pitman, Triple Rock Brewery Supervisor, describes a supervisor's job as keeping her or his team motivated and encouraging team members to work together to resolve problems. Based on the description in the text, such a manager is most likely a(n) ________. A. high-high leader B. low-low leader C. R3 D. R1 E. high-low leader
A. high-high leader
The audit process that CH2MHill has instated could be referred to as a measure of ________, which is also described in the text. A. organizational productivity B. regulatory control C. systematic troubleshooting D. organizational strategy E. organizational problem solving
A. organizational productivity
According to expectancy theory, an individual's motivation depends on three variables or relationships: ________. A. esteem, instrumentation, and valence B. expectancy, instrumentality, and valence C. esteem, locus of control, and valence D. expectancy, incentive, and valence E. instrumentality, self-esteem, and safety needs
B. expectancy, instrumentality, and valence
Employee theft is a major concern for companies. When a company's security team has meetings to talk about ways each branch office successfully reduced employee theft, this is a good example of ________ control. A. task-oriented B. feedback C. budget D. informational E. feedforward
B. feedback
Carol S. Collard, CaringWorks, Inc.'s president, describes how CaringWorks, Inc. operates and states that the "policy, decisions, and recommendations come from the ground up. They are deliberated by the senior management committee, and then we share that information with the board of directors." Based on information in the text, CaringWorks, Inc. is most likely an organization that has ________. A. a variety of hierarchical levels B. few hierarchial levels C. employees who remain at the same hierarchy level D. increasingly complex hierarchical levels E. free movement between various levels of hierarchy
B. few hierarchial levels
Judging from the video, it would appear that Rudi's Bakery is looking for employees with what the chapter refers to as a ________________. A. high degree of judgment B. high degree of openness to experience C. high degree of negative emotional stability D. low degree of openness to experience E. high degree of agreeableness and conscientiousness
B. high degree of openness to experience
Yanagihara mentions that CH2MHill audits its time sheets; this involves ________. A. asking management how much time should be spent on each client B. keeping track of time spent on each client's project C. keeping track of management's requirements for billing D. asking clients how much time was spent solving their problem E. keeping track of each client's time requirements
B. keeping track of time spent on each client's project
Comparing your list with others in your class tells you: A. who would be fun to work with. B. that people differ in terms of what they value. C. what type of manager they'll be. D. that you're right and they're not.
B. that people differ in terms of what they value.
UPS calculates that a driver will drive approximately 140 miles on an assigned route. However, recognizing that the driver may have to make changes due to traffic, road construction, or detours, mileage will not be flagged for further investigation if it is not less than 120 miles nor more than 160 miles. This is an example of ________. A. feedback control B. the range of variation C. benchmarking D. deviation disparity E. immediate corrective action
B. the range of variation
You are planting seeds in a vegetable garden. According to the instructions on the seed packet, the seeds should be placed 12" apart. However, you would be content if the seeds were within an inch of that measurement on either end (i.e., between 11" and 13" apart). This is an example of ________. A. basic corrective action B. the range of variation C. a feedforward control D. benchmarking E. deviation disparity
B. the range of variation
John Scully, former CEO of Apple, has said, "The future belongs to those who see possibilities before they become obvious." This quote would BEST describe ________ leadership. A. laissez faire B. visionary C. transactional D. autocratic E. achievement-oriented
B. visionary
Workplace misbehavior can be categorized in which of the following four ways? A. Aggression, misdemeanors, felonies, and violence B. Deviance, aggression, antisocial behavior, and violence C. Turnover, absenteeism, aggression, and violence D. Citizenship behavior, turnover, deviance, and violence E. Absenteeism, aggression, defiance, and turnover
B. Deviance, aggression, antisocial behavior, and violence
The three approaches to control are ________. A. oral, written, and final B. feedforward, concurrent, and feedback C. anticipatory, active, and reactive D. primary, secondary, and tertiary E. forward, current, and backwards
B. feedforward, concurrent, and feedback
The number of items (factors) in the "what motivates you" list is: A. 15 B. 8 C. 12 D. 10
C. 12
________ are evaluative statements concerning objects, people, or events that reflect how an individual feels about something. A. Emotions B. Norms C. Attitudes D. Perceptions E. Principles
C. Attitudes
A research study examined the relationship between the personality dimensions identified by the Big Five Model and five occupational categories: professionals, police, managers, salespeople, and semiskilled/skilled employees. Which factor predicted job performance across all occupational groups? A. Extraversion B. Agreeableness C. Conscientiousness D. Openness to experience E. Emotional stability
C. Conscientiousness
Nicoh Corporation is in the early stages of developing a pay-for-performance program. On which of the following factors should the firm base rewards in order for employees to achieve maximum motivation? A. Cost of living increases B. Job title C. Individual productivity D. Length of the employee's tenure with the company E. Seniority
C. Individual productivity
Sun-Li called her staff into her office and announced, "I'm thrilled to announce that we've been awarded the Cinocoh account. I'm here if you need me, but I want you to take this ball and run with it. You guys know what to do and how to do it, and I have complete faith in your judgment and abilities." According to the University of Iowa studies, what type of leadership style has Sun-Li exhibited? A. Employee-oriented B. Democratic C. Laissez-faire D. Autocratic E. Production-oriented
C. Laissez-faire
Which of the following is the first step in the control process? A. Identifying the problem B. Comparing performance against standards C. Measuring actual performance D. Taking corrective action E. Analyzing alternatives
C. Measuring actual performance
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following would be considered a motivator? A. Status B. Supervision C. The work itself D. Salary E. Relationship with supervisor
C. The work itself
If a Rudi's Bakery employee says, "I like my job." This reflects the ______________ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. cognitive C. affective D. organizational citizenship behavior E. social learning skills
C. affective
Christopher Klaus, Kanera's Founder and Chief Executive Officer, would say that a very ineffective way of managing a project team would involve using the ________ style. A. transactional B. laissez-faire C. autocratic D. transformational E. democratic
C. autocratic
A leader is defined as someone who ________. A. seldom is the one who makes things happen B. is always formally designated by the organization to exert influence C. can influence others and who has managerial authority D. has definitive behaviors that are effective across all situations E. is not needed in all organizations
C. can influence others and who has managerial authority
Attitudes are composed of three components: ________, affect, and behavior. A. perceptions B. consensus C. cognition D. emotions E. feelings
C. cognition
Sheila believes that people shouldn't talk on cell phones in restaurants. This represents the ________ component of her attitude. A. emotional B. social C. cognitive D. behavioral E. affective
C. cognitive
When trying to decide if a person's actions are due to internal or external factors, we try to determine how often the person has acted in this particular manner. This describes the ________ factor of attribution. A. consent B. consensus C. consistency D. distinctiveness E. continuity
C. consistency
Doug Radi, Rudi's Bakery's Vice President of Marketing, stated that Rudi's Bakery has "ongoing discussions about where they are going as a company and a team and what each person's role is in contributing to that." Radi said that the company works to identify the "development block to put with each employee's career that meets both the employees and the company's objectives." This example demonstrates Rudi's Bakery's is concerned with ________________. of an employee who is "afraid to come to a supervisor with a question" or who "looks at their own feet when they talk to you" may lack what the chapter calls _________________________. A. cognitive dissonance B. affective component C. employee engagement D. organizational commitment E. consistency
C. employee engagement
Employee theft of office supplies is often highest the month before the beginning of the school year. If a company anticipates the potential of increased office supplies theft and decreases the office supplies' level throughout the month of August, this would be an example of ________ control. A. financial B. customer C. feedforward D. concurrent E. feedback
C. feedforward
Every month, senior managers at Acme Bicycle hold an informational meeting with employees at all levels within the organization. They share copies of financial statements with the employees and encourage them to share the data with other employees and use it in their daily work. To help employees better understand the data, the accounting manager holds an informal brown-bag lunch training session every week in which a few items from the financial statements are explained in-depth. This illustrates the motivational approach known as ________. A. expectancy theory B. reinforcement theory C. open-book management D. the job characteristics model E. goal-setting theory
C. open-book management
The field of study devoted to understanding, predicting, and influencing the behavior of groups and individuals within organizations is known as ________. A. organizational citizenship behavior B. industrial psychology C. organizational behavior D. human resources management E. emotional intelligence
C. organizational behavior
Productivity is defined as the formula of ________ divided by inputs for a specified period of time. A. labor B. sales C. outputs D. revenue E. assets
C. outputs
A person's ________ is/are the unique combination of emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how he or she reacts to situations and interacts with others. A. resilience B. attitude C. personality D. emotions E. aptitudes
C. personality
Consequences that immediately follow a behavior and increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated are referred to as ________. A. hygiene factors B. energizers C. reinforcers D. motivators E. referents
C. reinforcers
Learning through a combination of observation and direct experience is best known as ________. A. shaping behavior B. Machiavellianism C. social learning theory D. operant conditioning E. self-monitoring
C. social learning theory
Yanagihara states in the video that CH2MHill's time sheet auditing system acts as a control process and ensures compliance with ________. A. management rules and the marketing department's requests B. federal regulations and management rules C. state and federal regulations and client needs D. state regulations and management requirements E. the accounting department's rules and management dictates
C. state and federal regulations and client needs
Jon easily passed the first test in his management class, which he attributed to his innate intelligence. When he failed the second test, he blamed it on a poorly written test. This is an example of ________. A. assumed similarity B. the fundamental attribution error C. the self-serving bias D. the recency effect E. the halo effect
C. the self-serving bias
Tayler believes that you should solve problems and make decisions based on facts and logic, not on emotions or other subjective factors. According to the MBTI, Tayler would likely have a(n) ________ orientation. A. perceiving B. introversion C. thinking D. intuition E. feeling
C. thinking
Which personality trait in the Big Five Model would reflect the degree to which an individual is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting? A. Openness to experience B. Extraversion C. Emotional stability D. Agreeableness E. Conscientiousness
D. Agreeableness
People in the office know that if you need something done, you can count on Shanna. She is detail-oriented, thorough, and her work is always completed on time. Which of the personality traits in the Big Five Model would this best illustrate? A. Extraversion B. Agreeableness C. Openness to experience D. Conscientiousness E. Emotional stability
D. Conscientiousness
Which of the following was the primary focus of leadership behavior theories? A. The match between the leader's style and the amount of situational control B. The creation of in-groups and out-groups by the leader C. Characteristics possessed by effective leaders D. How leaders interacted with their subordinates E. The impact of followers' readiness
D. How leaders interacted with their subordinates
According to the video, Rudi's Bakery views management's job as creating a culture/environment where people are excited to come to work everyday. Doug Radi, Rudi's Bakery's Vice President of Marketing views this description of management's job as a way to ensure employee ________________________. A. involvement B. turnover C. support D. Job satisfaction E. engagement
D. Job satisfaction
Which leadership style identified by situational leadership theory (SLT) is characterized by a low level of task behavior and a high level of relationship behavior? A. Selling B. Delegating C. Telling D. Participating E. Initiating
D. Participating
One of the things that Alexis enjoys about her job is that no two days are the same. Every day, she encounters new situations that require her to utilize different abilities and talents. Which element of the job characteristics model does this illustrate? A. Task significance B. Autonomy C. Task identity D. Skill variety E. Feedback
D. Skill variety
Thad has always been a hard-charger when it comes to his career. He's the first one in the office every morning and the last one to leave, and it's important to him to excel in everything he does. According to McClelland, Thad would appear to have a high need for ________. A. power B. self-actualization C. affiliation D. achievement E. esteem
D. achievement
If a manager catches an employee while on a two-hour lunch break and requests that the employee return to work, this would be an example of ________ control. A. feedback B. customer C. feedforward D. concurrent E. financial
D. concurrent
The aspect of attribution in which we determine if the behavior exhibited by a person is unusual is referred to as ________. A. consent B. continuity C. consensus D. distinctiveness E. consistency
D. distinctiveness
Adding tasks to an existing job is referred to as job ________. A. enrichment B. rotation C. depth D. enlargement E. empowerment
D. enlargement
One of the items on the list is _________working hours. A. good B. secure C. fair D. flexible
D. flexible
The process of directing and influencing a group to achieve its goals is referred to as ________. A. power B. micro-management C. organization D. leadership E. groupthink
D. leadership
The behavior shaping method of rewarding a response by eliminating or withdrawing something unpleasant is referred to as ________. A. retribution B. extinction C. punishment D. negative reinforcement E. positive reinforcement
D. negative reinforcement
The measure of how appropriate organizational goals are and how well those goals are being met is referred to as ________. A. performance B. a balanced scorecard approach C. organizational performance D. organizational effectiveness E. productivity
D. organizational effectiveness
The process of determining who is the best, who sets the standards, and what those standards are, is known as ________. A. the acid test B. corporate governance C. a balanced scorecard approach D. organizational performance E. benchmarking
E. benchmarking
In the video, Scott Yanagihara clearly has processes in place for ________, which is an important part of controlling. A. creating sales expectations B. auditing accounts to determine profit margins C. checking federal regulation compliance D. checking the rate of sales E. checking that work is being done well
E. checking that work is being done well
Managers often walk around the work area they are responsible for to try to reduce employee time theft. Management by walking around is the best-known form of ___________________ control. A. profit maximization B. feedforward C. feedback D. cost cutting E. concurrent
E. concurrent
Operant conditioning argues that behavior is a function of ________. A. perception B. emotions C. attitude D. personality E. consequences
E. consequences
Wade is the kind of manager who has always been concerned not only with numbers, but also with people. He feels that a happy work crew is a productive work crew. According to the Ohio State studies, Wade would be high in ________. A. production-oriented behavior B. laissez-faire leadership C. initiating structure D. employee-oriented behavior E. consideration behavior
E. consideration behavior
Kawa Hatel, Platinum Auto Body Co-Owner, would most likely agree that an effective team leader at Platinum Auto Body is one who ________. A. assumes self-gratification rather than commitment to duty or altruistic motivation B. tells subordinates exactly what to do and harangues them when they lack efficiency C. encourages subordinates to cope with increased work demands D. listens to subordinates yet emphasizes that individual projects are critically important E. encourages and supports collaboration in achieving common goals
E. encourages and supports collaboration in achieving common goals
According to the path-goal theory, ________ contingency factors determine the type of leader behavior required in order to maximize outcomes; ________ contingency factors determine how the leader behavior is interpreted. A. subordinate; environmental B. internal; external C. leader; subordinate D. subordinate; leader E. environmental; subordinate
E. environmental; subordinate
Scott Yanagihara mentions that CH2MHill works ahead of time to get all relevant permits so that work can proceed in a timely manner. This best exemplifies ________. A. feedback control B. management by walking around C. concurrent control D. financial control E. feedforward control
E. feedforward control
According to situational leadership theory (SLT), the optimal combination of task and relationship behaviors depends on the ________ of followers to accomplish a specific task. A. aptitude B. training C. motivation D. experience E. readiness
E. readiness
A leader who focuses on clarifying employees' roles and task expectations and then provides rewards and/or punishments based upon their performance would be described as a ________ leader. A. laissez-faire B. charismatic C. democratic D. transformational E. transactional
E. transactional