NUR 2030 - 49 - Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Developmental and Metabolic Disorders

What should the nurse teach a client who is on bed rest?

Immobilization will lead to deconditioning of the muscles

An older adult is being evaluated for chronic fatigue. Which assessment data by the nurse would support the diagnosis?

Inability to concentrate; awakens after a few hours of sleep and cannot return to sleep

Which assessment finding indicates a positive respiratory response to exercise?

Increased alveolar perfusion (Exercise causes an increase in respiratory rate, increased oxygenation to cells, and increased alveolar perfusion through opening of more pulmonary capillary beds.)

A child has been diagnosed with myopathic neuromuscular scoliosis. What other concurrent diagnosis may the child have?

Cerebral palsy

The nursing instructor is teaching about osteoporosis and tells students that reduced physical activity can contribute to the loss of bone mass. What does the nurse tell the students is the rationale for this?

"Reduced physical activity increases the rate of bone loss, as mechanical forces are important stimuli for normal bone remodeling."

The parents of a 6-year-old child diagnosed with bilateral genu valgum (knock knees) ask the health care provider when treatment will begin to correct the problem. The best response would be:

"The child's measurements fit within the acceptable assessment period; treatment is not necessary at this time." (genu valgum can be ignored up to 7 years of age, unless it is >15 degrees, unilateral, or associated with short stature)

Which assessment findings assist in diagnosing Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease? Select all that apply.

-Pain in the knee -Pain in the thigh -Difficulty walking -Limpness

What is the definition of a congenital deformity?

Abnormalities present at birth

Nursing students are studying metabolic disorders of the skeletal system and correctly identify which factor to be the major cause of osteoporosis?

Aging process

An adult client with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus performing isometric exercise to help control his blood glucose level will gain which benefit?

An increase in their basal metabolic level

A child presents to the emergency room with suspected trauma to the growth plate in the ankle during a soccer game. Which step is the best intervention?

Assess the child for pain and prepare for diagnostic studies.

The nurse is providing care for an adult client whose current medication regimen includes calcitonin and a bisphosphonate. The nurse should recognize the likely need for:

Bone density testing on a scheduled basis (Calcitonin and bisphosphonates are commonly used in the treatment of osteoporosis, in order to slow bone resorption)

Which measures should a public health nurse recommend to middle-aged women to reduce their chances of developing osteoporosis later in life?

Calcium supplementation and regular weight=bearing activities

Which of the following is a priority goal for a client with pes planus (flat feet)?

Decreased pain

The nurse is assessing a female client's risk for osteoporosis. Which factor places this client at greatest risk?

Menopause

Which statement will the nurse include when teaching about fetal development?

Ossification of the fetal skeleton begins in the ninth week

The nurse caring for a child with a deficiency of vitamin D knows that the deficiency places the child at risk for:

Rickets

An infant is born with a clubfoot. The nurse should anticipate which treatment measures will be instituted?

Serial manipulations and casting

Which assessment finding is a negative cardiac response to exercise?

The client's diastolic BP increases (The systolic blood pressure may increase during exercise; however, diastolic blood pressure should remain unchanged)

Which statement is true about treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip?

Treatment needs to be individualized

Which assessment finding leads the nurse to suspect a child has Blount disease (tibia vara)?

Unilateral rotational deformity of the proximal tibia

A 2-year-old has bowing of the legs (genu varum). When should the health care professional should be concerned?

When there is a large separation between the knees greater than 15 degrees. A separation less than 10 degrees is unconcerning.

Which statement will the nurse impart to the parent of a child with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?

A genetic pattern for this disease has not been established

A client presented to the emergency department after getting "hit in the head with a baseball" while watching his grandson play. An x-ray of the head reveals poor quality of bone. The ED physician suspects the client has Paget disease. Which signs/symptoms help confirm this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

-"I've had a lot of headaches lately" -"Every now and then, I get a ringing in my ears" -"I have gotten dizzy and had to sit down while shopping"

What are the manifestations of osteogenesis imperfecta? Select all that apply.

-Triangular face -Scoliosis -Blue or grey sclera

It is suspected that a client has osteomalacia. What should the nurse teach the client about potential causes of this condition?

Insufficient calcium absorption and phosphate deficiency are the causes

A daughter is concerned because her elderly parent has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. The daughter asks the nurse why this happened. The best response would be that:

Intestinal absorption slows as natural aging occurs

Which of the following should the nurse teach about secondary osteoporosis?

It is secondary to many conditions

The pediatric nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child with toeing-out (slew foot). Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?

It will most likely self-correct as the child becomes proficient in walking