Management Final

What management challenges do virtual teams present?

1. Managers think they have to see team members working to believe that work is being done 2. Building trust among members separated geographically. 3. communication is especially important.

Identify the five needs of Maslow's hierarchy

1. Self-actualization 2. Esteem 3. Love/Belonging 4. Safety 5. Psychological

What are the assumptions of the rational decision-making model?

1. people understand what the decision to be made is. 2. people know all their available choices. 3. people want to make optimal decisions.

What does POLC stand for?

> Planning > Organizing > Leading > Controlling

What are the advantages of written communication?

> Provide a tangible and verifiable record > Record can be stored for an indefinite period of time > Physically available for later reference > More likely to be well thought-out, logical, and clear

How can we have effective communication in organizations?

> Secure Communication Channels > Eliminate Barriers

What are the disadvantage of written communication?

> Time consuming > Lack of feedback > May not be read

What are SMART goals?

> specific > measurable > aggressive/achievable >realistic > timely.

requires employers to take positive steps to guarantee equal employment opportunities for people within protected groups

Affirmative action

What is noise in the process model of communication?

Anything that interferes with or distorts the Message being transformed

> high task, low relationship > Task oriented, hard on workers > little or no allowance for cooperation or collaboration

Authoritarian Leader

> make the decision alone without necessarily involving employees in the decision making process. > works well in environments that require near-perfect accuracy such as a factory

Autocratic leadership

________________ is a group process of generated ideas that follows a set of guidelines which include no criticism of ideas, and building on other ideas

Brainstorming

________________ is a group process of generated ideas that follows a set of guidelines which include no criticism of ideas, and building on other ideas.

Brainstorming

> driven by their convictions and commitment to their cause. > depends on the leaders' personality and actions (not the process or structure), which can inspire and motivate followers to perform at high levels.

Charismatic leadership

What are the traits related to leader emergence?

Conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness

> low task, high relationship > uses predominantly reward power to maintain discipline > incapable of employing the more punitive coercive and legitimate powers

Country Club Leader

________________ refers to selecting choices among alternative courses of action, which may also include inaction.

Decision making

> Encourage employees participate in the making of the decision > Distribute responsibility among the membership

Democratic Leadership

refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Discrimination

happens when the sender or the receiver is upset, whether about the subject at hand or about some unrelated incident that may have happened earlier.

Emotional disconnect

________________________ happen when the Sender or the Receiver is upset, whether about the subject at hand.

Emotional disconnects

_____________ needs refer to the desire to be respected by one's peers, feeling important, and being appreciated.

Esteem

In bounded rationality model, Individuals knowingly expand their options and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search for alternatives.

False: In bounded rationality model, Individuals knowingly limit their options and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search for alternatives.

Once physiological needs are satisfied, people tend to become concerned about self- actualization.

False: Once physiological needs are satisfied, people tend to become concerned about safety.

Self-esteem is one of the Big Five personality traits and is an important aspect of one's personality.

False: Self-esteem is not one of the Big Five personality traits but it is an important aspect of one's personality

All leaders hold a position of authority and may utilize the power that comes from their position, as well as their personal power to influence others.

False: Some leaders hold a position of authority and may utilize the power that comes from their position, as well as their personal power to influence others.

The tendency to avoid critical evaluation of ideas the group favors is called social loafing.

False: The tendency to avoid critical evaluation of ideas the group favors is called groupthink.

Written communications do a better job of conveying feelings

False: Written communications do a better job of conveying facts

A group made up of managers, subordinates, or both with close associations among group members that influence the behavior of individuals in the group is a(n) ___________ work group.

Formal

Leaders who hold a position of authority and may utilize the power that comes from their position, as well as their personal power to influence others, is/are called _______________.

Formal Leaders

A collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person's actions have an impact on the others is a ______________.

Group

What are the issues in group decision making?

Groupthink and social loafing

> low task, low relationship > uses a "delegate and disappear" management style > allow their team to do whatever it wishes and prefer to detach themselves from the team process

Impoverished Leader

In the ___________________________________ of decision making, individuals knowingly limit their options to a manageable set and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search for alternatives.

In the bounded rationality model

__________________________________ groups are made up of two or more individuals who are associated with one another in ways not prescribed by the formal organization.

Informal

Companies often have their own acronyms and buzzwords called business _____________.

Jargon

defines ethical behavior as that which treats people fairly according to guiding rules.

Justice View

__________________ may be defined as the act of influencing others to work toward a goal.

Leadership

the ability to influence people toward the attainment of organizational goals

Leadership

_____________________ refers to a broadly stated definition of the organization's basic business scope and operations that distinguishes it from similar types of organizations.

Mission Statement

The meaning that the receiver assigns may not be the meaning that the sender intended, due to factors such as _______________.

Noise

_________________ are unique and important and require conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives.

Nonprogrammed decisions

defined as the framework in which the organization defined how tasks are divided, resources are deployed, and departments are coordinated.

Organization Structure

refers to the deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals.

Organizing

> show concern for follower feelings > treat followers with respect > demonstrate their concern in their actions and decisions

People-oriented Leadership

the act of determining the organization's goals and the means for achieving them.

Planning

refers to becoming all you are capable of becoming, manifesting itself by acquiring new skills, taking on new challenges and behaving in a way that will lead to the satisfaction of one's life goals.

Self-actualization

> primary mission: to develop followers and help them reach their goals > put their followers first, understand their personal needs and desires, empower them, and help them develop in their careers

Servant leadership

A ______________ is a temporary team which is asked to address a specific issue or problem until it is resolved.

Task Force

> Interest: increasing the performance of the group > encourage employees to get things done > structure the roles of subordinates with instructions

Task-oriented leadership

A _______________ is a particular type of group; a cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve mutual goals.

Team

> high task, high relationship > leads by positive example > foster a team environment > encourage the team to reach team goals as effectively as possible, while also working tirelessly to strengthen the bonds among the various members.

Team Leader

Give an example of social loafing.

Team exercise

gives all employees the responsibility for achieving quality goals.

Total quality management

ensure that employees demonstrate the right behaviors because the leader provides resources in exchange

Transactional leaders

> focus on results > value order and structure.

Transactional leadership

distinguished by his/her ability to bring about organizational change.

Transformational leader

> transform or motivate followers to go beyond their own self-interests for the good of their group. > understand how to form them into integral units that work well with others.

Transformational leadership

Groups tend to suffer from symptoms of groupthink

True

Jargon can be an obstacle to effective communication.

True

Rational decision-making model describes the series of steps that decision makers should consider if their goal is to maximize their outcomes

True

Selective perception is the filtering of information to suit our own needs.

True

There is a connection between some personality traits and charisma

True

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination in employment.

True

Virtual teams are formed to take advantage of distributed expertise or time

True

When leaders are task-oriented, productivity tends to be a bit higher.

True

refers to a moral principle that asserts that morally correct actions are those that provide the greatest volume of benefits over harms for the majority of people.

Utalitarian Approach

________________ communication in business may take place over the phone, in person, or via video conferencing.

Verbal

_______________ teams are where members are not located in the same physical place.

Virtual

In the intuitive decision making model, experts making decisions scan the environment for cues to recognize patterns. Once a pattern is recognized, they can plan a potential course of action based on what?

based on their prior experience.

In the ______________________________, individuals knowingly limit their options and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search for alternatives

bounded rationality model

Being curious, original, intellectual, creative and open to new ideas describes the Big Five Trait of: a. Organization b. Conscientiousness c. Openness d. Agreeableness

c. Openness

Leadership behavior that inspires confidence, commitment, and admiration toward the leader is called ______________.

charisma

A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior is__________________________.

communication

Being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented and dependable describes the Big Five Trait of ______________.

conscientiousness

Which of the following is not highly correlated with leadership ability? a. Intelligence b. Self esteem c. Integrity d. Skill and ability

d. Skill and ability

The automated response is called the ________________.

decision rule

The receiver _____________________________ a message by assigning meaning to the words.

decodes

According to the ______________ theory, individuals are motivated by a sense of fairness in their interactions.

equity

Verbal communications are a better way to convey _________

feelings

Leaders who hold a position of authority and may utilize the power that comes from their position, as well as their personal power to influence others, is/are called _______________.

formal leader

A collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person's actions have an impact on the others is a ______________

group

A group pressure phenomenon that increases the risk of the group making flawed decisions by allowing reductions in mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment is called ________________.

groupthink

Maslow's theory is based on a simple premise: human beings have needs that are _______________ ranked.

hierarchically

A few people in the company who get together to play tennis on the weekend would be considered an ____________ group.

informal group.

Leaders without a formal position of authority with the organization but who demonstrate leadership by influencing others through personal forms of power is/are called _________________

informal leaders

Leaders without a formal position of authority with the organization but who demonstrate leadership by influencing others through personal forms of power is/are called _________________.

informal leaders

Use the _____________ decision-making model when you have experience with the problem.

intuitive

The model that refers to arriving at decisions without conscious reasoning is called ___________________.

intuitive decision making model

Group decision making draws from the experiences and perspectives of a ___________ number of individuals.

large

The meaning that the receiver assigns may not be the meaning that the sender intended, due to factors such as _______________.

noise

The most basic of Maslow's needs are _______________ needs.

physiological

Decisions that occur frequently enough that we develop an automated response to them are termed ________________.

programmed decisions

The concern from danger, pain, or an uncertain future is the need for ____________.

safety

The personal filtering of what we see and hear so as to suit our own needs is called ____________.

selective perception

_______________ needs may be satisfied by providing development and growth opportunities on or off the job, as well as by assigning interesting and challenging work.

self-actualization

The tendency of individuals to put forth less effort while working in a group context is called _______________.

social loafing

What is jargon?

specialized terms used by a group or profession.

Written communication provide a ____________ and ______________ record.

tangible, verifiable

When leaders are ______________, productivity tends to be higher.

task-oriented

Formal leaders utilize the power that comes from _______________.

their position

The counterpart to the transactional leadership approach, in which the leader focuses on getting employees to achieve organizational goals is called ___________________.

transformational

In contrast to verbal communications, _________________ business communications are printed messages.

written