Management Final

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Reporting relationships between bosses and subordinates are tied with the ________ dimension of a firm's structure.

Vertical

United Power Resources Corporation acquired multiple electric utility companies and is now a major provider of electrical power in the southwestern portion of the United States. After careful deliberation, the executive team of United Power developed and released the corporation's mission statement:

"We Power the Southwest"

Which of the following statements is true of organizational visions?

A person can develop a vision for any task.

How does clan control differ from bureaucratic control and market control?

Clan control does not assume that the interests of the organization and individuals naturally diverge.

In planning, the goal is to come up with a clear and ________ map to follow in future activities.In planning, the goal is to come up with a clear and ________ map to follow in future activities.

Flexible

Which of the following best describes valence?

It is the value the expected outcome holds for the person contemplating it.

Alvita works for a company that extracts minerals from the ground. Her new CEO wants to be sure the company can keep extracting minerals and continue to work with landowners to get mineral rights for many years. The CEO asks Alvita to audit how the likely the company will be able to sustain its operations long-term. What should Alvita keep in mind while conducting this audit?`

She should consider company profits, the local people, and the local environment.

Which of the following is an advantage of technology leadership?

There is little or no competition.

Which of the following would be a likely target of an internal audit?

a corporation's charitable-giving program

Being world class requires

applying the best, most up-to-date knowledge.

Technology followership can be used to support

both low-cost and differentiation strategies.

The exploding growth in piracy or fakery of patented pharmaceuticals, software, and other products has added new barriers to

economic viability.

Failure to provide positive feedback for a job well done, resulting in lower motivation thereafter is an example of a(n)

extinction

A bonus is an example of a(n)

extrinsic reward.

The three basic approaches to departmentalization are

functional, divisional, and matrix.

Organizational behavior modification focuses on

influencing people's behavior.

Management myopia occurs when managers

limit their focus to short-term profits at the expense of longer-term strategic obligations.

The "tyranny of the or" refers to the belief that things

must be either A or B, but not both.

Corporate boards hire ________ directors to provide different information and perspectives and to prevent big mistakes.

outside

Instrumentality is the

perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome.

Authority typically is associated with a particular

position rather than a particular person.

A contribution of Herzberg's two-factor theory is that it

reminds managers to focus on intrinsic as well as extrinsic rewards.

The general goal of quality of work life programs is to

satisfy the full range of employee needs.

"To fly what others only imagine" is an example of a

strategic vision statement.

The three categories of leadership behaviors that have received particular attention are

task performance, group maintenance, and employee participation in decision making.

For which of the following reasons might a firm choose to trade technology?

to avoid development costs

As an identified leadership trait, leadership motivation suggests that great leaders

want to lead

"We've had to cut our overhead expenses, and we let go several of our support staff," said J. Montgomery Sutcliffe, Managing Partner of Pleshette and Sutcliffe LLC. "However, you are brilliant attorneys, and I am counting upon each of you to creatively deliver even better legal services to our clients, even while doing extra work that was previously done by our support staff." J. Montgomery is counting upon his team to subscribe to the belief known as the ________, the ability to achieve multiple objectives at the same time.

"genius of the and"

According to Jim Collins, a highly capable individual who makes productive contributions through talent, knowledge, skills, and good work habits is most likely to be categorized under Level ________ of the Level 5 hierarchy.

Mason, a frontline manager, confided in his peer, "The marketplace is changing, and our organization isn't keeping up with it. Our financial performance has been a disaster for the past two years. Employee morale is horrible, and I feel as if the company is surviving day to day. ________ is lacking, and our executive management really needs to step up and develop one."

A clear vision

Which statement about the technology life cycle is true?

A technology life cycle can be made up of many individual product life cycles.

Dolly is a mid-level manager. Her supervisor wants her to take a tough stance with her employees. If Dolly cracks down on disciplinary issues, she will easily qualify for a bonus for adhering to the employee discipline system supported by her supervisor, and she knows he will quickly give her the bonus as an incentive for other supervisors to follow the same steps. Dolly is a bit concerned that the new program is too restrictive of the employees' ability to individualize their work, and even though it will streamline the production process, she feels certain it will ultimately lead to lower output by restricting the creativity and motivation of her workers. Dolly knows which employees are violating procedures and exactly how she could implement the plan to get her bonus. Nonetheless, Dolly is not really motivated to enact the new discipline plan. What factor is causing Dolly to lack motivation?

Dolly feels the negative consequences of the new program outweigh the benefits.

Tyra Kendrick, Western Division manager, knows that the upcoming year's budget and planning process will be a challenge. For the first time in ten years, the company is changing its budgeting, salary administration, and marketing approach, and a major reorganization will be involved. She expects the managers and staff to resist the planned changes. How might she influence her managers to accept and publicly support the changes?

Involve her managers in design and implementation of the budget and planning process.

William started his company, StoryMaps, in 2005 with a lofty goal. He wanted to "bring people together by revolutionizing the way they understand and communicate about their neighborhoods." StoryMaps allowed users to hover over a map location and zoom in to post stories, reminiscences, thoughts, photos, and reviews of locations and read those left by others. William envisioned StoryMaps as "a mashup of Yelp, Google Maps, and an online literary magazine" and the company's stated mission was that it would "foster meaningful conversations in the Internet age." He enlisted several well-known writers to contribute stories about map locations meaningful to them. Initially, StoryMaps approached schools and universities about incorporating StoryMaps into their curriculum. But when a startup expressed interest in partnering with StoryMaps to develop a mobile app that would reach a larger market, William was reticent. He did not think StoryMaps needed an app—at that time, apps were still fairly new, costly, and many of them failed. StoryMaps managed for a couple of years before finally going under in 2007. Why did William's vision fail?

It failed to adapt to environmental changes in the market.

Which of the following statements is true regarding Maslow's need hierarchy?

It holds that people satisfy their needs in a specific order.

Which of the following best describes what a profitability ratio is?

It indicates management's ability to generate a financial return on sales or investment.

Which of the following is true of negative reinforcement?

It involves removing or withholding an undesirable consequence.

Which of the following conditions must be true for clan control to be effective?

Managers create a culture that encourages correct behavior.

Mindful Maids Inc., a housecleaning services firm, has completed a SWOT analysis as part of its ongoing strategic planning process. Management has uncovered the following information through extensive research: 1. New regulations have been passed limiting the number of hours per week the company's employees can work without receiving benefits. 2. Mindful Maids is a company that uses environmentally friendly products; its competitors do not. 3. More and more homeowners are concerned about the environment; it is expected that this trend will continue for decades. 4. Compared to its competitors, its management team is by far the best in the industry. 5. It has fallen behind in staff training over the last few years. 6. The company has adequate financial resources to invest in its operations. 7. The percentage of people hiring cleaning services has fallen off due to a difficult recession. Which of the following findings is a weakness for Mindful Maids?

Mindful Maids has fallen behind in staff training over the last several years.

More and more homeowners are concerned about the environment.

Tarik's business uses environmental databases that are readily available and cost-effective, but his vice president of operations thinks they need to develop a database for a new project. What would you advise them to do to make it the simplest, easiest, and most effective way to have that needed database?

Purchase it.

Randy's company was hemorrhaging money. It was also losing many valuable employees through layoffs and resignations. He tried, but failed, to motivate his best employee, Jill, by discussing her next year's goals, appealing to her full potential as a professional. She told him she could not think about next year—she was worried about keeping her job this year. In accordance with Maslow's need hierarchy, why is Randy failing to motivate Jill?

Randy is speaking to higher-level needs that Jill is not in a position to currently appreciate.

________ power is held by a manager who has control over the size of an employee's raise.

Reward

Which of the following statements about six sigma is true?

Six sigma indicates how often defects in a process are likely to occur.

Which of the following statements about tactical planning is true?

Tactical plans have a medium-time horizon and contain a medium level of detail.

Which of the following is true of effective followers?

They are willing to tell the truth.

Claus manages a large business unit in a global corporation. Recently, the business unit has experienced recruiting failures. Claus needs to change the long-standing recruiting process, although many staff will resist any changes, including Nick, a tremendous talent but a "loose cannon." Nick has been vocal in his criticism of the recruiting program. What is a covert tactic that Claus might successfully employ to change his recruiting program and gain the staff's acceptance of the changes?

Use co-optation by asking Nick to serve a significant role in the change process.

Diana, a team lead, realizes that her team is composed of people with varying interests. Jin has a strong desire to influence others and encourage them to improve and enhance organizational goals. Merle wishes to be liked by others in the organization. Maria has the tendency to control others and often tries to manipulate and exploit them. Sam is obsessed with accomplishing his goals and strives to succeed. Diana often motivates her team members by giving a raise when they perform well. However, when they perform poorly, Diana assigns them undesirable tasks. According to McClelland's theory, Sam has a need for

achievement.

Selma has developed and patented a new process for recycling discarded tires. A multinational corporation has expressed an interest in buying her company in order to gain access to the technology and keep it exclusively for itself. Should Selma sell her company, the buyer will have acquired technology via

acquisition of the technology owner.

Although Trans-American Consolidated Truck & Transport is a large, bureaucratic organization, it is about to undertake a massive change in the way it does business. These changes will include redesigning processes, reward systems, and managerial selection and training. The ultimate goal of these changes is to improve the company's efficiency, allowing it to achieve many goals at the same time. For the purpose, the company develops a project team, which is asked to identify the factors that prevent people from changing, as well as those that drive them toward change. The ultimate goal of the change process is to enable the company to achieve many goals at the same time, which is known as organizational

ambidexterity.

Oxy Systems Corp. was the first company to utilize a new device developed by Symbol Developers Inc. that enabled Oxy to locate previously undetected underground hot springs that could be tapped as geothermal heating sources. Oxy Systems tested the device and provided a testimonial to other organizations about the product. However, the other organizations were hesitant and decided to wait until the product was proven reliable. In this case, Oxy Systems can be classified as

an innovator.

A differentiation strategy is best defined as a strategy

an organization uses to build competitive advantage by being unique in its industry or market segment along one or more dimensions.

Max is manager of the local Zesty Sam's, a fast-food restaurant. His store has consistently underperformed the national average for the chain, and now word has come down from on high that he needs to make some major changes if he wants to keep his job. He has analyzed the situation and knows that the problem comes from the workforce, which is composed primarily of teenagers. Most of them tend to be blasé when it comes to following instructions, and many seem more interested in elaborate jokes and pranks than in getting the job done. The best way for Max to bring about the changes he needs is to tell his employees what needs to be done and then inform them that

anyone who fails to comply with his instructions will be fired within two weeks.

Of the adopters of new technologies, the members of the early majority

are more skeptical of technological change and approach innovation with caution.

How would a firm's highly regarded brand be listed in a typical SWOT analysis?

as a strength

Harvey heads a company that builds stairways and ramps. One of his lead scientists, Carrie, has an idea to create an outdoor stairway that automatically adjusts to the slope of the ground. Her research is very well done and provides some interesting discoveries, but her project does not succeed. How should Harvey deal with Carrie's failure to complete her project successfully?

ask her to see if she can apply her results to another project that will work

During which step of strategy implementation would an executive evaluate his or her company's ability to implement strategic tasks?

assessing organization capabilities

Lifelong learning requires

assessing the reasons behind one's successes and failures.

As a career development specialist with a large multinational corporation, Jose Diego speaks with young managers regularly about furthering their own leadership development. Patterned after what Jose Diego learned in his first management course, he gives them three pieces of advice for effective developmental experiences: 1. First, instead of always taking the familiar path, try something that is a little uncomfortable and new for you. 2. Second, think about what has been successful for you and what has not. Ask your peers, supervisors, colleagues, and customers for feedback to clarify what you need to improve or change. 3. Finally, make sure you have a network of individuals who are willing to "talk you through" when things are tough. In his second piece of advice, Diego is referring to which of the following key components for effective developmental experiences?

assessment

Greg is the finance manager of Magical Messages Corp. a communication and information technology corporation. His department is working on enforcing some financial controls on the organization. Greg assigns different tasks to his team members. Stacey's task is to give him a present financial picture of the company. Pete's task is to give him the values of various items the company owns. Julio's task is to give him a report on the amount the company owes to various creditors. Finally, Gretchen's task is to prepare a report on the amount accruing to the corporation's owners. On which of the following would Pete be working?

assets

In path-goal theory, the degree to which followers respect, admire, and defer to authority is called

authoritarianism.

"I'm not sure that I'm going to like our new boss," said Terrence to his co-worker, Fiona. "I've noticed that when a decision needs to be made - Boom! - she makes it, announces it, and moves on without consulting any of us." Terrence's new boss is using a(n) ________ leadership approach to decision making.

autocratic

According to Hackman and Oldham's model of job design, the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion in making decisions refers to

autonomy.

"Some of our competitors are putting us to shame with their use of technology—not only out in the field, but at the current tradeshow," said Max. "I toured all of the tradeshow displays and took notes on what our competitors are doing, so that we can compare our practices and technologies with those of our competitors. I'll bet we can learn a thing or two." Max has been engaged in

benchmarking

Farah's Falafels, a chain of Middle Eastern restaurants, periodically compares its quality and service levels to other successful restaurants in order to continually improve its own performance. This practice is known as

benchmarking

Whereas ________ focuses on key and perhaps some pacing technologies, ________ seeks out pacing and emerging technologies.

benchmarking; scanning

Preston wanted to delegate an important task to a subordinate, and he had several candidates in mind. He decided to delegate the task to Val, who was not only capable but who would also

benefit from developing skills through assuming the additional responsibility associated with the task.

A situational analysis should focus on

both the internal forces in the organization and influences from the external environment

In today's complex organizations, the budget process is most likely to be

bottom-up

Global Beverage Corporation is planning a worldwide celebration on a particular day in July that marks the centennial of the company's founding. However, this has caused a problem in one of its overseas markets, where that day happens to coincide with a solemn national holiday. How should Global Beverage handle the situation?

by allowing its local management team, in consultation with national leaders and other local personnel, to develop plans for an alternative celebration

"Phil, if our top-level management wants us to produce a new line of lawn tractors over the next ten years, we will need to invest in another factory assembly line. And that's going to cost big bucks," said Bob Lawson, factory manager for TopLawn, Inc. "Please start greasing the skids internally. I don't want the home-office executives to be surprised when they see high-dollar fixed assets in my ________ budget."

capital

Stevie is preparing a budget that shows the company's expected sales receipts and expenditures for the year, a projection of how much cash will be available each month, and the extent of outside financing the company might need. This is a ________ budget.

cash

In a four-year time period, Isaiah's organization has grown from a one-man motorcycle repair shop to a custom bike manufacturing/assembly and rebuild business employing 24 mechanics and technicians. Due to Isaiah's difficulty in delegating responsibility, he makes almost all important business and design/technical decisions. As a result, he is working 80 hours per week, and the business has stopped expanding. The business is suffering an employee turnover problem. Isaiah's business is a(n) ________ organization.

centralized

At a management retreat, Nicole Noah and her colleagues are reminiscing about how much they enjoyed college life. Everyone remembers their favorite management topics. Nicole Noah is surprised to realize that each of them has a favorite leadership perspective. However, no one can remember the name of the theory they liked most! 1. Lauren Lila knows that her favorite leadership perspective is the one that assumed that leaders are born, not made. (This is because Lauren Lila does, in fact, believe she is a "born leader.") 2. Misha Madison, on the other hand, has found that her most effective style of leadership is to capitalize on the fact that she arouses a sense of excitement in her employees, who genuinely like and admire her and want to follow her lead. 3. Tony Enzo argues that his favorite theory recognized that the best answer concerning which style of leadership to use is "It depends!" He maintains that the theory he liked the most argued for "looking before you lead." 4. Darren Liam argues that the company will be most effective when the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group. Madison's leadership style can be referred to as the ________ approach.

charismatic

As a consultant to a customer service facility, Hans Hiroko is conducting a leadership training seminar. He encourages several managers who are present to describe their success as leaders. 1. Stewart Sanjit says that he is successful because when he tells his subordinates to do something, they do it because he is the boss, and that is that. 2. Kim Kaley explains that she can get her employees to do what she wants because they like her and they want her to like them. 3. Jorge Mikal feels that his employees are cooperative because they realize that he knows more about how their jobs are done than anybody else in the plant. 4. Sara Lindsay says that all the others should use her secret: "If I can't get someone to work, I just take away their leave privileges and that corrects that problem!" 5. Scott Feargal gets more work from his team by getting the upper management to sanction incentives to the top performers of the month. Which of the following types of power does Lindsay exhibit?

coercive power

As managers lead into the future, ________ is a key to sustained success.

collaboration

Philippe wants to make sure of the success of his new doggy day care, PAWS, by employing the steps in the basic planning process. To initiate the process, what kinds of activities should we expect Philippe to be performing?

collecting data about competition, his financial position, and needs of local dog owners

Resistance to change is

common at all levels of an organization.

"My business relationship with the Southwest sales rep has really deteriorated. We used to cooperate; now we ________," said the manager of the Midwest region. "And I blame our new control system. Every month, managers across the entire enterprise get profit and loss statements for all divisions and business units. We look at one another's performance and are less likely to help one another when we know that our business unit or division may suffer a loss in profitability as a result. After all, promotions, salary increases, and bonus pools are tied to our profitability."

compete

Too much happy talk from company leadership, too many visible resources, low overall standards, a lack of sufficient performance feedback from outside sources, and the absence of a visible crisis are all causes for

complacency.

A global cosmetics company called Nature's Beauty is considering its corporate strategy. Several members of its board of directors believe they have the "perfect" strategy for the company. Bill believes that the best option is for Nature's Beauty to stay on its current track of offering only organic cosmetics to customers who like organic products. Chita wants the company to expand by purchasing the manufacturing plants that produce the Nature's Beauty products. Another director, Manuel, wants to build the company by adding related products, such as skin care and perfume, to be sold alongside its current products. Finally, the original owner of the company, Nuri, wants to expand the company by doing something completely new, such as building restaurants or perhaps starting an entertainment park. Which of the following corporate strategies is Bill advocating?

concentration

Joe Snyder is owner and general manager of Joe's Seafood, a regional seafood restaurant chain. Joe told his store managers in their annual planning retreat, "We know seafood. We've been a prosperous business for 20 years. Growth projections for our industry are rosy, and I'd like to take advantage of our expertise and positioning. Beginning next year, we will introduce a broader range of seafood to our menu, to appeal to those diners with luxury tastes." Based on the given information, Joe is proposing a(n)

concentration strategy.

After Denise's restaurant opened, she spent the first two weeks closely correcting any flaws she found in the way the business operated. This is an example of ________ control.

concurrent

LaWanda, the manager of a large beauty salon, is having problems with employees not complying with the rules about clocking in and clocking out each day. If the employees fail to follow these rules, their pay is affected. She is considering three different options for addressing this problem: 1. Adding supervision at the entrance so that employees comply with the rules during shift changes 2. Generating reports on employees not complying with the rules and asking these employees to take corrective measures 3. Implementing a new procedure that is easier for the employees to follow and conducting training so that each employee knows the policy and the procedure before it is enacted Which approach to bureaucratic control is described in option 1?

concurrent

Xena has been put in charge of a group of young employees who were recently hired by her company. In her new role as a supervisor, she is careful to keep an eye on the new employees to ensure that they work efficiently and avoid making serious mistakes. Which of the following types of control is Xena using?

concurrent control

Athletic Pursuits specializes in sporting equipment. Recently, it has decided to add to its business units by opening a steakhouse near a convention center. This strategy is an example of

conglomerate diversification.

An approach that involves feedback and discussions to figure out jointly how to approach problems and devise solutions that are agreeable to everyone is known as

coordination by mutual adjustment.

Aspen Incorporated has developed a set of procedures to link the various subunits and departments of the corporation in order to carry out the organization's overall mission. The procedures that fulfill this function are referred to as

coordination.

Get in the Game Footwear, Inc., makes athletic shoes. Its departments are structured around products sold to professional athletes, novice athletes, and nonathletes. Get in the Game Footwear uses ________ departmentalization.

customer

In the context of Vroom's leader decision styles, which of the following styles is exemplified when a manager makes a choice using information that she or he considers relevant and then announces it to the group?

decide

An advantage of functional departmentalization is the fact that

decision making and lines of communication are simple and clearly understood.

Under the product structure of divisional organization,

decision making is decentralized.

Under equity theory, employees may attempt to ________ in their efforts to restore balance.

decrease others' outcomes

Dante, an operations manager at Therma-Pro Insulation, has been put on a big project with a tight deadline. He distributes half the work to two other supervisors, taking care of the bigger aspects of the project himself. This is an example of

delegation

Everyday Fashions Corp. is a clothing manufacturer. It has marketing, production, and finance departments, with a manager who heads each of the departments. Beatrice, the CEO, distributes the various organizational tasks to each manager by assigning authority and responsibility. Each manager has ten subordinates who are required to report to him or her. Each department works on its set of tasks in the organization. Beatrice is the top manager, followed by the department heads, and lastly the supervisors. All the managers are accountable to Beatrice alone. As CEO of Everyday Fashions Corp., Beatrice distributes work and assigns responsibility to the various department managers through the process known as

delegation

"Todd, you have a strong management team supporting you, and I applaud your efforts to solicit information, opinions, and preferences from your team, and in seeking consensus in reaching decisions," said Bill. "But sometimes decisions need to be made more quickly, and sometimes your team simply wants you to step up and make certain tough decisions. In other words, a(n) ________ style of leadership is not always appropriate."

democratic

Among the steps for leading change, the one that involves determining the idealized, expected state of affairs after the change is implemented is

developing a vision and strategy.

Doreen has announced to her employees at the Cable Car Bakery that she is changing their pay structure in a way that she believes will benefit them in the long run. However, Taryn is not so convinced, and later she tells her coworkers that her sister's employer did something similar. "No matter what she says," Taryn said regarding Doreen, "it's all about what benefits her." This is an example of ________, a cause for resistance to change.

different assessments

In a matrix organization, each employee reports to a functional and a(n) ________ manager.

divisional

Nyla, an office manager for Riverside Dental Associates, has a high need for achievement, is constantly striving for improvement, and shows ambition and energy. This describes her

drive

Cyd viewed her staff as a competitive advantage. They had the necessary academic degrees, the necessary experience, and competitive salaries. Miranda, her division manager, said, "Cyd, until you have staff with rare and valuable academic research experience and corresponding degrees, and with talents that are world-class and in extremely high demand by your clients, such that they are willing to pay top dollar for that talent, your staff do not represent a competitive advantage. Your staff are too ________ by your competitors."

easy to imitate

The CEO of Universal Products Group is implementing changes to the company that will be difficult for the employees. The best approach to managing resistance to change would be to ________ the staff about the upcoming changes, before they occur, and to ________ the nature of the changes and their logic.

educate; communicate

The managers at Finnegan Insurance are proposing a change in the way performance evaluations are done. Most employees who dislike the change are unsure about how exactly the change will be made and do not have enough information about the new policy. Given this situation, the best method for managing resistance to change is most likely through

education and communication.

Jorge, the office manager of Metalblock Inc., believes that providing positive consequences for a job well done will increase the likelihood of good work performance in the future. Jorge personally sends e-mails to his employees to commend their efforts when they perform well. Karla, the CEO of Descriptive Designs Inc., takes her employees off probation early when they perform to her expectations. Barney, the sales manager of Queenstar Corp., often shouts at his employees when they perform poorly. He also fails to appreciate employees when they perform well, which often results in poor performances. It can be inferred that Jorge believes in the law of

effect

Charmed Power Inc. is working on a fast battery-recharging system that is still under development and has yet to be proved. Charmed Power's product is an example of a(n) ________ technology.

emerging

Planetary Systems is developing a gas vapor detection system that will be able to tell when a fuel system is in the early stages of becoming inefficient in a manner needing adjustment and will then sound an alarm to notify the driver. The system is still in the trial stages and has not been proven to be effective. What type of technology is this?

emerging

Danica leads a financial consulting firm. She used to have a set of resources and a list of ten guidelines for her employees to follow, based on her investing expertise. Over the past decade, she has had to hire many people to create digital content and run her IT and social media departments. Most of her employees now do nothing related to financial consulting but perform other tasks that are foreign to Danica. What should Danica do?

empower her employees to direct their own work in ways that meet her standards

According to Collins and Porras, an essential characteristic of a built-to-last company is

entrepreneurial thinking.

"Darwin, in our budget for next year, I want to include two new state-of-the-art CNC machining stations. Technology is passing us by, and we need to see what is being developed in CNC technology," said Paul O'Brien, plant manager, to his production supervisor. "Go to a tradeshow. Read some technical journals. Visit some suppliers. I'll need some descriptive and budgetary information from you in two months." Darwin will be engaging in

environmental scanning.

The Ascent, a mountain bicycle manufacturer, has been in the bicycle industry for a year now. The CEO wishes to better the company. He starts by looking at the sales records of the year that they have been in business and notices that the company's sales have been declining at a steady pace for the past six months and that at present they are selling only half as many bicycles as they want to. In an attempt to increase sales, he either wants to bring down the prices of his bicycles or expand the company by opening a new branch in another area. The CEO shares his views with the sales manager and finance managers. Together they decide that reducing the prices would definitely increase sales, although the profits would come down. They also determine that opening a new branch would only increase expenses. They conclude that they will reduce the prices of the bicycles. The plan is implemented and the CEO keeps a record of the sales every month to make sure the change is effective. When the managers were discussing that a change in location would be more expensive and that reducing prices would definitely increase sales, they were

evaluating the goals and plans.

"Mr. Perez, thank you for your time. One of my staff has done some promising lab work on a new application with significant commercial value. I'd like to schedule a presentation and demo for you later this week. If you like the work, I'd like to present to you the financial resources needed to further develop the application, and ask for your help in getting this before your executive peers or the board for consideration." In the development of new technology, Mr. Perez' role is as

executive champion

As a consultant to a customer service facility, Hans Hiroko is conducting a leadership training seminar. He encourages several managers who are present to describe their success as leaders. 1. Stewart Sanjit says that he is successful because when he tells his subordinates to do something, they do it because he is the boss, and that is that. 2. Kim Kaley explains that she can get her employees to do what she wants because they like her and they want her to like them. 3. Jorge Mikal feels that his employees are cooperative because they realize that he knows more about how their jobs are done than anybody else in the plant. 4. Sara Lindsay says that all the others should use her secret: "If I can't get someone to work, I just take away their leave privileges and that corrects that problem!" 5. Scott Feargal gets more work from his team by getting the upper management to sanction incentives to the top performers of the month. It can be inferred that Mikal is exhibiting ________ power.

expert

The Nagoya Precision Drill Company has just begun to initiate major changes in its manufacturing processes. There has been some resistance among employees to these changes, but middle management has developed some specific approaches to enlist their cooperation: 1. Management will hold a series of small-group discussions in which they will explain why the changes are being made. 2. A few leading workers known for their resistance to change have been appointed to serve as employee liaisons on the change leadership team. 3. A vacation-time bonus will be awarded to employee groups who meet the organization's timeline for implementing the changes. 4. If any employees consistently cause their work groups to fall behind schedule, they will be given the choice of either adapting to the new program or finding some other place to work. If any employee at Nagoya Precision Drill consistently causes his or her work group to fall behind schedule, that person will be given the choice of either adapting to the new program or finding some other place to work. Thus, the company leadership is attempting to manage resistance to change by means of

explicit and implicit coercion.

When resistance to change results from adjustment problems, a good way of managing the resistance to change is through

facilitation and support.

feedback

Laney uses the results of customer surveys to point out ways that her cashiers can improve their service. This is an example of ________ control.

feedback

Kartik's company is about to start manufacturing a new product. Before beginning operations, Kartik and several other managers develop procedures to ensure that the planned activities are carried out properly. This is an example of ________ control.

feedfoward

Bella is one of three managers at On-Time Electrical, where she supervises 32 repair technicians. She reports to the owner. On-Time Electrical would be considered a ________ organization.

flat

Identifying the specific forces that prevent people from changing and those that will drive people toward change is called

force-field analysis.

PowerSounds Inc. is a manufacturer of audio equipment. The corporation has production, marketing, accounting, and finance departments. They have a department that makes speakers, turntables, and accessories for professional DJs, and a department that produces equipment for home use. Marlena works in the production department manufacturing speaker components. She reports to the production manager and her project manager. Emmanuel works in the accounting department and also manages public relations. The organization requires all the employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt as part of the uniform. There are also specific procedures that the employees must follow while manufacturing the instruments. By requiring all employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt, PowerSounds Inc. is utilizing the principle known as

formalization

Everyday Fashions Corp. is a clothing manufacturer. It has marketing, production, and finance departments, with a manager who heads each of the departments. Beatrice, the CEO, distributes the various organizational tasks to each manager by assigning authority and responsibility. Each manager has ten subordinates who are required to report to him or her. Each department works on its set of tasks in the organization. Beatrice is the top manager, followed by the department heads, and lastly the supervisors. All the managers are accountable to Beatrice alone. Everyday Fashions Corp. utilizes the ________ departmentalization model.

functional

According to path-goal theory, achievement-oriented leadership is descriptive of leader behaviors that are

geared toward motivating people.

The Ascent, a mountain bicycle manufacturer, has been in the bicycle industry for a year now. The CEO wishes to better the company. He starts by looking at the sales records of the year that they have been in business and notices that the company's sales have been declining at a steady pace for the past six months and that at present they are selling only half as many bicycles as they want to. In an attempt to increase sales, he either wants to bring down the prices of his bicycles or expand the company by opening a new branch in another area. The CEO shares his views with the sales manager and finance managers. Together they decide that reducing the prices would definitely increase sales, although the profits would come down. They also determine that opening a new branch would only increase expenses. They conclude that they will reduce the prices of the bicycles. The plan is implemented and the CEO keeps a record of the sales every month to make sure the change is effective. Which of the following steps in formal planning process is the CEO performing when he debates between opening a new branch and reducing the prices?

generating alternative goals and plans

Rihanna Carpenter, CEO of BlueTone Corporation, announced the new corporate structure, naming Fujio Nakamura VP of the Far East Division, Basri Nassar VP of the Middle East Division, Lena Bauer VP of the European Division, and Pete Jackson VP of the Americas Division. Bluetone Corporation's new structure follows the ________ approach to departmentalization.

geographic

The Ascent, a mountain bicycle manufacturer, has been in the bicycle industry for a year now. The CEO wishes to better the company. He starts by looking at the sales records of the year that they have been in business and notices that the company's sales have been declining at a steady pace for the past six months and that at present they are selling only half as many bicycles as they want to. In an attempt to increase sales, he either wants to bring down the prices of his bicycles or expand the company by opening a new branch in another area. The CEO shares his views with the sales manager and finance managers. Together they decide that reducing the prices would definitely increase sales, although the profits would come down. They also determine that opening a new branch would only increase expenses. They conclude that they will reduce the prices of the bicycles. The plan is implemented and the CEO keeps a record of the sales every month to make sure the change is effective. Which of the following steps in the basic planning process do the managers of The Assent perform by deciding to reduce prices?

goal and plan selection

As Danielle deals with her employees, she works with them to set goals that will energize them and direct their thoughts and work behaviors toward a particular end. Danielle is using

goal-setting theory.

Actions taken to ensure the satisfaction of group members, develop and maintain harmonious work relationships, and preserve the social stability of the group are referred to as ________ behaviors.

group maintenance

The focus of the original leader-member exchange theory is primarily on the leader behaviors historically considered to be

group maintenance.

One advantage of delegation is the fact that it

helps subordinates develop new skills.

The key factor that makes technology leadership attractive for some companies is the potential for

higher profits.

Tri-State Waste Management put a new program in place to attract employees who have skills that better match the company's needs. This is an example of a ________ organization development intervention.

human resources management

According to Herzberg's theory, the two factors that affect people working on their jobs are categorized into

hygiene factors and motivators.

Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory highlights the

importance of leader behaviors on both a group and an individual basis.

Marv has noticed that Terri's employee turnover rate is twice the firm's average, and he has heard several reports of poor morale in Terri's division. As he discusses these problems with Terri, he reviews her key employees' performance goals. He determines that these goals are a key reason for the problems. Marv advises Terri, "Your key employees' performance goals are a 'textbook case' of extinction because they are ________ and, therefore, very demotivating."

impossible to achieve

Alison, a line manager at the computer monitor manufacturer Ocular, has come up with a new system to streamline production. However, her supervisor resists the idea on the basis that the current system "has worked just fine for a couple of decades." The supervisor's resistance to change is a result of

inertia

Cynthia, Juan, and Ahmed are managers at a department store. They have been notified by their district office, just as the extremely busy holiday season is to begin, that there are several significant changes about to take place in their organization. While none of them are enthusiastic about the changes, their reasons for "fighting back," as they put it, are different. Cynthia thinks it a bad idea to implement the changes during such a busy period. Juan realizes that the proposed changes will cause him to lose certain privileges that he is not willing to sacrifice. Ahmed, on the other hand, does not want to disturb the status quo and prefers the old ways of doing things. Ahmed does not want to disturb the status quo and prefers the old ways of doing things, which is an example of resistance to change motivated by

inertia

Blake is a recently promoted manager at Budget Foods, winning the position over his former peers. His peers do not view Blake as their supervisor; they continue to think of him and treat him as a peer. As a result, Blake is having to rely more on ________ to delegate work and to manage his staff.

informal influence tactics

Which of the following groups is most likely to pay a premium for the latest and newest technology or product to come along and to champion it if it meets with their approval?

innovators

Several top executives at Cogswell Integrated Systems are part of the corporation's board and are called ________ directors.

inside

"Andrew, we have the lab facilities, the know-how, and the time to implement this new technology through ________. We can then patent it and keep it proprietary, even though it will take additional staff and funding," said Jill Phipps, lab manager, to Andrew Franks, general manager.

internal development

Total Vital Life Inc. develops foods and beverages aimed at boosting the energy levels of athletic and active individuals. In a product development meeting, Justin suggests that Total Vital Life acquire a newly developed technology for infusing vitamin and mineral blends into food, created by Sound Nutrition Co. Justin believes that it would be easiest and fastest to acquire the technology straight from Sound Nutrition. Matthew, although supportive of the infusing idea, feels that the methodology behind the next generation of Total Vital bars should be kept exclusive. Matthew knows it may take longer to produce the technology and the bars, but he feels that the competitive advantage and exclusivity are worth the wait. Finally, Marci likes Justin's idea of incorporating the Sound Nutrition technology but feels that Total Vital does not possess sufficient financial resources to buy the technology outright. She suggests that they should opt for something more economical. Which method of acquiring technology does Matthew support?

internal development

An important purpose of external audits is to

investigate possible targets for mergers or acquisitions.

"Tucker, I have some disturbing data," said, Adrian, Vice President of Human Resources. "Our company has suffered increases in turnover, absenteeism, lawsuits by employees and former employees, injury and illness claims, and customer complaints. About the only thing that hasn't increased is our productivity." Tucker replied, "I have unfortunately come to recognize these workforce characteristics. They are a sign of

job dissatisfaction."

Garner has decided to start using the situational leadership approach he learned about last month. He likes the idea of a leader adapting his or her leadership style depending upon the ________ and ________ of the follower in a specific situation. The former refers to the follower's skills and technical knowledge relative to the task being performed. The latter refers to the follower's self-confidence and self-respect.

job maturity; psychological maturity

Researchers at SunStrength Inc. found a new solar-power technology suitable for cell phones. However, the technology is still being developed and is yet to be proved functional. Activoice Inc. has developed a very useful cell-phone technology based on voice activation. However, the technology is expensive and has yet to prove its full value. Ocean Gale Corp. has developed a technology that can be used with any cell-phone lithium-ion battery to reduce energy consumption. The system has proved to be very effective, but not all cell-phone manufacturers have adopted it yet. Ocean Gale Corp.'s new system is a proven, effective technology that some companies are using to their competitive advantage. This system is an example of a(n)

key technology.

Effective leaders have been shown to possess a high level of expertise about their industries, companies, and relevant technical matters. This trait is referred to as

knowledge of the business.

Which of the following is a symptom of an out-of-control company?

lack of periodic reviews

Rei has again found herself frustrated at work. Her manager, for whatever reason, never makes a decision. If anything is to get done, Rei and her coworkers simply do what they think is best. From the scenario, it can be inferred that Rei's manager has adopted a ________ decision style.

laissez-faire

The debt-equity ratio is an example of a ________ ratio.

leverage

Evelyn had to buy a lot of equipment to open her beauty salon. She bought most of it on credit. The amounts of money that she owes her creditors are called

liabilities.

"QuantumFind does not want to sell the technology, but QuantumFind is willing to allow us to legally use the technology for a fee," said Sheila Stone, sales professional, "and I would like to use the technology in our proposed project for SturdyBuilt Construction." Leon Jackson, Division Manager, replied, "OK. I'm fine with that. I will approve expenditure for a(n) ________ fee."

license

licensing

PowerSounds Inc. is a manufacturer of audio equipment. The corporation has production, marketing, accounting, and finance departments. They have a department that makes speakers, turntables, and accessories for professional DJs, and a department that produces equipment for home use. Marlena works in the production department manufacturing speaker components. She reports to the production manager and her project manager. Emmanuel works in the accounting department and also manages public relations. The organization requires all the employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt as part of the uniform. There are also specific procedures that the employees must follow while manufacturing the instruments. It can be inferred that Marlena works in a ________ department.

line

Edward is a hardworking employee at Holmes Community Credit Union who has never been complimented or rewarded by his boss for doing his work well. As a result, Edward never expects his good work to be recognized. According to the expectancy theory, Edward's lack of expectation of being rewarded reveals

low instrumentality.

Strategic goals are

major targets related to the long-term survival, value, and growth of an organization.

In managing resistance to organizational changes, facilitation and support mean

making the change as easy as possible for employees.

Francisco, a project manager at a telephone systems engineering firm, is holding a meeting in which he announces to the members of his work group that from now on, they will need to copy him on all email correspondence with clients. This raises an uproar, which Francisco quells by holding up a hand and saying, "This is the way I want it done!" He looks around the room before saying "Any questions?" in a tone that implies there had better not be any questions. As a result, the team members comply, but every time one of them has to copy Francisco on a client email, no matter how insignificant the subject matter, they resent it. This is an example of resistance brought about by

management tactics.

The Nagoya Precision Drill Company has just begun to initiate major changes in its manufacturing processes. There has been some resistance among employees to these changes, but middle management has developed some specific approaches to enlist their cooperation: 1. Management will hold a series of small-group discussions in which they will explain why the changes are being made. 2. A few leading workers known for their resistance to change have been appointed to serve as employee liaisons on the change leadership team. 3. A vacation-time bonus will be awarded to employee groups who meet the organization's timeline for implementing the changes. 4. If any employees consistently cause their work groups to fall behind schedule, they will be given the choice of either adapting to the new program or finding some other place to work. The leadership at Nagoya Precision Drill has selected a few leading workers known for their resistance to change and appointed them to serve as employee liaisons on the change leadership team. This is an attempt to manage resistance to change through

manipulation and cooptation.

Typically, companies tend to have too ________ change initiatives.

many simultaneous

Explanation Item 10 Item 10 0 of 1 points awarded Item Scored Adirondack Accounting Associates is an organization that has undergone a dramatic transformation over the last few years. Earlier, employees were managed using a wide array of rules, regulations, and procedures. Offending employees were punished for their violations. Today, under the leadership of the new CEO, Agatha, employees are encouraged to make decisions and come up with innovative solutions to problems they encounter. Most employees are much more satisfied under the new arrangement. The group is much more cohesive and is committed not only to the overall success of the organization but also to its standards and reputation. Despite the improved employee morale under Agatha, the other top managers have expressed a strong desire to reign in what they see as excessive employee freedoms and institute more formalized rules. Meanwhile, the middle managers have expressed their desire to base operations on costs and prices, and outsource certain tasks if it is more profitable. Agatha discusses the issue with an outside consultant, who recommends that the company focus on creating a strong culture with values that all employees accept and understand. On which control system do the middle-level managers want to focus?

market

Which of the following is a major component of an internal analysis?

marketing audits

In his job for Mickelson Associates, Alex has to report to two managers—the head of the accounting department and the head of the Southeastern Division. Mickelson Associates is a ________ organization.

matrix

PowerSounds Inc. is a manufacturer of audio equipment. The corporation has production, marketing, accounting, and finance departments. They have a department that makes speakers, turntables, and accessories for professional DJs, and a department that produces equipment for home use. Marlena works in the production department manufacturing speaker components. She reports to the production manager and her project manager. Emmanuel works in the accounting department and also manages public relations. The organization requires all the employees to wear the corporation's T-shirt as part of the uniform. There are also specific procedures that the employees must follow while manufacturing the instruments. PowerSounds Inc. utilizes the ________ departmentalization structure.

matrix

Development of nanotechnology is an example of

meeting an unidentified need.

Love Your Home is a housewares manufacturing company. The company's basic purpose is "to be the place where everyone wants to shop." The management states that the company's long-term strategic intent is "to build an empire in the housewares industry, setting the trend for people to have fashionable and affordable household goods, easily available, wherever they may be." Love Your Home's basic purpose—to be the place where everyone wants to shop—is an example of a(n)

mission statement.

The Ascent, a mountain bicycle manufacturer, has been in the bicycle industry for a year now. The CEO wishes to better the company. He starts by looking at the sales records of the year that they have been in business and notices that the company's sales have been declining at a steady pace for the past six months and that at present they are selling only half as many bicycles as they want to. In an attempt to increase sales, he either wants to bring down the prices of his bicycles or expand the company by opening a new branch in another area. The CEO shares his views with the sales manager and finance managers. Together they decide that reducing the prices would definitely increase sales, although the profits would come down. They also determine that opening a new branch would only increase expenses. They conclude that they will reduce the prices of the bicycles. The plan is implemented and the CEO keeps a record of the sales every month to make sure the change is effective. Which of the following steps in the basic planning process does the CEO perform when he closely watches the sales structures in the next six months?

monitor and control

In his second year of managing the accounting department, Darwin set a goal for his team to slightly improve its "days billing" from last year's mediocre 36 days to 35.5 days. Midway through the year, Darwin is disappointed that the "days billing" has actually worsened, to 37 days. Darwin's manager advised Darwin that, to motivate his staff to perform at a higher level, Darwin should set a goal that is

more challenging.

Janice works to achieve the goals she sets for herself. Pansy works to earn money. Jed works to earn his employer's praise. These three different reasons for working all fall under the general category of

motivation

Which of the following implies a favorable consequence?

negative reinforcement

Jorge, the office manager of Metalblock Inc., believes that providing positive consequences for a job well done will increase the likelihood of good work performance in the future. Jorge personally sends e-mails to his employees to commend their efforts when they perform well. Karla, the CEO of Descriptive Designs Inc., takes her employees off probation early when they perform to her expectations. Barney, the sales manager of Queenstar Corp., often shouts at his employees when they perform poorly. He also fails to appreciate employees when they perform well, which often results in poor performances. Karla removes her employees early from probation if they perform well. This is the best example of

negative reinforcement.

A(n) ________ organization is a collection of independent, mostly single-function firms that collaborate to produce a good or service.

network

Terri Blackstone, CEO of Xlnt Products, decides to reorganize her firm into a(n) ________ organization. In this approach, Xlnt Products will flexibly and collaboratively work with other independent, mostly single-function firms to provide a desired good or service.

network

Clarise knows that she will not have bonus dollars to reward her high-performing management team this year due to a shortfall in company profits. Furthermore, a companywide hiring and promotion freeze will prohibit her from hiring entry-level workers to allow existing staff to be promoted to higher levels. In response, she has arranged for her management team to attend the annual corporate planning meeting, affording them a unique opportunity to interact with and gain recognition by company executives. She has instituted this nonmonetary reward because

nonmonetary rewards can motivate when pay and promotions are scarce.

Becoming world class means becoming

one of the best in the world at what you do.

To be world class, an organization should

operate at the highest standards of any place anywhere.

Julian said to his employee, "Joe, I don't know what else I can do for you. You have a job, a paycheck, competitive benefits, a suitable office space, and reasonable people with whom to work." Joe replied, "I'm sorry, Julian, but those things don't motivate me." According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, what is Joe looking for?

opportunities for personal growth and recognition

Sylvia has been promoted to a managerial position in SweeTime Bakery. One of her jobs is to determine the leave schedules of employees. However, the owner of the company overrides her decisions. Consequently, Sylvia's subordinates do not respect her position as a manager. Sylvia has identified the problem, and it is that the

owner has not delegated enough authority to enable her to do her work.

Chirp is a small smartphone company that has developed an innovative security system for its phones. The technology has yet to prove its full value, but if it catches on, it may change the competitive landscape of the smartphone industry. What type of technology is this?

pacing

Nightingale Inc. has introduced a voice recognition machine system that enables machines to recognize a worker's voice and respond to commands. The company is yet to prove the full value of this product. However, organizations that have used the product appropriately have found that it efficiently speeds up various processes. Nightingale Inc.'s voice recognition machine system is an example of a(n) ________ technology.

pacing

Researchers at SunStrength Inc. found a new solar-power technology suitable for cell phones. However, the technology is still being developed and is yet to be proved functional. Activoice Inc. has developed a very useful cell-phone technology based on voice activation. However, the technology is expensive and has yet to prove its full value. Ocean Gale Corp. has developed a technology that can be used with any cell-phone lithium-ion battery to reduce energy consumption. The system has proved to be very effective, but not all cell-phone manufacturers have adopted it yet. Activoice Inc. has developed a useful cell-phone technology that has yet to prove its full value. This is an example of a(n) ________ technology.

pacing

Radical Returns Inc., a company that prepares individual tax returns, has finally agreed to utilize the IRS system that enables returns to be transmitted electronically rather than through mail. Almost every other firm in the United States is utilizing the system because it has been proven reliable. The company has accepted the new technology only after a number of threats of account withdrawal from key customers. For this reason, the company would be classified as

part of the early or late majority.

Jaime thought - to himself - that the change proposed by management was reasonable. However, he wanted to be liked and accepted by his coworkers, most of whom vocally opposed the change. Therefore, he joined his coworkers in criticizing management for the change. This is an example of resistance brought about by

peer preasure

Chazz and Hayden are the marketing managers of two different branches of Edwards & Ashton Restaurant Supply. While preparing to submit his monthly sales report, Chazz realizes that his sales executives have consistently failed to reach their monthly targets, and he immediately announces to his team that they will have to work weekends until they reach their quota. On the other hand, due to changes he implemented earlier, Hayden's team members have been able to achieve their monthly targets. Chazz's sales executives have consistently failed to achieve the monthly sales target. This difference between their actual achievement as compared to what they could have achieved is known as a

performance gap

personalized power

personalized power.

Creekside Robotics Corp. provides free lunch to its employees every day. The work environment is informal and friendly, which allows everyone to get to know each other. The company also holds a recreational event the last weekend of every month. Although the employees are all satisfied with these practices, the company implements a new incentive scheme to give cash rewards to employees who perform well. The company's goal is to keep its employees motivated. By providing free lunch to its employees every day, Creekside Robotics Corp is satisfying the employees' ________ needs.

physiological

Increasing expectancies, identifying ________ outcomes, and making performance instrumental toward positive outcomes are all managerial implications of the expectancy theory.

positively valent

Dwayne, project manager for MaxBuild Construction, reprimanded his superintendent, "Trip, I'm going to have to write you up for not properly securing yourself on that elevated work site. I've written up others, and the crew will be watching to see what I will do." Trip replied, "C'mon, Dwayne! I've been up there dozens of times, and we're on a tight schedule. There's no time to fool with every safety procedure!" In writing up Trip as he did other employees, Dwayne was implementing

procedural justice.

Investing in information systems and creating horizontal relationships are techniques that make it possible for an organization to

process more information.

Which of the following can be drawn tentatively and used as a goal against which actual performance can be measured?

profit and loss statements

Wilhelm oversees the shipping department in a warehouse for a major chain of stores. He knows some packages are being damaged, and he needs specific numbers so he can calculate the impact on departmental costs. What method will enable Wilhelm to efficiently collect accurate data so that he can make the calculations he needs in this situation?

programming the machinery to count all shipped and damaged packages and generate a computerized report daily

One advantage of developing technology within one's own company is the

proprietary nature of the technology within the organization.

Burt, a division manager, talks about positive change for his staff and business, but he allows self-interest to take precedence over the needs of the division. Burt is a ________ leader.

pseudotransformational

Angus interviews and observes his employees as part of his managerial duties at Shipko, a large packing supplies manufacturer. During the interviews, Angus receives a wide array of facts, figures, and predictions, and his observations reveal a variety of behaviors. He suspects some of the employees are telling him things and doing things that are designed to outsmart management rather than to give him an honest report. What type of behavior might be a clue for Angus that an employee is trying to beat management's control system?

purposefully estimating that they can produce 20,000 feet of cardboard in a day when they can actually produce 50,000 feet

Which of the following is associated with task performance?

quantity of output

Chazz and Hayden are the marketing managers of two different branches of Edwards & Ashton Restaurant Supply. While preparing to submit his monthly sales report, Chazz realizes that his sales executives have consistently failed to reach their monthly targets, and he immediately announces to his team that they will have to work weekends until they reach their quota. On the other hand, due to changes he implemented earlier, Hayden's team members have been able to achieve their monthly targets. When he realized that his sales executives had failed to reach their targets, Chazz announced that they would have to work weekends until they did. This is an example of ______ change.

reactive

An example of a tangible asset is

real estate

As a consultant to a customer service facility, Hans Hiroko is conducting a leadership training seminar. He encourages several managers who are present to describe their success as leaders. 1. Stewart Sanjit says that he is successful because when he tells his subordinates to do something, they do it because he is the boss, and that is that. 2. Kim Kaley explains that she can get her employees to do what she wants because they like her and they want her to like them. 3. Jorge Mikal feels that his employees are cooperative because they realize that he knows more about how their jobs are done than anybody else in the plant. 4. Sara Lindsay says that all the others should use her secret: "If I can't get someone to work, I just take away their leave privileges and that corrects that problem!" 5. Scott Feargal gets more work from his team by getting the upper management to sanction incentives to the top performers of the month. It can be inferred that Kaley exhibits ________ power.referent

referent

"Bart, I'm in favor of developing technology internally if there is business value to keeping it proprietary," said Jerry Sterling, CFO of British Styles, to his product development manager. "However, in this case, I don't see the value. After all, developing the technology internally will probably ________," Jerry concluded.

require additional staff and funding for long periods

In order to gain employee acceptance of a control system, managers should

set performance standards that employees view as possible to achieve.

Debra, Fang, and Raj were on a team at their engineering company. Though Debra had the most experience of the three, she did not always assume the leadership role. Some projects fell into the specialized areas of the others, so she moved the leadership around the group as appropriate. Debra's style would be classified as ________ leadership.

shared

socialized power.

Martin was one of Sloane's lower-quartile performers, mainly due to lack of punctuality. In Martin's annual performance review, he submitted his draft goals for the upcoming year. One of his goals was to "Improve my punctuality." Sloane responded, "No, Martin. That goal is not acceptable. Your goal needs to be more ________ so that you and I can monitor and measure whether or not you are attaining your goal."

specific and quantifiable

"After a long and costly two weeks, I have lots of data, that I don't know how to analyze. I don't know what constitutes good performance as opposed to bad performance," said Malcolm to his boss. His boss replied, "Malcolm, it sounds as if you failed to first establish a(n) ________ by which to assess your data."

standard

stockholders' equity

"Dr. Brown, welcome to Doctors Without Borders," said Rheinhard Blumberg, Program Administrator. "I will serve as your organizational manager 'in name only, ' as we both know that I will not be providing much management, much less leadership, to your team in a foreign country. I'm confident, however, that you will not lack for leadership. After all, you will be working closely with several of your very experienced professional colleagues in an environment that demands the close cooperation of a tight-knit group. Furthermore, by policy, the rules and procedures that will govern your work are rigid, so your operating flexibility will be limited." In this case, Rheinhard is counting upon ________ to provide a positive influence on Dr. Brown.

substitutes for leadership

Part of Miguel's job is to train, support, and discipline the members of his department. Miguel's position is best described as one of ________ leadership.

supervisory

As a career development specialist with a large multinational corporation, Jose Diego speaks with young managers regularly about furthering their own leadership development. Patterned after what Jose Diego learned in his first management course, he gives them three pieces of advice for effective developmental experiences: 1. First, instead of always taking the familiar path, try something that is a little uncomfortable and new for you. 2. Second, think about what has been successful for you and what has not. Ask your peers, supervisors, colleagues, and customers for feedback to clarify what you need to improve or change. 3. Finally, make sure you have a network of individuals who are willing to "talk you through" when things are tough. In his third piece of advice, Diego is referring to which of the following key components for effective developmental experiences?

support

Carlos was new to his organization but quickly noticed a pattern at the annual budgeting session. Mid-level managers were asking for unrealistically high budgets, while top management was attempting to request budgets under last year's actual expenditures. Both parties were using strategies that are referred to as

tactical behaviors.

Rudolph made a good-faith effort to develop a new product, but the attempt failed. What should Rudolph's employer do?

talk to Rudolph about what he learned and discuss what he might do next

Joyce Jade is an effective and admired leader in her organization, a large bottling company. She breaks down the behaviors she thinks have led to her success: 1. She expects a lot from her staff. She sets high goals so they need to work hard and be productive while they are at work. She also expects high-quality output. 2. Additionally, she works hard to maintain good relationships with each and every employee that she has. She regularly provides praise and seeks ways to help individuals solve problems and reduce stress. She has been told she is easy to talk to. 3. Finally, Joyce Jade thinks that it is important to get buy-in from her employees on many issues, so she solicits input from them on some decisions and really tries to take it into consideration. Sometimes she even meets with the whole group and tries to reach consensus. Jade's behaviors described in number 1 would be best referred to as ________ behaviors.

task performance

Johann told his mentor, "My top programmer, Johnny Nguyen, has developed an app that's going to make his career around here. But it's going to take some serious money to promote it and sell it to one of the big players. I'm convinced that Johnny has the skills needed to polish the software but probably not the managerial skills needed to advance the idea and secure funding." In the development of new technology, Johnny role is as

technical innovator.

Blue Mountain Art Supply has adopted a new workflow for its office to improve efficiency. This is an example of a ________ organization development intervention.

techno-structural

Which of the following is becoming increasingly common as a way for companies to gain access to new technologies while avoiding high development costs or financing?

technology trading

Managers of Grilled Snacks, a fast-food restaurant chain, visited Spectacular Sandwiches, a competitor. Spectacular Sandwiches has a system in which waiters use a cell phone to text orders directly to the kitchen. The two companies made an arrangement by which Grilled Snacks adopted the ordering system and, in turn, Spectacular Sandwiches adopted a food-preparation technique devised by Grilled Snacks. This scenario is an example of

technology trading.

Who selects the chief executive officer of a corporation?

the board of directors

Which of the following is a disadvantage of technology leadership?

the need to educate buyers

A division manager whispered to his peer as they left the monthly executive meeting, "Our new CEO is going to play hardball. Any of us whose division is performing with significant negative deviation from the established budget is going to get a lot of her concentrated attention." "What do you expect?" countered Saif. "She told us in our meeting that she would be using ________ as part of her control system."

the principle of exception

Leverage ratios indicate

the relative amount of funds in the business supplied by creditors and shareholders.

Cynthia, Juan, and Ahmed are managers at a department store. They have been notified by their district office, just as the extremely busy holiday season is to begin, that there are several significant changes about to take place in their organization. While none of them are enthusiastic about the changes, their reasons for "fighting back," as they put it, are different. Cynthia thinks it a bad idea to implement the changes during such a busy period. Juan realizes that the proposed changes will cause him to lose certain privileges that he is not willing to sacrifice. Ahmed, on the other hand, does not want to disturb the status quo and prefers the old ways of doing things. When Cynthia thinks it a bad idea to implement the changes during such a busy period, it is an example of resistance to change based on

timing

For years, Kathleen served as head of the research and development (R&D) department at Bannerman Pharmaceuticals in Chicago. She enjoyed enormous support from her team, who liked her personally and respected her professionally. Now she has retired, and her place has been taken by Jerome from Bannerman's Cleveland facility. Yet employees continue to sidestep Jerome and come directly to Kathleen for guidance, calling or emailing her at home with questions. What is her best course of action?

to continually direct her former subordinates to Jerome while emphasizing the fact that, as the new director of R&D, he has authority over, and responsibility for, the team

Manuela, a cosmetics manufacturer, is expanding her business into more eco-friendly products. Manuela's company's new eco-friendly lipstick formula tends to stick and break when being removed from traditional lipstick molds, so she plans to hire an engineer to create new molds that make it easier to remove the lipstick once it is set. Assuming she is moving to a level of planning involving greater detail, what should Manuela's next step be?

to direct floor managers to create specific procedures for the workers in charge of lipstick so they can properly remove the set lipstick and clean the molds

At a management retreat, Nicole Noah and her colleagues are reminiscing about how much they enjoyed college life. Everyone remembers their favorite management topics. Nicole Noah is surprised to realize that each of them has a favorite leadership perspective. However, no one can remember the name of the theory they liked most! 1. Lauren Lila knows that her favorite leadership perspective is the one that assumed that leaders are born, not made. (This is because Lauren Lila does, in fact, believe she is a "born leader.") 2. Misha Madison, on the other hand, has found that her most effective style of leadership is to capitalize on the fact that she arouses a sense of excitement in her employees, who genuinely like and admire her and want to follow her lead. 3. Tony Enzo argues that his favorite theory recognized that the best answer concerning which style of leadership to use is "It depends!" He maintains that the theory he liked the most argued for "looking before you lead." 4. Darren Liam argues that the company will be most effective when the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group. Lila's favorite leadership perspective is the ________ approach.

trait

Aspiring leaders of change tend to ________ their vision.

under communicate

Which of the following corporate strategies is being employed when a large grocery store purchases a dairy farm to supply all of the store-brand milk, yogurt, butter, and cheese?

vertical integration

The technique of scanning in assessing external technological trends focuses on

what can be done and what is being developed.

The most accurate definition of a performance gap is the difference between

what is and what could be.

A ________ span of control creates a flat organization.

wide

According to Herzberg's theory, hygiene factors are the

workplace characteristics, such as working conditions, pay, and supervision.

Which of the following is a commonly used source for obtaining performance data?

written reports

"In implementing the control process for our new operation, I first established performance standards," said Karlin. "Next, I measured performance. But I'm not sure that my measurement of performance is accurate." His boss replied, "In measuring performance, you can gather performance data from three sources: ________. Furthermore, the data need to be timely."

written reports, oral reports, and personal observation

Kiera's boss observed, "Kiera, you have 16 direct reports—a rather high number for a span of control—yet your team is functioning well, and you are managing effectively. Your success in managing with such a wide span of control tells me that

your subordinates are highly trained and have access to the information they need."

Visions can be inappropriate, or fail, when they

reflect only the leaders' needs.

Juanita, a manager of a glassware company, is in the process of deciding what items to add to next year's line of merchandise. For research purposes, she analyzed the past and present conditions of the market and also forecasted future trends. Which of the following steps of the formal planning process has Juanita performed?

situational analysis

In a SWOT analysis, an example of an organization's strength would be

skilled management.

The numerous tasks that must be carried out in a large organization make ________ a necessity.

specialization

Dirk Watson, Chairman of the Board of Global Electronics, Inc., called the CEO, "Bob, I have reviewed the draft strategic plan. I believe that it effectively answers several broad questions about how Global will meet its objectives. However, one question does not fit, and I would like you to revise the strategic plan to remove it. Specifically, the strategic plan is not where we want to address

'How will we upgrade our accounting system next year?'"

Which of the following statements is true about goal and plan selection?

Managers select goals and plans that are appropriate and feasible.

Alex, manager of a 50-person engineering department, exhibits group maintenance behaviors; that is, he ensures employee satisfaction, harmonious work relationships, and the department's social stability. However, his division manager, Bud, notes that Alex' department rarely achieves its annual goals, in terms of work speed, quality and accuracy, output, and compliance with company policies and requirements. How would you advise Bud to coach Alex to perform his job at a higher level and to increase the performance of Alex' organization?

Tell Alex to focus more on task performance behaviors.

Rabia is developing contingency plans for her catering business. In other words, she is developing

a set of actions to be taken if events require a sudden change.

Task performance behaviors are focused on

accomplishing organizational goals.

Blue Rock Lake, a large manmade reservoir, has provided the benefits of flood control, recreation, and water supply for decades. The government agency responsible for the reservoir has decided to permanently lower the water level by 10 feet for safety reasons—so that a lesser volume of water applies force to the aging dam that creates the reservoir. Bob Stone, general manager of the agency, knows that this decision will be controversial. He directs his communications director, Jill Johnson, to invite stakeholders to a series of "town hall" meetings. Jill has developed a list of stakeholders, including

affected landowners, water sports enthusiasts, businesses dependent upon the reservoir, and local water utilities.

The senior managers of Bronson Forge Corporation knew that a successful implementation of their business plan in the coming year was critical to the company's survival in a competitive industry. Bronson Forge could not afford for different parts of the organization to "stray" from the plan; in fact, each organizational unit needed to perform in sync with the goals of the unit above it and the units below it. Thus, it was critical that the individual plans of the corporation, each division, each department, and each section be

aligned.

Prior to going on vacation for two weeks, Dirk Rothstein, Division Manager, assembled his management team and said, "In my absence, Marianne will serve as acting Division Manager. I know that all of you department managers will give Marianne your full support." Afterwards, in a one-on-one meeting with Marianne, Dirk told her that he was giving her all that she needed to manage in his absence, except for

authority to discipline another department head.

Among the positions of the top managerial level is that of

chief financial officer.

Line departments

deal directly with the organization's primary goods and services.

As an identified leadership trait, integrity refers to

honesty and credibility.

The managers of Synergy Software have decided on their goals for the next two years. Their next step is to

implement the designed plans.

Which of the following is one of the four key drivers of a firm's long-term success?

the effectiveness of its internal processes

Everyday Fashions Corp. is a clothing manufacturer. It has marketing, production, and finance departments, with a manager who heads each of the departments. Beatrice, the CEO, distributes the various organizational tasks to each manager by assigning authority and responsibility. Each manager has ten subordinates who are required to report to him or her. Each department works on its set of tasks in the organization. Beatrice is the top manager, followed by the department heads, and lastly the supervisors. All the managers are accountable to Beatrice alone. All managers in Everyday Fashions Corp. are required to report to the CEO alone. This is an example of an organization following

Management Final

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