Management Information Systems Chapter 4 The Fulfillment Process
Sales order serves two primary purposes
1. standardizes data across all customer POs 2. Contains all the necessary data in a format that is best suited to the organization receiving the order.
What are the documents associated with the fulfillment process?
1. Customer inquiry 2. Quotation 3. Customer purchase order 4. Sales order 5. Picking document 6. Packing document 7. Customer invoice 8. Customer payment
Two most common strategies for fulfillment?
1. Sell-from-stock 2. Configure-to-order
What relevant data is included in the sales order?
Customer PO such as name, address, and quantities, It also contains additional data needed to complete the process, such as the customer account number and an internal sales order number
Stock out
SSB did not have sufficient products in inventory to meet customer demand.
Picking document
The warehouse prepares this document when it receives a sales order
Process-level information
assesses how well the process is being executed over time and helps the company identify and resolve any problems that are occurring. can be concerned either with steps in the process or with the process as a whole A company can retrieve a variety of reports to view both the status of specific steps in the process and the process as a whole
Customer Payment
final document relates to the payment made by the customer
Sell-from-stock
fulfilling customer orders directly from the company's inventory of finished goods.
Quotation Number
identifies the quotation
Instance-level information
indicates the status of a particular customer order The ability to determine the status of a specific order is important to an organization for both its internal operations and its customer communications At the instance level, a company might wish to determine where in the process a particular customer order is
Sales order number
is a key piece of data that is used to track the status of the order as it flows through the fulfillment process
billing due list
is a list of orders for which billing is due
Customer inquiry
is a request for information about the availability and prices of the products specified in the inquiry
What is the final step of the fulfillment process?
is to record a payment from the customer
delivery due list
list of sales orders that mist be prepared for shipment today to meet the required delivery dates
exchange of value
only when the order is shipped out and not before
Another name for Fulfillment process?
order-to-cash process
Financial impact
recorded through changes in the accounts in the chart of account
Backordered
sent on a later date when more products become available
Quotation
spells out the availability and prices of materials specified in the inquiry
Configure-to-order
taking a standard or base model of a product and then configuring it to meet the customer's special needs by adding either special options or add-on parts. Common in low-volume, high cost industries that require specialized products that must meet very specific needs Requires suppliers and customers to collaborate closely to ensure that the customer's special needs are met
Sales order
the internal document created by the company when the company receives the customers PO should contain same information regarding the products, quantities, pricing and delivery date that were on the quotation
Shipping point
the location in the warehouse where the shipment is picked up or loaded onto a truck
Packing list
this document accompanies the shipment and specifies the items and quantities shipped. The customer then uses the packing list to verify that contents of the shipment match their original purchase order.
Customer purchase order (PO)
when the customer communicates a desire to purchase the materials in the form of this. Is an agreement to purchase the stated material, for the stated price, under the stated terms.
