Marriage, Families and Relationships Module 3
The American Psychological Association has takent he position that
"abortion is a safe procedure that carries few psychological risks"
Chuck and LIsa arranged an adoption with a birth mother through an attorney. This example reflects all EXCEPT which of the following types of adoption?
...
What percentage of new mothers experience postpartum depression
10%
According to historian Phillipe Aries, the concept of childhood as different from adulthood did not emerge until about the ___ century
17th
In 2000, there were more than ___ adopted children in U.S. households
2 million
In 2009, the median age for men to marry was
28
It is estimated that there are about _____ married swingers in the United States
3 million
Today, ____ percent of adopted children are of a different race than one or both of their parents
40
What percent of lesbians are in long term, committed relationships?
44
The text reports that approximately _____ percent of cohabitants are age 65 and over - a fifty percent increase since 1990.
5
In 1970, 36 percent of women age twenty through twenty-four were never married; by 2005 that figure had risen to almost ___ percent
80
Between ________ percent of Americans are, have been, or will be married for at least part of their lives
80 and 90
The text reports that over ___ percent of americans believe that "an affair is morally wrong"
90
In the year 2008, the sex ratio was about 97 men for every 100 women. Why is this important to the study of marriage and the family?
A high rate of heterosexual marriage presumes matching numbers of males and females in a population.
Jumping the Broom is an _____ wedding tradition that symbolized the wife's commitment to her new household
African American
More ___ mothers than European American mothers spank their children
African American
The ___ middle class remains vulnerable to discrimination
African American
Racial/ethnic stereotyping often gives us an exaggerated, negative image of ___ as parents
African Americans and Latinos
Which racial/ethnic group is most likely to be married and least likely to be divorced
Asian American
Which racial/ethnic group is most likely to be married and least likely to be divorced?
Asian American
Due to the American individualist orientation, three interrelated developments have occured relating to marriage. Which of the following is NOT one of these?
Community became more vital and important
Which states have passed civil union laws for same-sex couples?
Connecticut and Vermont????
A majority of unmarried families live in poverty
False
About 70 percent of Americans believe that extramarital sex is morally wrong.
False
Hispanic parents have been described as less authoritarian than white parents
False
Historically, polygamy has been very rare and taboo across all cultures
False
In 2006, less than 25 percent of respondents to a Gallup poll described themselves as pro-choice
False
Private adoptions take place through licensed agencies
False
The text points out that getting married is still the only way to gain adult status.
False
The vast majority of two-paycheck marriages can be classified as dual-career
False
Today the median age at first marriage is about 29 for women and 30 for men
False
When unmarried partners decide to move in together, there are some absolutely firm legal guidelines to follow
False
When unmarried partners decide to move intogether, there are some absolutely firm legal guidelines to follow
False
Which state prohibits same-sex couple adoption, although it does allow them to serve as foster parents
Florida
About ____ of all nonmarital births occur to cohabiting couples
Half
____ of all cohabiting relationships last less thanone year, because the couple either break up or marry
Half
The text lists four interrelated characteristics which distinguish individualized marriage. Which of these is NOT one of these?
It is economically practical
The "day care wars" were ignited by the reporting of specific research findings by
Jay Belsky
According to the text, unmarried parents to one partner's child should consider three documents. Which one is NOT one of these?
Living trust
In 2004, which state allowed gay and lesbian couples to marry legally
Massachusettes
The sex ratio is the ratio of ____ in a given society or subgroup of a society.
Men to women
By 2009, the median age at first marriage for both men and women was ____
Over 25
What we today call the _____ family, is characterized by tolerance and diversity, rather than a signle family ideal.
Postmodern
Today, some cohabitants consider their lifestyle a means of courtship, officially called ________ as they seek to test their compatibility before deciding whether to marry.
Premarital cohabition ??
With a group of other married couples, Maureen and Bobby regularly exchange partners in order to engage in purely recreational sex. This reflects a practice known as
Swinging
Which of the following religious groups is expressly dedicated to serving gay and lesbian partnerships?
The Metropolitan Community Church
In 2000, _____ became the first country to allow same-sex partners to marry. Some other European countries, as well as Canada, now allow same-sex marriage.
The Netherlands
Children in the Unisted States are more likely to be poor than in comparable countries
True
Expectations for permanence derive from the fact that, historically, marriage has been a practical social institution
True
Female householders with no spouse present are more than twice as likely as their male counterparts to live in poverty
True
Hertz found that the two-career couples she studied were realistic, though sometimes regretful, about some benefits of the traditional relationships they are giving up
True
In 2006, 32 percent of births to unmarried women were to non-Hispanic white mothers
True
Nearly two-thirds of marrieds say they are "very happy", compated to less than half of unmarrieds
True
Parentig is one of many opportunities and experiences, or life chanes, that is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES) - one's position in society, measured by educational achievement, occupation, and/or income.
True
The cohabitation trend spread widely in the 1960's took off sharply in the 1970's and has risen steadily ever since
True
According to family historian Stephanie Coontz, the institution of marriage has changed from being seen as the fundamental unit of work and politics to being
a haven in a heartless world
By 2009, the median age at first marriage for women was
almost 26
By 2009, the median age at first marriage for women was?
almost 26
Psychologist Jay Belsky reported that infants in their first year who are in non-parental care for twenty or more hours per week are at elevated risk of
being classified as insecure in their attachments to their mothers at 12 or 18 months of age
Policy advocated from a marital ______ perspective are mainly concerned about the high number and proportions of parents and children living in poverty
change
As noted in the text, which of the following terms is often used now instead of the more negative sounding childless
childfree
Living alone together is already a trend in Europe, and is
clearly an emerging trend
Peoples reasons for ___ often include the belief that marriage signifies loss of identity or stifles partners' communication and equality
cohabiting
Other societies, and past societies, tended to be more ______, where people indentify with and conform to the expectations of their extended kin
collectivistic
In a/n ___ marriage, the husband was expected mainly to be a hard-working provider, and the wife a good housekeeper and cook
companionate
Lesbian and gay singles
comprise a diverse category of all ages and racial/ethnic groups
African Americans are considered _____ to be wed than are other US racial/ethnic groups
considerably less likely
Asian American parents often used the Confucian training doctrine, which stresses all EXCEPT which of the following qualities?
corporal punishment
Children living in poverty are more often ___ than other children
disabled or chronically ill
Ruth is an adoptive child. After her adoption was finalized, she was returned to the agency that handled her case. This reflects which of the following?
dissolved adoption
According to the texts discussion of the divorced, the
divorced will continue to contribute to the singles population
The definition of ______ usually includes criteria of joint residence and finances, plus a statement of loyalty and commitment.
domestic partner
Kurdek's study of gay male and lesbian couples found lesbian couples to have____ relationship quality
enhanced
In one study of cohabiting gay male, lesbian, heterosexually married, and dating couples, psychologist Lawrence Kurdek concluded that the gay and lesbian couples
experienced relationship quality similar to that of the marrieds
Parents and children, along with other relateives such as in-laws, grandparents, aunts, and uncles and cousins are included in the _______ family
extended
Those who view individualized marriage as _____ say that those who look back with nostalgia to the good old days may be idealizing the past
family change
Some large corporations demonstrate interest in effecting ____ workplace policies that are supportive of employee efforts to combine family and work commitments
family-friendly
Sociologist E. Kay Trimberger identified several "pillars of support" for unattached single women. Which of the following is NOT one of these "pillars"
financial comfort
According to the US Census bureau, in the last 50 years, the marriage has
generally declined
The text points out that, in American society, communes
have existed throughout its history
When compared with teens in married, two biological parent homes, those in single-parent and cohabiting families are more likely to experience all EXCEPT which of the following?
higher teen pregnancy rates
According to the US Census bureau, in the last 50 years, the divorce rate
is higher today than in 1960
The text lists several advantages to later parenthood. Which is NOT one of these?
late mothers were eager to become grandmothers
Compared to marrieds, cohabitants report that they are ____ happy with their relationships
less
What is the key function of marriage for most Americans?
love and ongoing emotional support
In discussing the importance of friendships for single individuals, the text points out that
men may be more open and disclosing with a female friend
According to the text, the high expectations inherent in an individualistic marriage may be associated with several societal results. Which of te following is NOT one of these results:
more early marriages, and pregnant teens
Research by Straus and his colleagues show that children who have been frequently spanked by their parents, are
more likely to have behavior problems later in life, as well as depression
It is estimated that _____ children under age 18 are living in a grandparent's house household
more than 3.6 million
By 2003, ____ percent of young adults aged 18-24 lived with their parents
more than 50
According to the 2008 census, ____ of female, same-sex couple households now include children under 18
more than one-third
The new image of a "good" father in todays society says that fathers
not only take financial respoinsibility but also are actively involved in child care
The pronounced tendency for men and women to be employed in different types of jobs is termed
occupational segregation
Children make up ___ of the homeless population
one quarter
Martha has chosen to leave paid employment for a few years n order to spend time at home rearing her children. Martha would be referred to as an
opt-out mother
Parents, brothers, and sisters are part of a person's family of
orientation
Bill and JoAnn have recently married and have made a commitment to each other that they will keep each other as the most important people in their lives, and stay together as long as they live. Bill and JoAnn's joint commitment reflects the expectations of
permanence
Which parenting style is chareacterized by low parental monitoring and low parental warmth?
permissive-emotional neglect
What we today call the ____ family, is characterized by tolerance and diversity, rather than a single family ideal
postmodern
According to the text, permanence and sexual exclusivity are two very important elements of the marriage
premise
The Multi-Ethnic Placement Act of 1994 andthe Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997
prohibit delay or denial in plcement of children on the bsis of race, color, national origin of the parents
The text points out that in American society, having children is taken for granted, whereas not having children seems to need a justification. This reflects a
pronatalist bias
Most families of color engage in ___, developing children's pride in their cultural heritage while preparing them for the possibility of discrimination
race socialization
In 2006, a Gallup Poll revealed that, in reference to the ROE V WADE decision, a majority of Americans believe that the decision should
remain the law of the land
Over the past several decades, the proportion of widowed women and men has
remained about the same
After declining during the 1990's, nonmarital birthrates have
risen again to an all-time high
Working for pay - in contrast to unpaid labor in the home - is sometimes called
second shift
Sociologist Catherine Ross has suggested that we need to reconceptualize various living arrangements as a continuum of
social attachment
Young singles choose to live with theri parents for several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these reasons?
tax shelter
Middle-class Americans often dream of attaining "the white picket fence." That is, they see marriage as an opportunity for idealized domesticity within the "haven" of their own single-family home. Which marriage does this describe
the companionate marriage bond
Family sociologist Andrew Cherlin has noted that time-honored family definitions and social norms "count for far less" than in the past. He calls this
the deinstitutionalization of marriage
Marriage partners now expect love and emotional intimacy, open communication, role flexivility, gender equality, and personal growth. Which does this describe?
the individualized marriage bond
To the US Census bureau, single means
unmarried
Barbara Simon interviewed fifty never-married women old enough to be retired and concluded that the most common thread of identity these women shared was their
view of themselves as members of a group larger than their own families
