Marriage, Families and Relationships Module 3

The American Psychological Association has takent he position that

"abortion is a safe procedure that carries few psychological risks"

Chuck and LIsa arranged an adoption with a birth mother through an attorney. This example reflects all EXCEPT which of the following types of adoption?

...

What percentage of new mothers experience postpartum depression

10%

According to historian Phillipe Aries, the concept of childhood as different from adulthood did not emerge until about the ___ century

17th

In 2000, there were more than ___ adopted children in U.S. households

2 million

In 2009, the median age for men to marry was

28

It is estimated that there are about _____ married swingers in the United States

3 million

Today, ____ percent of adopted children are of a different race than one or both of their parents

40

What percent of lesbians are in long term, committed relationships?

44

The text reports that approximately _____ percent of cohabitants are age 65 and over - a fifty percent increase since 1990.

5

In 1970, 36 percent of women age twenty through twenty-four were never married; by 2005 that figure had risen to almost ___ percent

80

Between ________ percent of Americans are, have been, or will be married for at least part of their lives

80 and 90

The text reports that over ___ percent of americans believe that "an affair is morally wrong"

90

In the year 2008, the sex ratio was about 97 men for every 100 women. Why is this important to the study of marriage and the family?

A high rate of heterosexual marriage presumes matching numbers of males and females in a population.

Jumping the Broom is an _____ wedding tradition that symbolized the wife's commitment to her new household

African American

More ___ mothers than European American mothers spank their children

African American

The ___ middle class remains vulnerable to discrimination

African American

Racial/ethnic stereotyping often gives us an exaggerated, negative image of ___ as parents

African Americans and Latinos

Which racial/ethnic group is most likely to be married and least likely to be divorced

Asian American

Which racial/ethnic group is most likely to be married and least likely to be divorced?

Asian American

Due to the American individualist orientation, three interrelated developments have occured relating to marriage. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Community became more vital and important

Which states have passed civil union laws for same-sex couples?

Connecticut and Vermont????

A majority of unmarried families live in poverty

False

About 70 percent of Americans believe that extramarital sex is morally wrong.

False

Hispanic parents have been described as less authoritarian than white parents

False

Historically, polygamy has been very rare and taboo across all cultures

False

In 2006, less than 25 percent of respondents to a Gallup poll described themselves as pro-choice

False

Private adoptions take place through licensed agencies

False

The text points out that getting married is still the only way to gain adult status.

False

The vast majority of two-paycheck marriages can be classified as dual-career

False

Today the median age at first marriage is about 29 for women and 30 for men

False

When unmarried partners decide to move in together, there are some absolutely firm legal guidelines to follow

False

When unmarried partners decide to move intogether, there are some absolutely firm legal guidelines to follow

False

Which state prohibits same-sex couple adoption, although it does allow them to serve as foster parents

Florida

About ____ of all nonmarital births occur to cohabiting couples

Half

____ of all cohabiting relationships last less thanone year, because the couple either break up or marry

Half

The text lists four interrelated characteristics which distinguish individualized marriage. Which of these is NOT one of these?

It is economically practical

The "day care wars" were ignited by the reporting of specific research findings by

Jay Belsky

According to the text, unmarried parents to one partner's child should consider three documents. Which one is NOT one of these?

Living trust

In 2004, which state allowed gay and lesbian couples to marry legally

Massachusettes

The sex ratio is the ratio of ____ in a given society or subgroup of a society.

Men to women

By 2009, the median age at first marriage for both men and women was ____

Over 25

What we today call the _____ family, is characterized by tolerance and diversity, rather than a signle family ideal.

Postmodern

Today, some cohabitants consider their lifestyle a means of courtship, officially called ________ as they seek to test their compatibility before deciding whether to marry.

Premarital cohabition ??

With a group of other married couples, Maureen and Bobby regularly exchange partners in order to engage in purely recreational sex. This reflects a practice known as

Swinging

Which of the following religious groups is expressly dedicated to serving gay and lesbian partnerships?

The Metropolitan Community Church

In 2000, _____ became the first country to allow same-sex partners to marry. Some other European countries, as well as Canada, now allow same-sex marriage.

The Netherlands

Children in the Unisted States are more likely to be poor than in comparable countries

True

Expectations for permanence derive from the fact that, historically, marriage has been a practical social institution

True

Female householders with no spouse present are more than twice as likely as their male counterparts to live in poverty

True

Hertz found that the two-career couples she studied were realistic, though sometimes regretful, about some benefits of the traditional relationships they are giving up

True

In 2006, 32 percent of births to unmarried women were to non-Hispanic white mothers

True

Nearly two-thirds of marrieds say they are "very happy", compated to less than half of unmarrieds

True

Parentig is one of many opportunities and experiences, or life chanes, that is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES) - one's position in society, measured by educational achievement, occupation, and/or income.

True

The cohabitation trend spread widely in the 1960's took off sharply in the 1970's and has risen steadily ever since

True

According to family historian Stephanie Coontz, the institution of marriage has changed from being seen as the fundamental unit of work and politics to being

a haven in a heartless world

By 2009, the median age at first marriage for women was

almost 26

By 2009, the median age at first marriage for women was?

almost 26

Psychologist Jay Belsky reported that infants in their first year who are in non-parental care for twenty or more hours per week are at elevated risk of

being classified as insecure in their attachments to their mothers at 12 or 18 months of age

Policy advocated from a marital ______ perspective are mainly concerned about the high number and proportions of parents and children living in poverty

change

As noted in the text, which of the following terms is often used now instead of the more negative sounding childless

childfree

Living alone together is already a trend in Europe, and is

clearly an emerging trend

Peoples reasons for ___ often include the belief that marriage signifies loss of identity or stifles partners' communication and equality

cohabiting

Other societies, and past societies, tended to be more ______, where people indentify with and conform to the expectations of their extended kin

collectivistic

In a/n ___ marriage, the husband was expected mainly to be a hard-working provider, and the wife a good housekeeper and cook

companionate

Lesbian and gay singles

comprise a diverse category of all ages and racial/ethnic groups

African Americans are considered _____ to be wed than are other US racial/ethnic groups

considerably less likely

Asian American parents often used the Confucian training doctrine, which stresses all EXCEPT which of the following qualities?

corporal punishment

Children living in poverty are more often ___ than other children

disabled or chronically ill

Ruth is an adoptive child. After her adoption was finalized, she was returned to the agency that handled her case. This reflects which of the following?

dissolved adoption

According to the texts discussion of the divorced, the

divorced will continue to contribute to the singles population

The definition of ______ usually includes criteria of joint residence and finances, plus a statement of loyalty and commitment.

domestic partner

Kurdek's study of gay male and lesbian couples found lesbian couples to have____ relationship quality

enhanced

In one study of cohabiting gay male, lesbian, heterosexually married, and dating couples, psychologist Lawrence Kurdek concluded that the gay and lesbian couples

experienced relationship quality similar to that of the marrieds

Parents and children, along with other relateives such as in-laws, grandparents, aunts, and uncles and cousins are included in the _______ family

extended

Those who view individualized marriage as _____ say that those who look back with nostalgia to the good old days may be idealizing the past

family change

Some large corporations demonstrate interest in effecting ____ workplace policies that are supportive of employee efforts to combine family and work commitments

family-friendly

Sociologist E. Kay Trimberger identified several "pillars of support" for unattached single women. Which of the following is NOT one of these "pillars"

financial comfort

According to the US Census bureau, in the last 50 years, the marriage has

generally declined

The text points out that, in American society, communes

have existed throughout its history

When compared with teens in married, two biological parent homes, those in single-parent and cohabiting families are more likely to experience all EXCEPT which of the following?

higher teen pregnancy rates

According to the US Census bureau, in the last 50 years, the divorce rate

is higher today than in 1960

The text lists several advantages to later parenthood. Which is NOT one of these?

late mothers were eager to become grandmothers

Compared to marrieds, cohabitants report that they are ____ happy with their relationships

less

What is the key function of marriage for most Americans?

love and ongoing emotional support

In discussing the importance of friendships for single individuals, the text points out that

men may be more open and disclosing with a female friend

According to the text, the high expectations inherent in an individualistic marriage may be associated with several societal results. Which of te following is NOT one of these results:

more early marriages, and pregnant teens

Research by Straus and his colleagues show that children who have been frequently spanked by their parents, are

more likely to have behavior problems later in life, as well as depression

It is estimated that _____ children under age 18 are living in a grandparent's house household

more than 3.6 million

By 2003, ____ percent of young adults aged 18-24 lived with their parents

more than 50

According to the 2008 census, ____ of female, same-sex couple households now include children under 18

more than one-third

The new image of a "good" father in todays society says that fathers

not only take financial respoinsibility but also are actively involved in child care

The pronounced tendency for men and women to be employed in different types of jobs is termed

occupational segregation

Children make up ___ of the homeless population

one quarter

Martha has chosen to leave paid employment for a few years n order to spend time at home rearing her children. Martha would be referred to as an

opt-out mother

Parents, brothers, and sisters are part of a person's family of

orientation

Bill and JoAnn have recently married and have made a commitment to each other that they will keep each other as the most important people in their lives, and stay together as long as they live. Bill and JoAnn's joint commitment reflects the expectations of

permanence

Which parenting style is chareacterized by low parental monitoring and low parental warmth?

permissive-emotional neglect

What we today call the ____ family, is characterized by tolerance and diversity, rather than a single family ideal

postmodern

According to the text, permanence and sexual exclusivity are two very important elements of the marriage

premise

The Multi-Ethnic Placement Act of 1994 andthe Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997

prohibit delay or denial in plcement of children on the bsis of race, color, national origin of the parents

The text points out that in American society, having children is taken for granted, whereas not having children seems to need a justification. This reflects a

pronatalist bias

Most families of color engage in ___, developing children's pride in their cultural heritage while preparing them for the possibility of discrimination

race socialization

In 2006, a Gallup Poll revealed that, in reference to the ROE V WADE decision, a majority of Americans believe that the decision should

remain the law of the land

Over the past several decades, the proportion of widowed women and men has

remained about the same

After declining during the 1990's, nonmarital birthrates have

risen again to an all-time high

Working for pay - in contrast to unpaid labor in the home - is sometimes called

second shift

Sociologist Catherine Ross has suggested that we need to reconceptualize various living arrangements as a continuum of

social attachment

Young singles choose to live with theri parents for several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these reasons?

tax shelter

Middle-class Americans often dream of attaining "the white picket fence." That is, they see marriage as an opportunity for idealized domesticity within the "haven" of their own single-family home. Which marriage does this describe

the companionate marriage bond

Family sociologist Andrew Cherlin has noted that time-honored family definitions and social norms "count for far less" than in the past. He calls this

the deinstitutionalization of marriage

Marriage partners now expect love and emotional intimacy, open communication, role flexivility, gender equality, and personal growth. Which does this describe?

the individualized marriage bond

To the US Census bureau, single means

unmarried

Barbara Simon interviewed fifty never-married women old enough to be retired and concluded that the most common thread of identity these women shared was their

view of themselves as members of a group larger than their own families