MASTERS SUPERDUPER FILE

The most productive OE adverb-forming suffix was _____ а. -lic б. -ness в. -ly г. -e

-e

Anadiplosis can be presented by the following pattern: а. ..a, a..., a...a б. a..., a..., a... в. a...b, a...b г. ...a, a...

...a, a...

The only consonant that never occurs in the initial position (before a vowel) in a syllable is а. /dʒ/ б. /j/ в. /tʃ/ г. /ŋ/

/ŋ/

The Norman invasion began in ______. а. 1066 б. 1013 в. 1042 г. 1055

1066

The Indo-European family of languages has ______ branches а. 12 б. 10 в. 11 г. 13

12

Printing was introduced by William Caxton in ______ а. 1764 б. 1647 в. 1476 г. 1567

1476

Verner's Law was introduced in ______. а. 1877 б. 1878 в. 1879 г. 1880

1877

H. Sweet's "New English Grammar. Logical and Historical" was published in а. 1891 б. 1790 в. 1900 г. 1901

1891

There are ______ main ways of enriching the OE vocabulary. а. 2 б. 3 в. 4 г. 5

2

The extent of the OE vocabulary is estimated at ____ thousands words. а. 20 to 30 б. 2 to 10 в. 50 to 90 г. 5 to 15

20 to 30

The Old Testament was translated from Aramaic into Greek in: а. 250 A.D. б. 2500 B.C. в. 250 B.C. г. 150 A.D

250 B.C.

Yuriy O. Zhluktenko distinguishes _____ of the comparative-historical method. а. 4 stages б. 6 stages в. 2 stages г. three stages

4 stages

The Gothic language has been preserved in written records of the

6th century

The earliest extant written texts in English are dated in the _____ c а. 8th б. 4th в. 6th г. 7th

7th

Which line does not account for the source of homonymy? а. convergent sound development б. split of polysemy в. borrowings г. British vs American vocabulary

British vs American vocabulary

The order of words in a sentence was _____ in Old English. а. comparatively free б. comparatively rigid в. neither free nor rigid г. both free and rigid

Comparetively free

Derivational morphemes а. are not used to indicate parts of speech б. are class-changing в. show the comparativeform of adjectives г. are based on the correlation of different roots

are class-changing

Free adaptation of Virgil`s "Aeneid" was made by: а. I. Kotlyarevski б. G. Skovoroda в. P. Gulak Artemovskyi г. I.Maksymovych

I. Kotlyarevski

Which kingdom was formed by the Jutes? а. Wessex.. б. Mercia. в. Kent. г. Sussex.

Kent

What linguistic trend did Ch. Fries belong to? а. Cognitive Linguistics б. Generative-Transformational Linguistics в. Text Linguistics г. Structural Linguistics

Structural Linguistics

The noun has the grammatical categories of а. gender and case б. case and number в. number and mood г. tense and aspect

case and number

"He's arrogant and inconsiderate, and supercilious and disrespectful and cold." The epithets found in this sentence are а. chain б. phrase в. pair г. inverted

chain

What are the syntactic relationships between the components of the word combination "satisfied, or nearly so" а. causative б. subordinate в. co-ordinate г. consecutive

co-ordinate

There were _____ moods in OE а. four б. two в. three г. five

Three

Find the correct variant of translation: Чому це я маю робити те, що я не хочу? Я б волів виконати цікавішу роботу. а. Why should I to be doing what I don't want to? I would rather have done something more interesting. б. Why should I do what I don't want to? I would rather do something more interesting. в. Why should I have done what I didn't want to? I had rather do something more interesting. г. Why should I do what I not want to? I would better do something more interesting.

Why should I do what I don't want to? I would rather do something more interesting.

"Don't use big words. They mean so little." State the type of syntactical device а. antithesis б. parallelism в. ellipsis г. climax

antithesis

"Speaking names" belong to а. synechdoche б. irony в. antonomasia г. metaphor

antonomasia

Define the kind of translation: take it easy - не хвилюйся а. descriptive б. antonymic в. interlinear г. verbal

antonymic

"In his shirt sleeves" should be translated into Ukrainian with the help of: а. antonymic translation б. word-for-word translation в. verbal translation г. interlinear translation

antonymic translation

Words with different spellings and meanings which historically come back to one and the same source are а. international words б. archaic words в. historisms г. etymological doublets

etymological doublets

The class of determinatives does not include а. articles б. gradable adjectives в. quantifiers г. possessive pronouns

gradable adjectives

Close class-words are prepositions referring to а. lexical words б. content words в. compound words г. grammatical words

grammatical words

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the Switchback tune sounds а. grudgingly admitting б. categorical в. soothing г. casual

grudgingly admitting

The rhythmic unit а. has no nucleus б. has its own pitch pattern, accent and rhythm pattern, duration в. always contains proclitics and enclitics г. has primary, secondary and weak rhythm patterns

has its own pitch pattern, accent and rhythm pattern, duration

Prof. E. Morohovska defines function words as а. having denotative ability б. having significative ability в. open class-words г. reflecting their lexical content

having significative ability

Archaisms make the text more а. informative б. high-flown в. logical г. familiar

high-flown

"You and Liz are practically in the Guinness Book of Records as the perfect married couple." The sentence contains а. simile б. hyperbole в. personification г. antonomasia

hyperbole

Synonyms belonging to the same stylistic layer, having the same connotation which are characterized by a distinction in the differentiating semes of the denotational component of their lexical meaning are named а. stylistic б. absolute в. ideographic г. phraseological

ideographic

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the Jackknife tune sounds а. questioning б. sympathetic в. concerned г. impressed

impressed

Lexicon, grammar, phonology are а. language resources б. the use of language in oral/written form в. verbal communication г. elements of communication

language resources

The ME stressed vowels underwent the process of _______. а. shortening б. lengthening в. diphthongization г. mutation

lenghthening

The change of the OE feld > fēld is called ______. а. diphthongization б. lengthening в. velar mutation г. breaking

lengthening

Professor E.Morokhovska suggests dividing parts of speech into а. notional and functional б. declinables and indeclinables в. lexical and functional г. discourse-cognitive classes

lexical and functional

The weak n-declension comprised ______ nouns а. masculine, neuter б. masculine, feminine в. masculine, feminine, neuter г. feminine, neuter

masculine, feminine, neuter

The types of obstruction in the pronunciation of English consonants are а. plosion, friction, plosion-friction б. plosive, fricative, affricate в. occlusion, constriction, occlusion-constriction г. the manner of production of noise

occlusion, constriction, occlusion-constriction

While translating legal doublets we use: а. paraphrase б. addition в. omission г. explication

omission

What type of relationships is based on the interdependence of lexical items within the vocabulary of a language? а. syntagmatic б. derivational в. paradigmatic г. polysemous

paradigmatic

The category of aspect is represented by the opposition of а. perfective and imperfective aspects б. perfective and progressive aspects в. indefinite and perfective aspects г. direct and oblique aspects

perfective and progressive aspects

Chiasmus is ... parallelism. а. reversed б. elliptical в. broken г. complete

reversed

Partial parallelism is а. likeness of all parts of successive units б. sameness of some parts of successive units в. identical structure of successive units г. complete sameness of successive units

sameness of some parts of successive units

"The kid had lungs like Louis Armstrong." The sentence contains а. simile+allusion б. simile+metaphor в. antonomasia+hyperbole г. allusion+ metaphor

simile+allusion

Structurally we distinguish ... similes. а. simple and extended б. simple and phrase в. simple and two-step г. compound and epic

simple and extended

Phonemes are а. sound clusters б. allophones в. bundles of sounds г. sound types

sound types

Terms belong to а. special bookish words б. general bookish words в. colloquial vocabulary non-standard vocabulary

special bookish words

The ME noun possessed such cases as ______. а. common and possessive б. nominative and dative в. genitive and accusative г. genitive and dative

common and posessive

Define the type of predicate in the sentence "That's what I think" а. compound nominal б. compound verbal в. simple verbal г. verbal-nominal

compound nonimal

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "Whatever you may say is of little importance" а. causal б. conditional в. concessive г. attributive

concessive

"Zach's mental wheels were turning." State the type of the metaphor а. stylistic б. trite в. colloquial г. sustained

stylistic

The ME verb retained the following grammatical categories: ______. а. tense, mood, person, aspect б. tense, mood, aspect, number в. tense, mood, person, number г. tense, aspect, person, number

tense, mood, person, number

In the sentence "New records sold well", the verb "sold" is а. intransitive б. transitive в. non-terminative " г. terminative

terminative

Define the kind of translation: зуб на зуб не попадає - to feel very cold а. verbal б. antonymic в. interlinear г. descriptive

descriptive

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "Why can't we go where it's warm?" а. the adverbial clause of time б. the adverbial clause of manner в. the adverbial clause of place г. the adverbial clause of condition

the adverbial clause of place

State the syntactic function of the infinitive complex in the sentence "This is a problem for you to solve" а. the attribute б. the object в. the subject г. the adverbial modifier

the attribute

According to O'Connor and Arnold, tune is а. a single-syllable word group б. a rising pitch movement в. a complete pitch pattern of a word group г. a falling tone

a complete pitch pattern of a word group

Word-for-word translation is а. a consecutive verbal translation б. a consecutive literal translation в. a consecutive interlinear translation г. a consecutive interpretation

a consecutive verbal translation

Direct techniques include: а. borrowing б. adaptation в. reformulation г. transposition

borrowing

Borrowed words that are not assimilated in the adopting language are called а. barbarisms б. historisms в. jargonisms г. etymological doublets

barbarisms

Hyperbole is a а. double negation б. deliberate understatement в. reference to some known fact г. deliberate overstatement

deliberate overstatement

The rhetorical question is asked а. not for information б. for information в. for the answer г. not for emphasis

not for information

Diphthongs are а. sonants б. vowels в. vowels г. triphthongs

vowels

"Sense-to-sense" translation was worked out by: а. Cicero б. Horace в. Apuleius г. Ventzky

Cicero

_____ is an old English phonetic change which took place when after a consonant had dropped, two vowels met inside a word, they were contracted into one long vowel. а. Rhotacism б. Ablaut в. Breaking г. Contraction

Contraction

The written form of the English word is... а. either phonetic or conventional б. phonetic rather than conventional в. neither conventional nor phonetic г. conventional rather than phonetic

Conventional rather than phonetic

One of the most important ME innovations was the development of _____ as a new type of derivation. а. Contraction б. Inversion в. Conversion г. Rhotacism

Conversion

The distinction between "language" and "speech" was first introduced by а. Ferdinand de Saussure б. Baudoin de Courteney в. Leonard Bloomfield г. Otto Jespersen

Ferdinand de Saussure

According to David Burnley, there are ______ periods in the history of English. а. three б. five в. four г. two

Five

We can distinguish _____ dialects in Old English times а. two б. five в. three г. four

Four

A great part of _____ loans in ME were aristocratic words. а. French б. Scandinavian в. Latin г. German

French

With the Norman Conquest, ______ became the official language of the country. а. French б. English в. Latin г. Scandinavian

French

What language is most closely related to English? а. German б. Dutch в. Frisian г. Icelandic

Frisian

Y.Ventzky was an outstanding: а. Polish translator б. English translator в. German translator г. Ukrainian translator

German translator

_____ is a Modern English phonetic change of the ME long vowels which became closer in their articulation. а. Breaking б. Rhotacism в. Great Vowel Shift г. Velar mutation

Great Vowel Shift

What is the origin of the affixes -ism, -ics, -ist, poly-, dis-? а. Greek б. Latin в. Scandinavian г. French

Greek

_____ is the law which expresses regular correspondences between consonants of Germanic and those of other Indo-European languages. а. Rhotacism б. Verner's Law в. Grimm's Law г. Voicing of consonants

Grimm's Law

The definition of the sentence as "the minimum syntactical construction, used in the acts of speech communication, characterized by predicativity and realizing a definite structural pattern" belongs to а. M. Blokh б. O. Jesperson в. H. Pocheptsov г. L. Bloomfield

H. Pocheptsov

The term "conversion" was first introduced by а. O. Jespersen б. S.Ullmann в. J. Lyons г. H. Sweet

H. Sweet (1891)

"Silent interpreters" are usually used in the process of: а. AD Hoc interpretation б. consecutive interpretation в. simultaneous interpretation г. community interpretation

AD Hoc interpretation

At top-level talks interpreters usually use: а. simultaneous interpretation б. consecutive interpretation в. AD Hoc interpretation г. community interpretation

AD Hoc interpretation

_____ is an independent vowel interchange unconnected with any phonetic conditions; it's a device to differentiate between words and grammatical forms built from the same root. а. Metathesis б. Ablaut в. Rhotacism г. Breaking

Ablaut

The NE borrowing yacht is of ______ origin. а. Persian б. German в. Arabic г. Dutch

Dutch

Germanic languages are classified into ______ а. East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic б. East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic, South Germanic в. East Germanic, North Germanic, South Germanic г. East Germanic, West Germanic, South Germanic

East/North/West

What morphs are characterized by the following definition, "They are identical in meaning and have different phonetic shapes in different contexts"? а. root morphs б. suppletive morphs в. allomorphs г. allophones

Allomorph

Which of the following languages has no formality-politeness dimension in its person system: а. English б. French в. Spanish г. German

English

The stress patterns of the bulk of English words are regular. It means that а. English word stress is free б. English word stress is stable в. English word stress is not fixed to any particular syllable г. English word stress is fixed to a particular syllable

English word stress is stable

The suffix -ing of Participle I developed from а. -unde б. -ande в. -inde г. -ende

-inde

OE adjectives formed from nouns with the help of the suffix _____. а. -ness б. -e в. -lic г. -ful

-lic

In ME there appears a new and very productive way of forming adverbs by adding the suffix _____ а. -ly б. -lice в. -fully г. -lie

-ly

The ending of the comparative degree of OE adjectives was usually _____ а. -est б. -er в. -ost г. -ra

-ra

The ______ lined of Old English poetry are contained in four manuscripts а. 5,000 б. 30,000 в. 50,000 г. 3,000

30,000

The earliest mention of translation used in viva voce goes back to: а. 3000 B.C. б. 4000 B.C. в. 2000 B.C. г. 1200 B.C

3000 B.C. (dragomans, Egypt)

Ch. Fries distinguishes ... to refer words to a certain group. а. 5 classes б. 3 classes в. 4 classes г. 6 classes

4 classes

It is estimated that about ____ per cent of the OE vocabulary has been lost. а. 65 б. 85 в. 75 г. 55

85

What definition of the word does not take into consideration its ability to form word phrases? а. The word is a unit of nomination that is characterized by complete form and idiomaticity б. A part of a sentence, which we can use independently without changing its meaning в. A word is a unit of language that carries meaning and consists of one or more morphemes. Words can be combined to create phrases, clauses and sentences г. A sequence of characters in a sentence, recognized as a lexical unit

A part of a sentence, which we can use independently without changing its meaning

"Free interpretation" was started by: а. Cicero б. Rodger Bacon в. Horace г. Frau Gottshed

Horace

Which line accounts for metonymy? а. I have never read Balzac in the original б. He had an egg-like head and frog-like jaws в. My heart is beating with excitement. г. What a storm of applause!

I have never read Balzac in the original

The words "violin", "piano", "solo" were borrowed from _____ а. French б. Italian в. Russian г. Polish

Italian

A great contribution to translating manuals, chronicles and other works from ancient languages into English was made by: а. King Alfred б. King Jacob в. King Edward г. King John

King Alfred

Domestication and foreignization were termed by: а. Lawrence Venuti б. Mona Baker в. Rhoda Roberts г. Mary Snell Horby

Lawrence Venuti

The English language has developed on the basis of the dialect of ______ а. London б. Edinburgh в. Manchester г. York

London

The division of morphemes into interrupted and uninterrupted belongs to а. L. Bloomfield б. M. Blokh в. H. Pocheptsov г. M. Blokh

M. Blokh

Who called translation equivalence " a treacherous illusion"? а. Mary Snell Hornby б. G.C Catford в. Rhoda Roberts г. Prof. Humbolt

Mary Snell Hornby

The gerund was developed in _____. а. NE б. OE в. ME г. AE

NE

Find the correct variant of translation: He встигла я увійти в квартиру, як зателефонувала моя подруга і сказала, що вона не поїде за місто, бо вона вже дві години робить зачіску. а. No sooner did I enter the flat when my friend had phoned and said that she won't go out of the town as she was having her hair done for two hours. б. No sooner had I entered the flat than my friend phoned and said that she wouldn't go to the country as she had been having her hair done for two hours. в. My friend had phoned before I could enter the flat and said that she wouldn't go to the country as she was doing her hair for two hours. г. Hardly hadn't I entered the flat when my friend phoned and said that she wouldn't go to the country as she had been doing her hair for two hours.

No sooner had I entered the flat than my friend phoned and said that she wouldn't go to the country as she had been having her hair done for two hours.

The first trade agreement was signed in two languages between: а. Assyria and Babylon б. Nubia and Egypt в. Egypt and Greece г. Greece and Rome

Nubia and Egypt

What language belongs to the Old North Germanic languages? а. Old German б. Old Dutch в. Old Icelandic г. Old English

Old Icelandic

Find the correct variant of translation: Приїхавши до села, ми побачили, що там будують нову школу, але ми не припускали, що її будуватимуть ще два роки. а. On coming to the village we saw that a new school was built there but we didn't expect it building for another two years. б. On coming to the village we saw that a new school was built there but we didn't suppose that it would be built for another two years. в. Having come to the village we saw that a new school was built there but we didn't suppose that it would have been building for another two years. г. On coming to the village we saw that a new school was being built there but we didn't expect it to be built for another two years.

On coming to the village we saw that a new school was being built there but we didn't expect it to be built for another two years.

In Kyivan Rus the first treaty in two languages was signed by: а. Prince Oleg б. Prince Yaroslav the Wise в. Princess Olga г. Prince Volodymyr

Prince Oleg

Who proposed a classification of texts depending on their orientation towards different types of receptor? а. Prof. Zorivchak б. Mary Snell Hornby в. Prof. A. Neubert г. Prof. Korunetz

Prof. A. Neubert

Which conquest is the signing of the Wedmore Treaty connected with? а. Saxon. б. Roman. в. Norman. г. Scandinavian

Scandinavian

...change of the common Germanic consonants b, d, g, p, t, k in High German dialects а. Great vowel shift б. Grimm's Law в. Verner's Law г. Second consonant shift

Second Consonant Shift

Language is a _______ phenomenon а. social б. unsocial в. vocal г. phonetic

Social

One of the characteristic features of the New English period has been the development of ___. One of the characteristic features of the New English period has been the development of ___. а. clauses б. structural substitutes в. cases г. endings

Structural substitutes

Who were the earliest inhabitants of the British Isles? а. The Anglo-Saxons б. The Romans в. The Celts г. The Germans

The Celts

The change of the ME helpe > E help Henry Sweet called ______ а. "the period of lost endings" б. "the period of new spelling" в. "the period of vowel loss" г. "the period of lost spelling"

The period of lost endings

Find the correct variant of translation: He може бути, щоб вони не вивчили правило. Вони завжди виконують домашні завдання. а. They can't not to have learnt the rule. They always do their home tasks. б. They cannot have failed to learn the rule. They always do their home tasks. в. They can have not learnt the rule. They use to do their home tasks. г. They couldn't have learnt the rule. They use to do their home tasks.

They cannot have failed to learn the rule. They always do their home tasks.

The NE borrowing coffee is of ______ origin а. Turkish б. Arabic в. Chinese г. American

Turkish/Arabic

The principles of truly faithful literary artistic translation were proclaimed by: а. J. Wycklif б. W. Tyndale; в. J. Dryden г. A. Tytler

Tytler

Which linguist did NOT suggest his own periodization of the history of English? а. Verba. б. Sweet. в. Burnley. г. Arakin.

Verba

_____ is the connection between the Germanic consonant sounds and the position of the OE accent а. Verner's Law б. Grimm's Law в. Rhotacism г. Contraction

Verner's Law

According to Prof. Arakin, the end of the Middle English Period is the ______. а. Wars of Roses б. Norman Conquest в. Anglo-Saxon Invasion г. Introduction of Printing

War of Roses

The only dialect in which there is an extensive collection of texts is ______. а. Northumbrian б. Anglian в. West Saxon г. Kentish

West Saxon

The first English book was printed by ______. а. John Wycliffe б. Geoffrey Chaucer в. William Caxton г. William Shakespeare

William Caxton

What is understood by "meaning" in terms of the referential approach? а. the sum total of what the word contributes to different contexts in which the word may appear б. a certain reflection in our mind of objects or relations that exist in reality в. a certain reflection in our mind of objects or relations that are connected with their sound-form г. the object in the outside world to which the sound form refers

a certain reflection in our mind of objects or relations that exist in reality

The connotative component is what is suggested by or associated with а. a certain symbol б. a certain concept в. a certain referent г. a certain word meaning

a certain word meaning

The traditional view is that a word phrase is а. a combination of two or more notional words б. a combination of two or more notional words в. a combination of a article and a noun г. a predicative word grou

a combination of two or more notional words

A semantic (or lexical) field is identified by а. a common word base б. a common sphere of usage в. a common semantic component г. a common structural unity

a common semantic component

Link verbs form а. a compound verbal predicate б. a simple verbal predicate в. a compound nominal predicate г. a phraseological predicative

a compound nominal predicate

Define the type of the adverbial clause in the sentence "Although if he is poor at least he is honest" а. a result clause б. an adverbial clause of condition в. a concessive clause г. a subject clause

a concessive clause

An archaic word is а. a lexeme created for temporary use to solve an immediate problem of communication б. opposed to the emotionally neutral item в. a word that may be in the process of entering common use, but has not been accepted into mainstream language yet г. a feature of an older state of the language, which continues to be used while retaining the aura of its past

a feature of an older state of the language, which continues to be used while retaining the aura of its past

What is "a synonymic dominant"? а. structurally it is an unproductive word б. a general term, neutral in style and with a great combining power в. etymologically it is a genuine word г. it is a loan word

a general term, neutral in style and with a great combining power

Anticlimax can present а. an abrupt increase of tension б. a gradual slackening of tension в. a gradual increase of tension г. a constant breaking of tension

a gradual slackening of tension

The auditory features responsible for the effect of word stress are а. a greater degree of loudness, a greater length of a stressed syllable, variations in frequency and formant structure б. a greater degree of loudness, variations in rhythm, modifications in pitch and quality в. variations in intensity, a greater length of a stressed syllable, modifications in the pitch and quality г. a greater degree of loudness, a greater length of a stressed syllable, modifications in the pitch and quality

a greater degree of loudness, a greater length of a stressed syllable, modifications in the pitch and quality

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tone group is а. the combination of falling and rising tones б. a group of tunes that have one or more pitch features in common and convey the same attitude on the part of the speaker в. a part of an utterance that convey the same attitude on the part of the speaker г. the pitch features of prosody

a group of tunes that have one or more pitch features in common and convey the same attitude on the part of the speaker

A word is a unity of the sound-form and а. a meaning б. a notion в. a referent г. a symbol

a meaning

Nominal sentences are those in which the principal part is expressed by а. a noun б. an infinitive в. a gerund г. an adjective

a noun

State the syntactic function of the participle in the sentence "I could hear the wind whistling all night" а. an attribute б. a part of a complex object в. an adverbial modifier г. a predicative

a part of a complex object

State the syntactic function of the infinitive in the sentence "Her ambition was to become an actress" а. a part of a compound verbal predicate б. a part of a compound nominal predicate в. an object г. a subject

a part of a compound verbal predicate

In all languages, the syllable has articulatory, acoustic and auditory features. That is why the syllable is а. a phonological unit б. a phonetic unit в. an abstract unit г. a morphological unit

a phonetic unit

Each language has its own rules of combining phonemes into syllables. That is why, the syllable is а. an abstract unit б. a phonological unit в. a phonological unit г. a morphological unit

a phonological unit

"To break - to be broken" presents а. a privative opposition б. a gradual opposition в. an equipollent opposition г. the category of mood

a privative opposition

"Artist" is: а. an international translation loan unit б. a genuine internationalism в. a pseudo internationalism г. a unit of nationally biased lexicon

a pseudo internationalism

Allusion is ... to the reader. а. a reference to something presumably known б. an overstatement of what is known в. a comparison between something known and unknown г. an understatement of what is known

a reference to something presumably known

What term is defined as "the object in the outside world to which the sound form refers"? а. a concept б. a sign в. a referent г. a symbol

a referent

Polysemy is а. another source of grammatical meaning б. an identical form in both the spoken and written language в. a relationship that holds between different senses of the same word г. two different lexical items that happen to be identical in form

a relationship that holds between different senses of the same word

Jargonisms are а. rough and abusive words б. words ousted from the modern language в. a secret code to conceal the meaning г. words that give a local colouring to the text

a secret code to conceal the meaning

What is a grammatical paradigm? а. a set of linguistic elements with a common property б. analytical forms of a word в. synthetical forms of a word г. the internal constituent structure of words

a set of linguistic elements with a common property

Auxiliary verbs form а. a compound verbal predicate б. a simple verbal predicate в. a compound nominal predicate г. a simple nominal predicate

a simple verbal predicate

State the syntactic function of the participle in the sentence "I was somewhat confused by his question" а. an adverbial modifier б. a predicative в. a simple verbal predicate г. an object

a simple verbal predicate

The Passive Voice constitutes а. a simple verbal predicate б. a compound verbal predicate в. a compound nominal predicate г. a simple nominal predicate

a simple verbal predicate

From a phonetic perspective, the central element of a tone group is а. a word б. any stressed syllable in a word в. a stressed syllable in a word marked by a change in pitch г. a stressed but unaccented syllable

a stressed syllable in a word marked by a change in pitch

A translation loan means а. a word or a phrase formed from the material available in the given language but after a foreign pattern by means of literal, morpheme-for-morpheme translation of every component б. the development in an English word of a new meaning under the influence of a correlated unit in some other language в. two or more words of the same language which came by different routes from one and the same basic original word г. a word which occur in several languages as a result of borrowing from the same ultimate source

a word or a phrase formed from the material available in the given language but after a foreign pattern by means of literal, morpheme-for-morpheme translation of every component

Adapting the articulation of a consonant to a neighbouring vowel or vice versa is called а. assimilation б. liason в. elision г. accommodation

accommodation

Passive Voice renders а. action б. state в. condition г. time correlation

action

What technique was used in the following translation? Soccer - футбол а. adaptation б. substitution в. modulation г. reformulation

adaptation

Terms in fiction texts а. add to the character sketch б. carry out a logical function в. provide a strict description of some object г. perform an informative function

add to the character sketch

The category of "definiteness-indefiniteness" possessed OE ______. а. nouns б. adjectives в. verbs г. adverbs

adjective

Epithets can be expressed by а. adjectives, adverbs and nouns б. adjectives and pronouns в. nouns, pronouns and adjectives г. pronouns, adverbs and postpositive adjectives

adjectives, adverbs and nouns + postpositive attribute

Define the type of the adverbial clause in the sentence "He looks as if he is going to be ill" а. adverbial clause of comparison б. adverbial clause of manner в. adverbial clause of concession г. adverbial clause of reason

adverbial clause of comparison of manner(LOL)

Uninterrupted morphemes according to professor M.Blokh are а. analytical inflexions б. affixes в. auxiliaries г. modal verbs

affixes

According to their grammatical and semantic properties the word phrase "desire to come" is а. government б. agreement в. adjoinment г. cumulative

agreement

Substitution of the abbreviation for the full proper or geographical name is called: а. amplification б. explication в. reformulation г. modulation

amplification

State the syntactic function of the participle in the sentence "People were happy to spend a night or a vacation surrounded by the cool ocean breeze" а. an attribute б. an adverbial modifier в. a complex object г. a predicative

an adverbial modifier

State the syntactic function of the gerund in the sentence "I've no intention of sending Susan away" а. an attribute б. an object в. an adverbial modifier г. a predicative

an attribute

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "A man whose voice seemed familiar to me gave commands" а. an attributive clause б. an object clause в. a predicative clause г. a conditional clause

an attributive clause

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "The sun which had been hidden all day long, now came out in all its splendour" а. an attributive clause б. an object clause в. a predicative clause г. a conditional clause

an attributive clause

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "They see no reason why they should not do so" а. an object clause б. an attributive clause в. a predicative clause г. a conditional clause

an attributive clause

Define the type of the subordinate clause in the sentence "He wandered about the place like a man who has nothing else to do" | а. a predicative clause б. an adverbial clause в. an attributive clause г. an object clause

an attributive clause

The word combination "the apple of discord" is translated with the help of: а. an equivalent б. an analogy в. antonymic translation г. description

an equivalent

A euphemism is а. a homonym an expression which refers to the taboo topic in a vague or indirect way б. a synonym в. an item which people use in polite society г. a homonym

an expression which refers to the taboo topic in a vague or indirect way

A verbal sentence is one in which the principal part is expressed by а. an extended subject б. a structural subject в. an infinitive г. a noun

an infinitive

"Non-conducting" is: а. a unit of nationally biased lexicon б. a pseudo internationalism в. a genuine internationalism г. an international translation loan unit

an international translation loan unit

"He gave so much, and got so little back" is parallelism with а. climax б. chiasmus в. antithesis г. anticlimax

antithesis

"Mrs. Nork had a large home and a small husband." State the type of syntactical device used in the sentence. а. anticlimax б. chiasmus в. climax г. antithesis

antithesis

The syntactical device based on the opposition of ideas is called а. anadiplosis б. aposiopesis в. antithesis г. anticlimax

antithesis

There were old women who complained of being too fat and young women who complained of being too thin, people who found they couldn't sleep and people who found they couldn't stay awake." ... is used in the sentence. а. chiasmus б. climax в. anticlimax г. antithesis

antithesis

"The next speaker was a tall man, Sir Something Somebody." There is a(n)... in this sentence а. metonymy б. epithet в. antonomasia г. allusion

antonomasia

Accented words а. are always marked by a sustention of pitch (level tone) б. may be unstressed в. are always marked by a change in the direction of tone г. are always stressed because they are important to the speaker

are always stressed because they are important to the speaker

Distinctive features of the phoneme а. are irrelevant features б. are articulatory features that change the meaning of a word в. do not change the meaning of a word г. change the meaning of a word, but do not distinguish a phoneme from other phonemes

are articulatory features that change the meaning of a word

As lexical units, monosyllabic words а. have a correlation of degrees of prominence б. have no stress pattern and are not stressed в. are considered to be stressed г. are considered to be unstressed

are considered to be stressed

The effect of foreignisms is strong because they а. are partially assimilated б. add to the expressiveness of the text в. are felt as alien г. are completely assimilated

are felt as alien

Proverbs and sayings а. are always created by the author б. are given new life in the context в. don't emphasize the character's quality г. are always changed in the context

are given new life in the context

In the syllable division, we should avoid creating consonant clusters which are not found in words in isolation, i.e. consonant clusters which а. are not possible in the initial and final position in a word б. precede a vowel в. follow a vowel г. are possible in the initial and final position in a word

are not possible in the initial and final position in a word

Inflexional morphemes а. are only analytical б. are suppletive в. are not used to indicate parts of speech г. are based on the correlation of different roots

are not used to indicate parts of speech

Co-ordinative phrases are such ones, the constituents of which а. syntactically unequal б. are on an equal rank в. are the head and the adjunct г. cannot be changed

are on an equal rank

Minimal pairs are а. vowels and consonants б. are two words that differ in one phoneme в. phonemes and allophones г. types of transcription

are two words that differ in one phoneme

Positions and movements of speech organs in the production of sounds are studied by а. acoustic phonetics б. articulatory phonetics в. auditory phonetics г. phonology

articulatory phonetics

A polysyllabic word has а. as many degrees of prominence as there are syllables in it б. two stressed syllables в. equal degrees of prominence in all syllables г. two to four degrees of prominence

as many degrees of prominence as there are syllables in it

A consonant may lose some of its features and acquire some features of a neighbouring consonant. This phenomenon is called а. accomodation б. assimilation в. reduction г. elision

assimilation

The adjective can perform the syntactic function of а. attribute and predicative б. object and predicative в. adverbial modifier and attribute г. subject and predicate

attribute and predicative

Find the predicative clause in the sentence "It is because he is weak that he needs me" а. he needs me б. because he is weak в. because he is weak г. he is weak

because he is weak

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the head of the tone group а. begins with the first stressed syllable and ends with the syllable preceding the nucleus б. begins with the stressed syllable of the first accented word and ends with the syllable preceding the nucleus в. begins with the stressed syllable of the first accented word and ends with the syllable following the nucleus г. begins with the stressed syllable of the last accented word and ends with the syllable preceding the nucleus

begins with the stressed syllable of the first accented word and ends with the syllable preceding the nucleus

The principal means of enriching the ME vocabulary is _______. а. borrowing б. suffixation в. word-composition г. prefixation

borrowing

What is the process of forming the homonyms peace - piece? а. shift of meaning б. borrowing в. conversion г. clipping

borrowing

The difference between phraseological units and free word combinations lies in а. both syntactical and semantic peculiarities б. syntactical peculiarities (impossibility of transformations) в. semantic peculiarities (they are partially or fully non-motivated) г. morphological peculiarities

both syntactical and semantic peculiarities

Phonemes are sometimes called а. bundles of redundant features б. bundles of phonetic distinctive features в. allophones in free variation г. allophones in complementary distribution

bundles of phonetic distinctive features

She floated away like a flower tossed into a pool - Вона пролетіла, як квітка, яку кинули у басейн. The simile used in this sentence was translated: а. by an image loan б. by analogy в. by equivalent г. by description

by an image loan

Compound sentences are such polypredicative units the clauses of which are joined а. by coordination б. by subordination в. asyndetically г. by consecutive subordination

by coordination

Metaphors can be translated: а. by description б. by practical transcribing в. by transliterating г. by machine translation

by description

The word "infamous" should be translated: а. by description б. by transliteration в. by loan г. by antonymic translation

by description

The word combination "stars and stripes" should be translated: а. by description б. by transliteration в. by loan г. by antonymic translation

by description

a queer fish - дивак This phraseological unit was translated: а. by an image loan б. by equivalent в. by analogy г. by description

by description

It's his place in the sun - це його місце під сонцем This phraseological unit was translated: а. by equivalent б. by analogy в. by an image loan г. by description

by equivalent

Cliché metaphors are usually translated: а. by equivalents б. by transliteration в. by loans г. by way of description

by equivalents

Phraseological units originating from ancient history are usually translated: а. by equivalents б. by loans в. by transliteration г. by antonymic translation

by equivalents

What technique was used to translate the following word combination? phone book - телефонна книга а. transposition б. borrowing в. calque г. paraphrase

calque

The slang of one generation ... standard vocabulary of the next. а. can't be б. can be в. is always г. is never

can be ???

Usually, the rhythmic unit а. can contain one or more tone groups б. is the nucleus of the tone group в. can coincide with a tone group г. is the terminal tone of the tone group

can coincide with a tone group

Terms in scientific texts а. carry out a logical function б. make the text more emotional в. provide a true-to-life background г. perform an informative and emotive function

carry out a logical function

Ellipsis makes the speech more а. casual б. lofty в. official г. formal

casual

"Quinn Thompson was direct, sure, powerful, mysterious in some ways." We deal with ... epithets. а. two-step б. chain в. inverted г. pair

chain

"It was better to have a story and not need one than to need one and not have one," The syntactical stylistic device used in the sentence is а. inversion б. chiasmus в. complete parallelism г. partial parallelism

chiasmus

Two neighbouring sounds may influence each other. This phenomenon is called а. double assimilation б. coalescent assimilation в. full assimilation г. partial assimilation

coalescent assimilation

What is the word-form? а. a meaningful part of the word б. a constituent structure of the word в. a combination of the word stem with inflexional morphemes г. a systematic form-meaning correspondence between words

combination of the word stem with inflexional morphemes a constituent structure of the word

Compounding consists in а. removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word б. the shift between parts of speech в. combining two or more base morphemes or words to form a new word г. deriving new words by means of adding a prefix or a suffix to the base morpheme

combining two or more base morphemes or words to form a new word

The category of case of a noun is expressed by the opposition of а. nominative and objective case б. nominative and possessive case в. common and possessive case г. genitive and dative case

common and possessive case

Inversion is divided into а. partial and emphatic б. complete and extended в. partial and prolonged г. complete and partial

complete and partial

Define the type of the predicate in the sentence "I was unconscious for two hours" а. simple verbal б. compound verbal в. compound nominal г. verbal-nominal

compound nominal

Define the type of predicate in the sentence "The child stopped crying" а. compound verbal б. compound verbal в. simple verbal г. verbal-nominal

compound verbal

Define the type of predicate in the sentence "They happened to meet at the bus- stop" а. simple verbal б. verbal-nominal в. compound nominal г. compound verbal

compound verbal

Neologisms are formed by means of а. compounding and assonance б. alliteration and affixation в. compounding and affixation г. shortening and alliteration

compounding and affixation

What term refers to the definition "It reflects the ideas about an object, phenomenon, process or quality in the mind"? а. lexical meaning б. grammatical meaning в. connotative meaning г. semantic motivation

connotative meaning

Open class-words are nouns referring to а. function words б. grammatical words в. content words г. auxiliary words

content words

Oxymoron is a stylistic device representing a combination of two ... ideas. а. contrasting б. similar в. compared г. identical

contrasting

Which line does not account for the source of synonymy? а. British vs American vocabulary б. abbreviation в. borrowings г. convergent sound development

convergent sound development?

What is the process of forming the homonyms son - sun? а. shift of meaning б. borrowing в. convergents г. conversion

convergents

What relations can be observed between the parts of the sentence: "The windows were open, for it was hot" а. coordination б. subordination в. adversative г. disjunctive

coordination

Reduplication consists in а. removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word б. creating new words by means of repeating the same or similar elements в. fusing two or more words to create a new word г. deriving new words by means of omitting an initial part of a word

creating new words by means of repeating the same or similar elements

Literary(Coding) Stylistics а. deals with individual styles of authors б. studies the vocabulary units of the language в. describes expressive peculiarities of certain texts г. investigates stylistic systems of several languages in comparison

deals with individual styles of authors

What process of semantic changes is defined as "a process as the result of which for one reason or another a word becomes disrepute and less respectable"? а. degradation of meaning б. narrowing of meaning в. transference of meaning г. extension of meaning

degradation of meaning

What term refers to the definition "the objective relationship between a lexeme and the reality to which it refers"? а. connotation б. reference в. referent г. denotation

denotation

Abbreviation consists in а. removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word б. creating new words by means of repeating the same or similar elements в. fusing two or more words to create a new word г. deriving new words by means of omitting a part of a word

deriving new words by means of omitting a part of a word

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the Low Drop tune sounds а. detached б. interested в. surprised г. questioning

detached

"I had thought of him as exactly the opposite. Careful. Steady. Gray." The italicized part presents а. aposiopesis б. inversion в. detachment г. suspense

detachment

Prof. Rodney Huddleston refers pronouns to the class of а. coordinators б. subordinators в. quatifiers г. determinatives

determinatives

Ideographic synonyms а. are similar in a certain context б. don't differ in shades of meaning в. are absolutely similar г. differ in shades of meaning

differ in shades of meaning (stare,look,glance)

Redundant features of a phoneme а. help to establish the system of phonemes in a language б. do not help to distinguish one phoneme from other phoemes в. depend on the force of articulation г. depend on the place of obstruction

do not help to distinguish one phoneme from other phoemes

Inversion ... logical stress to it. а. doesn't alter the word order of the utterance but adds б. alters the meaning of the utterance and adds no в. doesn't alter the meaning of the utterance but adds г. doesn't alter the meaning of the utterance and doesn't add

doesn't alter the meaning of the utterance but adds

Ordinary repetition а. doesn't have a definite place б. has a definite place in the sentences в. occurs only at the beginning of sentences г. occurs at the beginning and at the end of the utterance

doesn't have a definite place

In ancient Egypt interpreters were called: а. dragomans б. translators в. polyglots г. interpreters

dragomans

An elliptical sentence is one with а. the subject omitted б. either the subject or the predicate omitted в. the predicate omitted г. secondary parts omitted

either the subject or the predicate omitted

In rapid/careless speech, sounds may be left out. This phenomenon is called а. liason б. elision в. accommodation г. assimilation

elision (wanna go)

The omission of one or more words in the sentence is called а. ellipsis б. inversion в. parcellation г. detachment

ellipsis

Semantically epithets are divided into а. emotive proper and affective б. emotive proper and transferred в. transferred and figurative г. transferred and inverted

emotive proper and transferred

Synonyms can be used for а. emphasis б. information в. suspense г. implication

emphasis (suspense?)

Expressive meaning а. emphasizes some attribute or feature of the object б. renders the assessment of the speaker and evokes assessive reactions of the recipient of information в. shows the emotional state of the speaker, his frame of mind г. identifies the vocabulary unit with a certain functional style

emphasizes some attribute or feature of the object

Stressed but unaccented words а. are marked by a change in pitch б. ensure the occurrence of stressed syllables at approximately equal periods of time в. carry the nuclear tone г. are marked by the change in pitch combined with stressed

ensure the occurrence of stressed syllables at approximately equal periods of time

What technique was used in the following translation? It was a few days before the Fourth of July - Це було за кілька днів до Дня Незалежності. а. explication б. modulation в. addition г. reformulation

explication

What technique was used in the following translation? She was the first "nice" girl he had ever known - Вона була першою дівчиною "з вищого світу", з якою звела його доля. а. reformulation б. explication в. omission г. compensation

explication

What technique was used in the following translation? Well, he told me once he was an Oxford man - Ну, якось він розповідав мені, що навчався в Оксфорді. а. explication б. loan в. substitution г. reformulation

explication

Define the process of semantic changes in the following words: paper, manuscript, pipe, vandal, utopian. а. narrowing of meaning б. elevation of meaning в. transference of meaning г. extension of meaning

extension of meaning

"She gave her name to the pretty female desk clerk in a white ao dai, the traditional Vietnamese costume ..." The italicized words are а. foreignisms б. colloquial в. archaic г. neologisms

foreignisms

"Obviously - this is a streptococcal infection. Obviously." State the type of repetition а. anadiplosis б. anaphora в. framing г. epiphora

framing

G.Skovoroda translated Cicero`s works by way of: а. sense-to sense translation б. word-for-word translation в. free interpretation г. faithful literary artistic translation

free interpretation

In the Middle Ages the Southern Italian school of translation translated secular works mostly with the help of: а. sense-to sense translation б. word-for-word translation в. free interpretation г. interlinear translation

free interpretation

Structurally morphemes are divided into а. roots and afixes б. productive and unproductive в. free, bound, semi-bound г. derivational and inflexional

free, bound, semi-bound

Simile is а. always introduced by conjunctions б. frequently introduced by conjunctions в. never introduced by other means г. always introduced by verbs denoting likeness

frequently introduced by conjunctions

Stylistics deals with а. interrelation between Stylistics and Lexicology б. functional styles of the standard language в. synonymous types of expressive meaning г. morphological structure of words

functional styles of the standard language

Blending consists in а. removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word б. creating new words by means of repeating the same or similar elements в. fusing two or more words to create a new word г. deriving new words by means of omitting an initial part of a word

fusing two or more words to create a new word

In ME "the" lost _____ distinctions а. gender, case, number б. gender, case в. case, number г. gender, number

gener, case, number

Choose a set of words where syntagmatic relationships are observed? а. hi, hello, bye, see you soon, so long, all right б. bag, briefcase, handbag, purse, rucksack, suitcase в. teacher, coach, lecturer, instructor, tutor, pedagogue г. green years, green fruit, green teacher

green leaves, green years, green fruit, green teacher

Choose a set of words where paradigmatic relationships are observed а. white light, white crow, white night, white lie, white man б. heavy sky, heavy bag, heavy rain, heavy heart, heavy supper в. hand, handy, handwriting, handwritten, handful, handball г. green leaves, green years, green man, in the long green

hand, handy, handwriting, handwritten, handful, handball

Expressive means а. have a greater degree of predictability than stylistic devices б. are as predictable as stylistic devices; в. carry as much information as stylistic devices; г. have less degree of predictability than stylistic devices

have a greater degree of predictability than stylistic devices

Prof. E. Morohovska defines lexical words as а. having denotative ability б. having significative ability в. close class-words г. showing the meaning relationship between notional words in a sentence

having denotative ability

Which of the words are the native ones? а. potato, tomato, tobacco, macho, fiesta б. came, crocodile, hyena, gorilla, lynx, monkey в. pigeon, turkey, kangaroo, giraffe, squirrel, zebra г. hen, cow, goat, crow, bird, bear, fox, hare, lark

hen, cow, goat, crow, bird, bear, fox, hare, lark

Puns can be based on а. synonymy б. homonymy в. antonymy г. metonymy

homonymy

"He then prescribed with his own pen a dose of barbiturate that would have kept a woodful of owls quiet." State the kind of stylistic device expressed by the italicized words. а. hyperbole б. phrase epithet в. simile г. metonymy

hyperbole

"Maurice was an actor about a million years ago." The sentence contains а. metonymy б. hyperbole в. metaphor г. simile

hyperbole

The first known bilingual and multilingual dictionaries appeared: а. in Egypt б. in Assyria в. in Babylon г. in Greece

in Babylon

What is the difference between compound words and nominal word combinations? а. in a combination of words each element is stressed and written separately б. they can be of different parts of speech в. they have different meanings where the first element modifies the other г. they have different connotation

in a combination of words each element is stressed and written separately

What clauses is the present subjunctive used? а. in imperative sentences which are characterized by the absence of the subject б. in certain fixed phrases expressing wishes в. in that-clauses г. in subordinate clauses with the verb "wish" to express a hypothetical idea

in that-clauses

Completely assimilated loan words а. indistinguishable phonetically б. borrowed from French in which the final consonant is not pronounced в. follow morphological, phonetical and orthographic standards г. have corresponding English equivalents

indistinguishable phonetically

In interlinear translation lexical and grammatical transformations are: а. impossible б. possible в. unnecessary г. inevitable

inevitable

Define the kind of translation: street traffic regulations - правила дорожнього руху а. interlinear б. descriptive в. word-for-word г. verbal

interlinear

Fiction can be translated with the help of: а. machine translation б. literal translation в. interlinear translation г. verbal translation

interlinear translation

Borrowed words that are not assimilated in the adopting language are а. barbarisms б. historisms в. jargonisms г. international wolds

international words

Words which occur in several languages as a result of borrowing from the same ultimate source are а. international words б. archaic words в. historisms г. new words

international words

Practical transcribing is used to translate: а. internationalisms б. metaphors в. asyndetic noun clusters г. units of nationally biased lexicon

internationalisms

"So many tears she had wiped away in the life of hers." Define the type of the syntactical device used in the sentence. а. inversion б. ellipsis в. detachment г. suspense

inversion

"She'd had a disaster of a night." State the structural type of epithet а. inverted б. phrase в. two-step г. chain

inverted

Contrastive stylistics а. is a science of functional styles and expressive potential of a language б. deals with individual styles of authors в. investigates stylistic systems of two or more languages in comparison г. studies morphological structure of lexical units

investigates stylistic systems of two or more languages in comparison

Linguo-stylistics а. studies the vocabulary stock of the language б. deals with individual styles of authors в. investigates stylistic systems of two or more languages in comparison г. is a science of functional styles and expressive potential of a language

is a science of functional styles and expressive potential of a language

Irony а. doesn't differ from humor б. is more veiled than humor в. is as good-humored as humor г. doesn't express criticism

is more veiled than humor

Which new letters were introduced in ME? а. R, b, l. б. G, k, n. в. F, m, w. г. J, q, v.

j,q,v

Non-standard vocabulary usually comprises а. colloquial words and terms б. neologisms and dialectal words в. jargonisms and vulgarisms г. dialectal words and terms

jargonisms and vulgarisms

Which is the ME borrowing from Scandinavian? а. colonel б. crime в. knife г. potato

knife

According to the criteria of the active speech organ and the place of obstruction, consonants are divided into а. labial, lingual, glottal б. occlusives, constrictives, affricates в. plosives, fricatives, sonants г. labio-dental fricatives, palato-alveolar affricates

labial, lingual, glottal

What term can be defined as "words that are identical in their sound form but have no common semes or association"? а. lexical homonyms б. polysemantic words в. paronyms г. phraseological units

lexical homonyms

Traditionally parts of speech are regarded as а. lexico-grammatical classes б. semantic classes в. syntactic classes г. functional classes

lexico-grammatical classes

A sound may be introduced between words to link them. This phenomenon is called а. elision liason б. elision в. accommodation г. assimilation

liason (ˈsʌmər ənd ˈɔːtəm)

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the High Drop tune sounds а. reserved б. lively в. disapproving г. hurt

lively

Climax can be а. quantitative, qualitative, emotive б. logical, inverted, emotive в. logical, emotive, qualitative г. logical, emotive, quantitative

logical, emotive, quantitative

The rhythmic word stress tendency а. means that the stress of the parent word is often retained in the derivatives б. manifests itself in shifting the stress onto the third syllable from the end в. manifests itself in the fact that the most important elements in words are stressed г. manifests itself in the fact that there are as many degrees of stress in a word as there are syllables in it

manifests itself in shifting the stress onto the third syllable from the end

The recessive word stress tendency а. manifests itself in shifting the stress onto the third syllable from the end б. manifests itself in stressing the root syllable в. means that borrowed polysyllabic words have a secondary stress on the third syllable from the end г. means that the stress of the parent word is often retained in the derivatives

manifests itself in stressing the root syllable

The retentive word stress tendency а. manifests itself in shifting the stress onto the third syllable from the end б. means that the most important elements in words are stressed в. manifests itself in the fact that the stress of the parent word is often retained in the derivatives г. means that borrowed polysyllabic words have a secondary stress on the third syllable from the end

manifests itself in the fact that the stress of the parent word is often retained in the derivatives

"The sea and the sky were welded together without a joint." The sentence contains а. simile б. personification в. metonymy г. metaphor

metaphor

"Then the magic touch of a diploma changes the student's emotional life as violently as his economic one." The italicized words contain а. metaphor б. two-step epithet в. antonomasia г. oxymoron

metaphor

The difference between metaphor and simile is а. metaphor is an explicit, simile is an implicit comparison б. metaphor is an implicit, simile is an explicit comparison в. simile is a comparison and metaphor is not г. simile and metaphor are both explicit

metaphor is an implicit, simile is an explicit comparison

"The brisk voice belonged to one of the white caps." Find out the type of stylistic device used in the sentence а. metonymy б. metaphor в. oxymoron г. synecdoche

metonymy

Synechdoche is a variety of а. metonymy б. metaphor в. hyperbole г. simile

metonymy

What classes are auxiliaries subdivided? а. modal and primary б. limitive and inlimitive в. regular and irregular г. complex and composite

modal and primary

What technique was used in the following translation? I'd like to - Із задоволенням а. compensation б. addition в. loan г. modulation

modulation

What technique was used in the following translation? You can have it - Можеш взяти. а. substitution б. loan в. explication г. modulation

modulation

Slowing down the tempo of speech, we make an utterance а. more rhythmical б. more prominent в. more structured г. more functional

more prominent

Which line accounts for the lexical homonyms? а. throne-thrown, saw-sore, bear-bare б. some - sum, so - saw, flu - flew в. asked - asked, put - put, brother's - brothers г. nail - nail, bank - bank, yard - yard

nail - nail, bank - bank, yard - yard

Metonymy is based on a real-life association between the object а. named and the object exaggerated б. named and the object implied в. compared to another object г. implied and described

named and the object implied

What process of semantic changes is defined as "a process as the result of which a word of wide usage is restricted in its application and comes to be used only in a special meaning"? а. degradation of meaning б. narrowing of meaning в. transference of meaning г. elevation of meaning

narrowing of meaning

Verbal translation conveys: а. both the orthographic and the sounding form of the source language unit б. the orthographic form of the source language unit в. the sounding form of the source language unit г. neither the orthographic nor the sounding form of the source language unit

neither the orthographic nor the sounding form of the source language unit

Which of the groups of words listed below corresponds to passive vocabulary? а. professionalisms, barbarisms, loan words б. archaisms, dialect words, borrowings в. neologisms, historisms, archaisms г. borrowings and slang words

neologisms, historisms, archaisms

"They had grown up. Boyfriends. Jobs. Trips." State the type of stylistic device referring to the completeness of the sentence. а. nominative sentence б. ellipsis в. inversion г. detachment

nominative sentence

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the Terrace tune expresses а. gladness б. non-finality в. antagonistic attitude г. protest

non-finality

The class of determinatives does not include а. quantifiers б. numerals в. non-gradable adjectives г. possessive pronouns

non-gradable adjectives

The coda is а. the peak of the syllable б. the nucleus of the syllable в. the central element(s) of the syllable г. non-syllabic element(s) following the peak of the syllable

non-syllabic element(s) following the peak of the syllable

In OE usage of multiple negation was _____ а. striking б. abnormal в. normal г. wondrous

normal

Contextual synonyms are а. never similar in the context б. fixed in the dictionary as such в. absolutely similar г. not fixed in the dictionary as such

not fixed in the dictionary as such

Sayings are а. more completely expressed than proverbs б. as completely expressed as proverbs в. not so completely expressed as proverbs г. never created by writers

not so completely expressed as proverbs

According to their meaning verbs may be divided into а. transitive and intransitive б. notional and semi-notional в. subjective and objective г. auxiliaries and modal

notional and semi-notional

The types of utterance stress are as follows: а. nuclear stress, non-nuclear full stress, partial stress б. word stress, utterance stress в. notional word stress, functional word stress г. stress and rhythm

nuclear stress, non-nuclear full stress, partial stress

OE adjectives possessed the following categories: ______. а. the category of comparison, the category of gender, the category of aspect б. the category of number, the category of comparison в. the category of comparison, the category of gender г. the category of number, the category of comparison, the category of gender

number,comparison,gender (+case)

The class of determinatives includes а. nouns б. numerals в. verbs г. adjectives

numerals

Which group of words belongs to the native stock? а. plum, palm, acacia, pine, baobab, mallow, pear б. apricot, orange, banana, pomegranate, melon, cherry, lemon в. nut, acorn, fir, walnut, hazel-nut, ash, oak г. potato, tomato, tobacco, macho, fiesta

nut, acorn, fir, walnut, hazel-nut, ash, oak

In OE prepositions ______ followed the nouns or pronouns they governed. а. ever б. always в. never г. often

often

"And now there came the chock-chock of wooden hammers." The italicized words are а. onomatopoeia б. alliteration в. assonance г. assimilation

onomatopoeia

"The wind whipped through the metal bars between the brick posts <...>." State the phonetic device used in the example. а. onomatopoeia б. alliteration в. assonance г. rhyme

onomatopoeia / alliteration

The influence of the Norman Conquest is mainly felt in the English ______. а. pronunciation б. morphology в. syntax г. orthography

orthography

"For a timeless minute she battled a drowning sensation." The italicized words are а. inverted epithet б. metaphor в. metonymy г. oxymoron

oxymoron

"When we finally emerged from the theatre, Nino was waiting, inconspicuously visible." The italicized words present а. oxymoron б. metaphor в. allusion г. euphemism

oxymoron

"Businessmen freed their necks of ties, models preened, artists scribbled, street musicians played, poets joked." The italicized words present а. detachment б. chiasmus в. inversion г. parallelism

parallelism

Antithesis can be based on а. parallelism б. inversion в. ellipsis г. synonyms

parallelism

Chiasmus is a variety of а. climax б. parallelism в. anticlimax г. suspense

parallelism

In case a source language concept is not lexicalized in the target language one should use: а. amplification б. transposition в. paraphrase г. substitution

paraphrase

"She was crazy about you. In the beginning." The sentence contains а. ellipsis б. suspense в. inversion г. parcellation

parcellation

"As usual, there was no love lost between the new man in the Oval Office and his predecessor." Define the stylistic device expressed by the italicized part. а. metaphor б. periphrasis в. metonymy г. simile

periphrasis

"The crew fired their torpedoes and watched them sizzling through the water, giant silver fish of destruction." The detached construction contains а. metonymy б. euphemism в. oxymoron г. periphrasis

periphrasis

Semantic classification divides sentences into: а. personal and impersonal б. simple and composite в. declarative and imperative г. one member and two member

personal and impersonal

A morph is the smallest meaningful succession of а. morphemes б. phonemes в. allomorphs г. lexemes

phonemes

He was in his tell-it-like-it-is mode." State the structural type of epithet а. inverted б. two-step в. pair г. phrase

phrase

Structurally epithets can be а. phrase and prolonged б. phrase and inverted в. pair and sustained г. chain and emotive proper

phrase and inverted (+single,chain)

What types of phraseological units did acad. V.Vynogradov single out? а. phraseological fusions, phraseological unities, phraseological combinations б. nominative and communicative в. phrasemes and idioms г. one-summit and two-summit units

phraseological fusions, phraseological unities, phraseological combinations

The means by which the effect of utterance stress is produced are the variations in а. rhythm, loudness, length, quality of sounds б. speaker's emotions в. meaning г. pitch, loudness, length, quality of sounds

pitch, loudness, length, quality of sounds

Neutral words are the main source of а. polysemy and synonymy б. polysemy and antonomy в. homonymy and synonymy г. antonymy and homonymy

polysemy and synonymy

Suspense is а. postponing the main thought toward the end of the utterance б. presenting the main thought in the middle of the utterance в. postponing less important facts toward the end of the utterance . presenting the most important information at the beginning of the utterance

postponing the main thought toward the end of the utterance

Contextual interpretation(dep. on context) as one of the ways of translating units of nationally biased lexicon was offered by: а. prof. Korunets б. prof. Zorivchak в. prof. Humbolt г. prof. Ilyish

prof. Zorivchak

Transposition on connotation level (калина дівчина) as one of the ways of translating units of nationally biased lexicon was offered by: а. prof. Zorivchak б. prof. Korunets в. prof. Humbolt г. prof. Barkhudarov

prof. Zorivchak

"Our troops are always saying they're over-sexed, over-paid and over here." The sentence contains а. zeugma б. pun в. metonymy г. simile

pun

"If Joel had lost sixty pounds since their last visit, Van Thiessen had found most of it." Define the stylistic devices that produce the ironic effect. а. antithesis+hyperbole б. pun+hyperbole в. metaphor+hyperbole г. pun+antithesis

pun+antithesis ?

Voiceless consonants are а. noises with an admixture of tone б. tone with an admixture of noise в. pure noises г. based on voice

pure noises

Alternation of short and long vowels, and also alternation with a "zero" represent _____. а. qualitative ablaut б. quantitative ablaut в. comparative ablaut г. relative ablaut

quantitative ablaut

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the High Bounce tune sounds а. questioning б. protesting в. categorical г. self-satisfied

questioning

Idiomatic expressions can be translated word-for-word: а. frequently б. always в. never г. rarely

rarely

In unstressed syllables, the articulation of vowels is weakened and the duration is shortened. This phenomenon is called а. elision б. accomodation в. liason г. reduction

reduction

A thematic group a. is a sum of syntagmatic groups б. is a synonymous set в. reflects a certain sphere of extralinguistic activity г. includes polysemous word phrases

reflects a certain sphere of extralinguistic activity

What technique was used in the following translation? film "Die Hard" - фільм "Міцний горішок" а. reformulation б. explication в. substitution г. modulation

reformulation

Palatal mutation is a kind of _______. а. regressive assimilation б. progressive assimilation в. palatalization г. ablaut

regressive assimilation

Synonyms belonging to the same stylistic layer, having the same connotation which are characterized by the differentiating semantic components of their denotation are named а. absolute б. stylistic в. relative г. lexical

relative / lexical

Back-formation consists in а. deriving new words by means of omitting an initial part of a word б. creating new words by means of repeating the same or similar elements в. fusing two or more words to create a new word г. removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word

removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word

Evaluative meaning ~ а. renders the assessment of the speaker and evokes assessive reactions of the recipient of information б. shows the emotional state of the speaker, his frame of mind в. emphasizes some attribute or feature of the object г. identifies the vocabulary unit with a certain functional style

renders the assessment of the speaker and evokes assessive reactions of the recipient of information

Alliteration is а. sound-imitating words б. repetition of the same vowel in several successive words в. repetition of the same consonant in several successive words г. omission of some sounds

repetition of the same consonant in several successive words

Assonance is а. repetition of the same vowel in several successive words б. repetition of the same consonant in several successive words в. sound-imitating words г. rhyming of words

repetition of the same vowel in several successive words

Articulatory phonetics studies such phenomena as а. frequency, spectrum, intensity б. phonemes в. pitch, loudness, length г. respiration, phonation, articulation

respiration, phonation, articulation

In chiasmus the word order of the first unit is ... in the second one. а. reversed б. repeated в. varied г. suspended

reversed

Quantitative changes of stressed vowels in the ME period influenced greatly the English ____. а. rhythm б. syntax в. grammatical structure г. vocabulary

rhythm

What morphemes are singled out semantically? а. semi-bound б. free and bound в. roots and affixes г. grammatical inflexions

roots and affixes

Martin Luther translated the Bible into German with the help of: а. sense-to sense translation б. word-for-word translation в. free interpretation г. faithful literary artistic translation

sense-to sense translation

William Tyndale translated the Bible into English with the help of: а. free interpretation б. word-for-word translation в. sense-to sense translation г. faithful literary artistic translation

sense-to sense translation

Detachment consists in а. separating a secondary part of the sentence from the main part б. dividing an elliptical sentence into parts в. omitting a secondary part of the sentence г. breaking the sentence into separate parts for variety

separating a secondary part of the sentence from the main part

In OE the strong verbs can be grouped in _____ general classes а. six б. five в. seven г. four

seven

"Last time she'd panicked, backed away like a frightened rabbit." State the type of the stylistic device а. simile б. personification в. metaphor г. hyperbole

simile

"The light turned green and the New York City cabbie hit the gas pedal as if he were trying to squash a bug." The italicized words are а. simile б. hyperbole в. metaphor г. personification

simile

Structurally we distinguish ... metaphors а. sustained and prolonged б. simple and sustained в. prolonged and trite г. trite and compound

simple and sustained

Headphones are necessary for: а. consecutive interpretation б. simultaneous interpretation в. AD Hoc interpretation г. community interpretation

simultaneous interpretation

Non-standard vocabulary comprises а. archaisms and terms б. barbarisms and dialectal words в. slang and vulgarisms г. terms and dialectisms

slang and vulgarisms

Metaphor is a stylistic device based on а. some unexisting or supposed likeness between objects б. some existing or supposed likeness between objects в. interaction between dictionary and nominal meanings г. interaction between logical and dictionary meanings

some existing or supposed likeness between objects

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the Low Bounce tune sounds а. reproachful б. protesting в. soothing, reassuring г. hurt

soothing, reassuring

Prosodic features are а. syllables, rhythmic units, tone groups, utterances б. level tone, word stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses в. prosody and intonation г. speech melody, utterance stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses

speech melody, utterance stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses

Prosody is a unity of non-segmental phenomena: а. speech melody, word stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses б. speech melody, utterance stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses в. pitch range, utterance stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses г. speech melody, utterance stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses of perception

speech melody, utterance stress, tempo, rhythm, pauses

What is the process of forming the homonyms air n. - air n.? а. shift of meaning б. split of polysemy в. conversion г. borrowing

split of polysemy

What is the process of forming the homonyms capital n. - capital n.? а. shift of meaning б. borrowing в. clipping г. split of polysemy

split of polysemy

"What's the dif," he wanted to know. The italicized word belongs to ... vocabulary. а. neutral б. non-standard в. standard г. dialectal

standard

Stress-timed rhythm means that in a tone group, а. stressed syllables follow each other at approximately equal periods of time б. rhythm is a factor in word stress в. form words are typically unstressed г. the semantic centre is marked by the nuclear stress

stressed syllables follow each other at approximately equal periods of time

There existed several types of declensions of OE noun stems: ______. а. weak declension, minor declension б. strong declension, weak declension в. strong declension, minor declension г. strong declension, weak declension, minor declension

strong declension, weak declension, minor declension

The prosodic systems are а. referred to as elements of communication б. studied by phonology в. called a verbal code г. identified with oral communication

studied by phonology

"The agent's jaw was practically touching his desk." The hyperbole used in this sentence is а. stylistic б. prolonged в. colloquial г. sustained

stylistic

Synonyms can be а. ideographic and transferred б. stylistic and ideographic в. absolute and bibliographic г. contextual and implied

stylistic and ideographic

According to their grammatical properties word phrases are divided into а. subordinate and co-ordinate б. simple and complex в. substantival, adjectival, verbal, pronominal г. cumulative word groups

subordinate and co-ordinate

Find the proper type of conversion of the words given below: round - a round, criminal - a criminal, to say - a say, to try - a try а. substantivation б. verbalization в. adjectivization г. adverbalization

substantivation

What technique was used in the following translation? She likes reading - Вона любить читати. а. explication б. modulation в. substitution г. adaptation

substitution

What morphemes are characterized by the following definition, "They are based on the correlation of different roots"? а. root morphs б. suppletive morphs в. allomorphs г. bound morphemes

suppletive morphs

The smallest units into which speech continuum is divided are а. syllables б. phonemes в. tone groups г. rhythmic units

syllables

What relationships have the terms "phraseological unit", "set phrase", "idiom" between themselves? а. polysemous б. synonymous в. antonymous г. homonymous

synonymous

Ch. Fries worked out a classification of lexico-grammatical word classes on the basis of а. semantic properties б. morphological functions в. syntactic positions г. the structural principle

syntactic positions

What type of relationships is based on the linear character of speech? а. synonymous б. derivational в. paradigmatic г. syntagmatic

syntagmatic

Old English is a(an) ______ language а. agglutinate б. analytic в. isolating г. synthetic

synthetic

According to the aspective nature of their lexical meaning verbs may be classified in accordance with а. notional and semi-notional б. transitive and intransitive в. subjective and objective г. terminative and non-terminative

terminative and non-terminative

Special bookish words comprise а. terms, barbarisms, neologisms б. terms, neologisms, jargonisms в. terms, archaisms, professionalisms г. neologisms, archaisms, dialectisms

terms, barbarisms, neologisms

The Bible of Polycarp appeared in: а. the 15th century б. the 11th century в. the 12th century г. the 14th century

the 14th century

Free interpretation dominated in European translation of secular works up to the end of: а. the 19th century б. the 17th century в. the 18th century г. the 16th century

the 18th century

The grammatical category of number does not exist in: а. the Eskimo language б. the Spanish language в. the Chinese language г. the Hungarian language

the Chinese language

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low/High Pre-head + High/Stepping Head + High Rise is called а. the Long Jump б. the High Bounce в. the High Dive г. the Low Bounce

the High Bounce

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low/High Pre-head + High/Stepping Head + High Fall is called а. the Switchback б. the Jackknife в. the Long Jump г. the High Drop

the High Drop

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the compound tunes have the following structure: а. the High Fall followed by the Low Rise б. the Stepping Head followed by the Low Fall в. the High Fall preceded by the High Head г. the Rising Head followed by the High Fall

the High Fall followed by the Low Rise

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low/High Pre-head + High/Stepping Head + Rise-Fall is called а. the Jackknife б. the High bounce в. the Long Jump г. the High Dive

the Jackknife

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low Pre-head + High Head + Low Rise is called а. the Switchback б. the Take-off в. the Low Bounce г. the High Drop

the Low Bounce

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low Pre-head + High/Stepping Head + Low Fall is called а. the Take-off б. the Low Bounce в. the Low Drop г. the Long Jump

the Low Drop

The category of gender has completely been lost in English by the end of а. the Middle English period б. the Old English period в. the Modern English period г. the New English period

the Middle English period

The adverb-type combinability is characteristic feature of а. the adjective б. the Infinitive в. the Gerund г. the Present Participle

the Present Participle

According to O'Connor and Arnold, in emphatic speech, the types of the head in the tone group are а. the Stepping Head, the High Head, the Climbing Head б. the Falling Head, the Rising Head, the Stepping Head в. the High Head, the Sliding Head, the Climbing Head г. the Stepping Head, the Sliding Head, the Climbing Head

the Stepping Head, the Sliding Head, the Climbing Head

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low/High Pre-head + Falling Head + Fall-Rise is called а. the Jackknife б. the High Bounce в. the Low Bounce г. the Switchback

the Switchback

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the tune Low/High Pre-head + Low Head + Low Rise is called а. the Low Bounce б. the Take-off в. the Terrace г. the Jackknife

the Take-off

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "Had the world been watching, it would have been startled" а. the adverbial clause of condition б. the adverbial clause of manner в. the adverbial clause of place г. the adverbial clause of time

the adverbial clause of condition

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "Should he ask for references, tell him to apply to me" а. the adverbial clause of time б. the adverbial clause of manner в. the adverbial clause of place г. the adverbial clause of condition

the adverbial clause of condition

Define the type of the clause in the sentence: "Whenever there was a pause, he gently asked again" а. the adverbial clause of time б. the adverbial clause of manner в. the adverbial clause of place г. the adverbial clause of condition

the adverbial clause of time

What is understood by "emotional charge"? а. shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality б. the social sphere in which the discourse takes place в. the attitude of the speaker to what is being spoken about г. the potential capacity of words to occur with other words

the attitude of the speaker to what is being spoken about

OE nouns possessed the following categories а. the category of number, the category of case б. the category of number, the category of gender в. the category of number, the category of gender, the category of case г. the category of number, the category of gender, the category of mood

the category of number, the category of gender, the category of case

The category of mood expresses а. a situation which results from the completion of an earlier event or state б. the character of connection between the process denoted by the verb and the actual reality в. an event as being in progress г. the character of connection between the process denoted by the verb and the actual reality

the character of connection between the process denoted by the verb and the actual reality

General lexicology studies а. the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development б. the description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of a given tongue в. the history of the vocabulary of the language showing its change and development in the course of time г. the characteristics of the word in the vocabulary of every language

the characteristics of the word in the vocabulary of every language

The stress pattern of a word is а. one prominent syllable б. two prominent syllables в. the correlation of syllables in a word г. the correlation of degrees of prominence in a word

the correlation of degrees of prominence in a word

Special lexicology studies а. the history of the vocabulary of the language showing its change and development in the course of time б. the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development в. the description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of a given tongue г. characteristic features of words in the vocabulary of every language

the description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of a given tongue

By a semantic loan is meant а. a word or a phrase formed from the material available in the given language but after a foreign pattern by means of literal, morpheme-for-morpheme translation of every component б. the development in an English word of a new meaning under the influence of a correlated unit in some other language в. two or more words of the same language which came by different routes from one and the same basic original word г. a word which occur in several languages as a result of borrowing from the same ultimate source

the development in an English word of a new meaning under the influence of a correlated unit in some other language

The denotative component of the lexical meaning is а. a minimal distinctive unit б. the material meaning of a word which is directly connected with the object or concept the given word expresses в. the component of a word-meaning which is recurrent in the identical sets of grammatical forms of different words г. the lexical nucleus of a word which is connected with the referent and notion the given word denotes

the lexical nucleus of a word which is connected with the referent and notion the given word denotes

The gerund is characterized by а. the noun-type combinability б. the adjective-type combinability в. the adverb-type combinability г. tense inflexions

the noun-type combinability

In a tone group, non-initial rhythmic units begin with а. a notional word б. enclitics в. the nucleus г. a stressed syllable

the nucleus

Transliteration conveys: а. the sounding form of the source language unit б. the orthographic form of the source language unit в. neither the orthographic nor the sounding form of the source language unit г. both the orthographic and the sounding form of the source language unit

the orthographic form of the source language unit

According to the relative sonority theory of syllable formation, а. a syllable is pronounced in one chest pulse б. the peak of the syllable is the sound with the greatest degree of sonority в. the syllable is the combination of a sonant and vowel г. fricatives are less sonorous than stops

the peak of the syllable is the sound with the greatest degree of sonority

Phonetics deals with а. the phenomena of oral speech б. systems of oral/written symbols в. the units of language г. distinctive features of phonemes and morphemes

the phenomena of oral speech

Fundamental frequency determines а. the vibration of the vocal folds б. the pitch of voice в. the time of vibration г. the amplitude of vibration

the pitch of voice

Vowels are classified as rounded/unrounded according to а. length б. vertical movement of the tongue в. the position of lips г. the degree of muscular tension

the position of lips

One of the articulatory principles of classification of speech sounds is а. tone with an admixture of noise б. non-periodic vibrations в. periodic vibrations г. the presence/absence of obstruction

the presence/absence of obstruction

Late stress in compound words/phrases is а. the primary stress on the first element б. the secondary stress on the final element в. the primary stress on the final element г. the secondary stress on the first element

the primary stress on the final element

Case is the form of the noun indicating а. the agent of the action б. the number в. the relation of the noun to other words in a sentence г. the subject of the action

the relation of the noun to other words in a sentence

Predicativity is а. the relation of the thought expressed in the sentence to the situation of speech б. the relation between the subject and the predicate в. the connection between the named objects and reality г. the attitude of the speaker to what is being spoken about

the relation of the thought expressed in the sentence to the situation of speech

In the production of consonants, а. the force of air stream is weak б. the removal of obstruction causes noise в. muscular tension is spread evenly throughout the speech organs г. there is no obstruction

the removal of obstruction causes noise

153. Conversion consists in а. removing seeming or real suffixes from a word to coin a new word б. the shift between parts of speech в. combining two or more base morphemes or words to form a new word г. deriving new words by means of adding a prefix or a suffix to the base morpheme

the shift between parts of speech

Phonology studies а. the distribution and grouping of phonemes in syllables б. the perceptible properties of speech в. the acoustic properties of speech г. the sound system of language and the system of prosodic features

the sound system of language and the system of prosodic features

The basic elements of the phonetic structure of the word are а. the morpheme, the syllabic structure, a definite stress pattern б. the sounds, the syllabic structure, a definite stress pattern в. the sounds, the syllabic structure, a definite word pattern г. the sounds, the word structure, a definite stress pattern

the sounds, the syllabic structure, a definite stress pattern

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the nucleus of the tone group is а. the stressed syllable in the last accented word б. is always preceded by a pre-head and head в. the terminal tone г. the stressed and unstressed syllables in the last accented word

the stressed syllable in the last accented word

The category of voice expresses the relation between а. the subject and the agent б. the subject and the action в. the person and the object г. the agent and the object

the subject and the action

In the sentence "Who can do it is unknown" a subject is expressed by а. the word combination "is unknown" б. the conjunctive pronoun "who" в. the subject clause г. the object clause

the subject clause

What is understood by "meaning" in terms of the functional approach? а. a certain reflection in our mind of objects or relations that are connected with their sound-form б. a certain reflection in our mind of objects or relations that exist in reality в. the sum total of what the word contributes to different contexts in which the word may appear г. a unity of form and concept

the sum total of what the word contributes to different contexts in which the word may appear

According to the muscular tension theory of syllable formation, а. the syllable is an ark of muscular tension б. muscular tension is a more important factor than the sonority of sounds в. vowels are more important than consonants г. vowels are always surrounded by consonants

the syllable is an ark of muscular tension

The category of aspect is concerned with а. the character of connection between the process denoted by the verb and the actual reality б. the temporal aspects of an event or situation, such as whether it is 'in progress' and whether or not it has been completed в. the reference of the verb to the moment of its immediate perception г. the object of the action

the temporal aspects of an event or situation, such as whether it is 'in progress' and whether or not it has been completed

What theory claims that the case depends upon the position of the noun in the sentence? а. the theory of positional cases б. the theory of prepositional cases в. the postpositional theory г. the possessive postpositional theory

the theory of positional cases

The Present Participle combines the properties of а. the verb and the noun б. the verb and the adjective в. the verb, the adjective, and the adverb г. the verb and the adverb

the verb, the adjective, and the adverb

The Infinitive is characterized by а. the verb-type combinability б. the adjective-type combinability в. the adverb-type combinability г. tense inflexions

the verb-type combinability

Descriptive lexicology studies а. the description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of a given tongue б. the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development в. the history of the vocabulary of the language showing its change and development in the course of time г. the vocabulary of a given language according to the sphere of communication

the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development

Historical lexicology is concerned with а. the description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of a given tongue б. the vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development в. the vocabulary of the language showing its change and development in the course of time г. the vocabulary of a given language according to the sphere of communication

the vocabulary of the language showing its change and development in the course of time

Utterances are divided into tone groups according to а. their proclitics and enclitics б. the meaning of stressed but unaccented words в. stressed and accented words г. their grammatical structure and meaning

their grammatical structure and meaning

Personal pronouns of the first and second persons were the only words in OE, which distinguished _____ numbers. а. one б. two в. three г. none

three

The history of the English language is usually divided into ______ main periods. а. 3 б. 2 в. 4 г. 5

three(Old,Middle,Modern)

Point out the phraseological units that are considered to be synonymous а. by little and little, on the spot, to begin at the wrong end б. to take the bull by the horns, in all respects, at one jump в. through thick and thin, by hook or by crook, for love or money г. horn of plenty, Augean stables, Trojan horse, vanity of vanities

through thick and thin, by hook or by crook, for love or money

Archaisms may be used а. to avoid tautology б. to show that the speaker is attached to usage of unusual words в. to produce humorous effect г. to create the historic atmosphere

to create the historic atmosphere

Euphemisms are used а. to substitute a harsh word with a more socially acceptable one б. to show that the character tries to speak offensively в. for exaggeration г. to substitute a harsh word with an offensive one

to substitute a harsh word with a more socially acceptable one

The aim of Structural Grammar is а. to provide a formal device needed for the theoretical description of an utterance б. to find out the mechanism which accounts for the generation of the variety of sentences of a language в. to treat the problems of the language structure г. to treat the part-of-speech problem

to treat the problems of the language structure

Sonants are а. tone with an admixture of noise б. pure noises в. based on noise г. pure tone

tone with an admixture of noise

Names of gulfs are: а. translated б. transcribed в. transliterated г. described

translated

Traditionally names of kings are: а. translated б. transcribed в. transliterated г. contextually interpreted

translated

What kind of translation was used in the following example? He was driving a vehicle - Він їхав машиною а. translation by a hyponym б. translation by a superordinate в. translation by a more neutral word г. translation by cultural substitution

translation by a hyponym

Translation by a superordinate implies: а. translation by a more general word б. translation by a more specific word в. translation by a more neutral word г. translation by a more expressive word

translation by a more general word

By generalization we mean: а. translation by a hyponym б. translation by a superordinate в. explanation г. paraphrase

translation by a superordinate

Economical terms can be translated with the help of: а. analogy. б. an image loan в. rehash; г. transliteration

transliteration

Oblique techniques include: а. loan б. transposition в. borrowing г. transliteration

transposition

What technique was used in the following translation? handknitted - в'язати вручну а. substitution б. explication в. transposition г. adaptation

transposition

Which of the following asyndetic noun clusters needs special knowledge to be translated correctly: а. turkey carpet б. oil field air survey в. county council . policy change

turkey carpet

In ME we find only ____ cases in nouns а. five б. three в. four г. two

two

OE verbs distinguished _____ tense(s) а. four б. one в. three г. two

two

The ME personal pronouns distinguished only _____ cases а. three б. two в. four г. five

two

An elliptical sentence is а. expanded б. two-member в. one-member г. unexpanded

two-member one?

Abstract nouns have much in common with а. uncountable nouns б. countable nouns в. concrete nouns г. proper names

uncountable nouns

Contextual interpretation is used to translate а. units of nationally biased lexicon б. internationalisms в. proper names г. phraseological units

units of nationally biased lexicon (realia)

In an English syllable, there may be а. up to three consonants before and up to four consonants after a vowel б. up to four consonants before and after a vowel в. up to three consonants before and after a vowel г. up to four consonants before and up to three consonants after a vowel

up to three consonants before and up to four consonants after a vowel

The special prominence given to particular words in an utterance according to their relative importance to the speaker is called а. utterance stress б. word stress в. variations in pitch г. intensity

utterance stress

The units of speech are а. utterance, sentence, intonation group, rhythmic unit, syllable, sound, articulatory feature б. utterance, intonation group, rhythmic unit, syllable, phoneme, articulatory feature в. utterance, intonation group, rhythmic unit, syllable, sound, articulatory feature г. utterance, intonation group, rhythmic unit, syllable, sound, distinctive feature

utterance, intonation group, rhythmic unit, syllable, sound, articulatory feature

What is the process of forming the synonyms Co. - Inc.? а. conversion б. shift of meaning в. borrowing г. variants of English

variants of English

What is the process of forming the synonyms long-distance call - trunk call? а. conversion б. shift of meaning в. borrowing г. variants of English

variants of English

What is the process of forming the synonyms to die - to be no more, to fall asleep? а. variants of English б. shift of meaning в. borrowing г. conversion

variants of English

What is the process of forming the synonyms to die - to pass away, to kick the bucket? а. conversion б. shift of meaning в. borrowing г. variants of English

variants of English

Allophones are а. variants of phonemes б. bundles of phonetic distinctive features в. bundles of relevant features г. variants of redundant features

variants of phonemes

OE sculan or willan + Infinitive are ______. а. analytical forms of the future forms б. modal words в. verbal phrases г. synthetic forms of the future forms

verbal phrases

The suppletive way of form-building was inherited from ancient Indo-European and restricted to ______. а. adverbs б. nouns в. verbs г. articles

verbs

Lenis consonants are а. voiceless consonants б. voiced consonants в. nasal consonants г. sonants

voiced consonants

Fortis consonants are а. voiceless consonants б. voiced consonants в. nasal consonants г. sonants

voiceless consonants

In ME the weakening and loss of inflections resulted in the ______ of agreement and government. а. weakening and loss б. strengthening в. acquiring г. improving

weakening and loss

In English, very often lexical items are created by zero derivation, i.e. а. they realise different functions in the sentence б. with the use of the suffix в. they occupy any position in the sentence г. without any alteration being made to the shape of the input base

without any alteration being made to the shape of the input base

According to O'Connor and Arnold, the Take-off tune sounds а. disapproving б. wondering в. flat г. unsympathetic

wondering

John Wycklif translated the Bible from Latin into English with the help of: а. sense-to sense translation б. word-for-word translation в. free interpretation г. faithful literary artistic translation

word-for-word translation

What term best fits this description "blocks from which sentences are made"? а. phonemes б. morphemes в. allomorphs г. words

words

Which of the definitions corresponds to the notion of "synonyms"? а. words that partially coincide in their sound-form but are different in meaning б. words that are identical in sound-form but different in meaning в. words belonging to the same part of speech, that are different in sound-form but identical or similar in meaning г. words that are characterized by their idiomaticity

words belonging to the same part of speech, that are different in sound-form but identical or similar in meaning

Compounding is the type of word-formation where а. words consist of at least two stems which occur in the language as free forms б. new words are formed without adding any word-building elements в. new words are formed by adding affixes to different stems г. verbs are formed from nouns by shifting the stem

words consist of at least two stems which occur in the language as free forms

Word-composition is the type of word-formation where а. words consist of at least two stems which occur in the language as free forms б. new words are formed without adding any word-building elements в. new words are formed by adding affixes to different stems г. words are formed by joining two clipped stems

words consist of at least two stems which occur in the language as free forms

General bookish words are chiefly used in а. writing and colloquial language б. writing and polished speech в. polished speech and colloquial language г. writing and oral speech

writing and polished speech

"But three hours and four hundred dollars later, she was no better off." The sentence contains а. zeugma б. hyperbole в. metonymy г. personification

zeugma

Epiphora can be presented by the following pattern а. a...a, b...b б. a...b, b...a в. ...a, ...a, ...a г. a ...a

а. ...a, ...a, ...a

Which line accounts for the homographs? а. bass - bass, desert - desert, buffet - buffet б. pole - poll, scent - sent, plain - plane в. cot - cot, game - game, match - match г. throne-thrown, saw-sore, bear-bare

а. bass - bass, desert - desert, buffet - buffet