Matter Unit Test

Classification: element v.s. compound

Elements cannot be further broken down, while compounds can

Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container? solid, liquid, gas, both liquid and gas

liquid

An example of an extensive property of matter is _______.

mass.

Classification: substance v.s. mixture

substances are chemically combined, while mixtures are physically blended

Element

substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances by chemical means

Distillation

1. a process in which a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is condensed again into a liquid 2. separation by different boiling points -liquid in liquid or solid dissolved in liquid -homogeneous mixture

Physical changes

Changes in the matter caused by a particular action doesn't change the composition of the substance ex. changes of state, temperature, volume, dimensions, loss of mass

Classification: heterogeneous v.s. homogeneous

Homogeneous mixtures, also known as solutions, are uniform throughout. Heterogeneous mixtures are not (different parts of mixture can be seen).

Chemical changes

Reactions result in the formation of new substances ex. combustion, corrosion, decomposition

Separatory Funnel

Separation by different densities -liquid in liquid -heterogeneous mixtures

Mixture

a physical blend of two or more components

Product

a substance formed in a chemical reaction

Which of the following is a chemical property? color, hardness, freezing point, ability to react with oxygen

ability to react with oxygen

All of the following are physical properties of matter except _____. mass, color, melting point, ability to rust

ability to rust

Which of the following cannot be classified as a substance? table salt, air, nitrogen, gold

air

Mass

amount of matter an object contains

Intensive property

are independent of the amount of the substance that is present ex. density, boiling point, color

Physical property

can be observed and measured without changing a substance into another substance ex. boiling point, density, mass, volume

Chemical property

can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance (reaction). It is the capacity of a substance to undergo a specific reaction ex. flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity with acid

Compound

composed of two or more substances chemically combined in a fixed proportion

A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it _______.

contains more matter.

A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood _______. is split, painted, cut, or decays

decays

Which of the following does not involve a physical change? mixing, melting, grinding, decomposing

decomposing

Extensive property

depend upon amount of the substance present ex. mass, volume, energy

Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container? solid, liquid, gas, both liquid and gas

gas

Vapor

gaseous state if substance that is a liquid or a solid at room temperature

Which of the following is not an example of matter? air, heat, smoke, water vapor

heat

All of the following are physical properties of a substance in the liquid state except ______. indefinite volume, definite mass, not easily compressed, indefinite shape

indefinite volume

Heterogeneous mixture

not uniform in composition

Phase

part of a sample having uniform composition and properties

Chemical reaction

process in which substances are changed into different substances

Which of the following items is not a compound? baking soda, salad dressing, sucrose, table salt

salad dressing

Chromotography

separation by different chemical attraction to a stationary solid phase and a mobile liquid or gas phase -liquid in liquid, gas in gas or liquid, and solids dissolved in liquid

Filitration

separation by particle size -liquid and solid -heterogeneous mixtures

Inspection/sorting

separation by physical differences -solid in solid -heterogeneous mixtures

Which of the following materials is a substance? air, gasoline, stainless steel, silver

silver

Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture? air, salt water, steel, soil

soil

Which state of matter is characterized by having a definite shape and a definite volume? solid, liquid, gas or all of the above

solid