MB chapter 12

how does an increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases increase global temperatures?

By preventing some of the heat from escaping the planet's surface

Which is the dominant greenhouse gas leading to global warming?

CO2

the echinoderms are most closely related to the

Chordates

what are the main causes of biodiversity loss?

Habitat destruction, overharvesting, invasive species, pollution, and climate change

Where would a coral reef most likely be found?

In the oceanic photic zone

The use of multiple forms of pest control including biological, chemical, and the planting of pest-resistant crops is a strategy commonly called ________.

Integrated Pest Management

Why is an estuary considered an intermediate biome?

It is the transition zone between freshwater and saltwater biomes.

Abiotic factors are

Non-living things

which statement explains the general upwards trend of the data over the two-year time period?

Precipitation exceeded evaporation

Human birth rate peaked in the 1980s and has been slowly declining ever since. How is this expected to affect our population size over the next several decades?

The human population size will continue to increase, but not as fast as before.

How might the removal of a wetland affect a nearby city?

Wetlands reduce flooding.

Environmentalism is

a philosophical and social movement concerned with preserving the environment

All of the following are abiotic factors within an ecosystem except ______

all of the above

Although freshwater biomes cover less than 1% of the Earth's surface, they are important because ________.

all of the above

Which of the following is not an example of goods and services provided by the environment?

all of the above

the processes of chemical cycling would be studied mainly by

an ecosystem ecologist

which of the following is not an example of an abiotic factor?

bacteria

what is the term used to describe relatively small areas with unusually high concentrations of species found there and nowhere else, including many species in high risk of extinction? these areas receive the focus of global conservation efforts.

biodiversity hot spot

Using sunflower plants to naturally remove heavy toxins from contaminated soil is an example of ________.

bioremediation

what can a human population's age pyramid tell you about current and future needs?

both of these

the distribution of terrestrial biomes on Earth depends mostly on

both temperature and rainfall

of the biomes listed, which is best adapted to seasonal fires?

chaparral

Which theorem states that no two species competing for the exact same resources can coexist?

competitive exclusion principle

A wolf eats a rabbit that eats grass. The wolf is a(n) ________.

consumer

An age pyramid with a broad base that quickly slopes up to a narrow top would be indicative of ________.

developing nation

what is the name of the model of maximum rate of population growth?

exponential

ecology and environmentalism are the same scientific discipline

false

At what level is biodiversity often studied and measured?

-All -The diversity of species in an community -The diversity of ecosystems on the planet -The diversity of genes in a population

how many of the animal phyla include single-celled animals?

0

which month was the wettest?

15

Imagine you were the manager of a national park with cheetahs. The cheetahs feed primarily

200 acres

what is the difference between a community and an ecosystem?

A community includes interacting populations without their surrounding environment, while an ecosystem includes the surrounding environment.

Identify the biotic factor of an ecosystem among the following options.

Amount of moss available to the consumers

all living things need carbon. how does carbon enter the living portion of an ecosystem?

Atmospheric CO2 taken in by photosynthesis

A sudden natural catastrophe resulting in massive die-offs would be categorized as a density- ________ limiting factor.

independent

the asian kudzu bug (megacopta cribaria) arrived in Atlanta in 2009 and is quickly spreading across the south. In addition to eating kudzu, it also eats soybeans and can decimate entire crops. The kudzu bug is a type of ____ species

invasive

what type of species, if removed from the community, could lead to the collapse of the entire community?

keystone species

an ecosystem is a collection of all the ______ in a given area

living and nonliving things

Which growth model would you expect to see in a stable population?

logistic

The tendency of toxins to accumulate in top predators is called biological ________.

magnification

there have been several mass extinctions in the planet's history, such as the extinction of the dinosaurs, but the current mass extinction is different. greater numbers of species are now going extinct faster than ever before. also unique to the current mass extinction is the cause. what is causing the current mass extinction?

man direct activities

a community in ecology is defined as

organisms from multiple species interacting in the same place

There are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of a rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhino's ears. Answer the following question regarding these creatures' relationships. The tick-rhino relationship is an example of

parasitism

the bird-tick relationship is an example of

predator and prey

the buildup of soil on bare rock by the decomposition of early colonizers is characteristic of ______ succession

primary

A wolf eats a rabbit that eats grass. The grass is a ______

producer

Phytoplankton is an example of a(n)

producer

all ecosystems need energy. what is the originating source for most of the energy that powers ecosystems on this planet?

solar energy

species diversity is highest when

species richness is high and relative abundance is evenly distributed

the responsibile management (use and conservation) of earth's resources indefinitely is called

sustainable development

Ecology is best defined as the study of

the interactions between living organisms and their environments

Terrestrial biomes are defined in a large part by

the plants that live there

a dispersion pattern refers to

the spacing of organism throughout a habitat

what is the most likely expectation during the third year?

the water will overflow the bucket or nearly so

aquatic biomes are defined primarily bu

their salinity

what category describes a species that, while not presently at risk of extinction, could likely be at risk of extinction in the near future?

threatened species