MCCC PSY 101 FINAL EXAM WINTER 2020

What is the process by which non-human newborn animals come to recognize the first moving object they see as their primary caregiver?

Imprinting

______ research compares people of different ages at the same point in time

Cross-sectional

School age social interactions help children attain the following aspects. (Select all that apply)

Develop the capacity to respond to situations appropriately Learn physical and emotional control Interpret the meaning of others' behaviors

__________adulthood is the period beginning in the late teenage years and extending into the mid-20s, individuals are no longer adolescents nor adults during this stage of development

Emerging

______ suggest that human cells have a(n) build-in time limit to their reproduction and that after a certain time they are no longer able to divide

Genetic programming theories of aging

What do developmental psychologists study?

Growth and change throughout life

Which subfield of psychology includes both psychological factors and physical diseases?

Health

Each theoretical perspective has a position somewhere on the "nature vs. nurture" debate. Which of the following perspectives would likely emphasize nurture more than nature?

Humanistic Behavioral

Determinism is the idea that behavior is a reflection of

factors beyond the control of the individual

Who established the first laboratory in Leipzig, Germany devoted to psychological research?

Wilhelm Wundt

The positive emotional bond that develops between a child and a particular individual is called

attachment

The idea that individuals make choices to display abnormal behavior is called

free will

The percentage of U.S. households made up of unmarried couples has ______ dramatically over the last two decades

increased

Engaging in a ______ can help older people come to a better understanding of themselves and sometimes resolve lingering problems and conflicts

life review

Unlike counseling psychologists, clinical psychologists help people who are

suffering from serious psychological disorders

In addition to being wives and mothers, about 75% of married mothers of school-age children today are often also

wage earners

What theory of aging suggests that human cells have a time limit to their reproduction and after a certain time, they can no longer divide?

Genetic preprogramming theory

Unlike clinical psychologists, counseling psychologists help people who are

having difficulty adjusting to new circumstances

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and_____processes

mental

Clinical_______is the branch of psychology that unites the areas of neuroscience and clinical psychology

neuropsychology

Experimental psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the processes of _____ about the world. Select all that apply.

sensing learning perceiving thinking

The cognitive stage of development consists of

sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage and formal operational stage

What is the most important form of social development that occurs during infancy?

Attachment

_______parents are rigid and punitive and would most likely say something like "I want to see you and not hear you; or do as I say not as I do"

Authoritarian

__________parents give their child firm limits, however, try to explain and and set clear goals. Independence is the core of this parenting style

Authoritative

_________ __________considers how our brain and nervous system, and other biological aspects of the body, influence our behavior

Behavioral neuroscience

__________are rod-shaped structures that contain all basic hereditary information

Chromosomes

What is the area of psychology that focuses on the origin of psychological disorders in biological factors?

Clinical neuropsychology

Which perspective in psychology takes the view of both nature and nurture?

Cognitive

From the following, select the five perspectives in psychology that are most practiced today

Cognitive Psychodynamic Neuroscience Humanistic Behavioral

What type of development is characterized by improved capacity to process information and understand the world due to advancing age and experience?

Cognitive development

Which subfield of psychology focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems?

Counseling

_______psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world

Experimental

True or false: Functionalism focuses on the mind's structure

False

Somebody who says "I can make my own destiny," is endorsing what psychological concept?

Free will

_______stage is when social interactions or academic skills, characterizes psychosocial development

Industry-versus-inferiority

Which of Erikson's stages occurs in early adulthood and consists of focusing on developing close relationships?

Intimacy-versus-isolation

What is the term for the process by which people examine and evaluate their lives?

Life review

Which statement most accurately reflects the changing gender roles in the home over the past several decades?

More women are working outside the home while raising children

_________parents provide a relaxed or inconsistent direction to their children

Permissive

_________stage is the use of language in children 2 to 7 years of age

Preoperational

___________development involves changes in our interactions as well as our understanding of one another in society

Psychosocial

______ focused on uncovering the fundamental mental components of mental states and activities, ______ focused on the purpose of mental activity and the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments

Structuralism, functionalism

_________parents show little interest in their children

Uninvolved

Functionalism concentrates on what the mind does and how ______ functions

behavior

The ______ perspective in psychology focuses on observable behavior rather than inner unconscious forces

behavioral

The idea that behavior is mostly the result of factors outside of a person's willful control is known as

determinism

The notion that individuals are the victims of forces beyond their control is the concept of

determinism

The ______ perspective in psychology considers how the body's functioning affects hopes and fears

neuroscience

Erik Erikson's third stage of development is when children have a desire to act independently and if parents react positively to children's independence children will accomplish

initiative

Like structuralism, functionalism focuses on

mental processes

A newborn is called a

neonate

________parents provide a relaxed or inconsistent direction to their children

permissive

When children are able to describe events, and feelings, or use symbols in play, and pretending, they are exhibiting ______ stage of development

preoperational

Autonomy-versus shame-and-doubt is the second stage of Erik Erikson's stages of development and the infant develops feelings of unhappiness if they are overly restricted and

protected

An automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus is a

reflex

In the early 40s, people enter a period called midlife______

transition

During this stage of development individuals have not completely taken on the responsibilities of adulthood

Emerging adulthood

Some theorists believe children cannot understand certain ideas and concepts until they reach a certain level of________development

cognitive

______psychology focuses on higher mental processes, including thinking, memory, reasoning, problems solving, decision making, and language

cognitive

Unlike structuralism, functionalism focuses on

why behavior occurs

The single cell that results from an egg being fertilized by a sperm is a(n)

zygote