MED SURG WORKBOOK CH 22, 23

What is the most common diagnostic test used to determine a causative agent of skin infections? a. Culture b. Tzanck test c. Immunofluorescent studies d. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) slides

A

A home health nurse is visiting an older obese woman who has recently had hip surgery. She tells the patient's caregiver that the patient has intertrigo. When the caregiver asks what that is, the nurse should tell the caregiver that it is a. thickening of the skin. b. dermatitis in the folds of her skin. c. loss of color in diffuse areas of her skin. d. a firm plaque caused by fluid in the dermis.

B

A patient has a plaque lesion on the dorsal forearm. Which type of biopsy is most likely to be used for diagnosis of the lesion? a. Punch biopsy b. Shave biopsy c. Incisional biopsy d. Excisional biopsy

B

An active athletic person calls the clinic and describes her feet as having linear breaks through the skin. What is the most likely diagnosis of this problem? a. Scales b. Fissure c. Pustule d. Comedo

B

The nurse observes that redness remains after palpation of a discolored lesion on the patient's leg. This finding is characteristic of a. varicosities. b. intradermal bleeding. c. dilated blood vessels. d. erythematous lesions.

B

The patient asks the nurse what telangiectasia looks like. Which is the best description for the nurse to give the patient? a. A circumscribed, flat discoloration b. Small, superficial, dilated blood vessels c. Benign tumor of blood or lymph vessels d. Tiny purple spots resulting from tiny hemorrhages

B

When the nurse is assessing the skin of an older adult, which factor is likely to contribute to dry skin? a. Increased bruising b. Excess perspiration c. Decreased extracellular fluid d. Decreased peripheral blood supply

C

What is the primary difference between an excoriation and an ulcer? a. Ulcers do not penetrate below the epidermal junction. b. Excoriations involve only thinning of the epidermis and dermis. c. Excoriations will form crusts or scabs whereas ulcers remain open. d. An excoriation heals without scarring because the dermis is not involved.

D

When obtaining important health information from a patient during assessment of the skin, it is important for the nurse to ask about a. a history of freckles as a child. b. patterns of weight gain and loss. c. communicable childhood illnesses. d. skin problems related to the use of medications.

D

When performing a physical assessment of the skin, what should the nurse do first? a. Palpate the temperature of the skin with the fingertips. b. Assess the degree of turgor by pinching the skin on the forearm. c. Inspect specific lesions before performing a general examination of the skin. d. Ask the patient to undress completely so all areas of the skin can be inspected.

D

A nurse caring for a disheveled patient with poor hygiene observes that the patient that small red lesions flush with the skin on the head and body. The patient complains of severe itching at the sites. For what should the nurse further assess the patient? A. Nits on the shaft of his head hair B. A history of sexually transmitted diseases. C. The presence of ticks attached to the scalp D. The presence of burrows in the interdigital webs

a

To prevent lichenification related to chronic skin problems, what does the nurse encourage the patient to do? A. Use measures to control itching. B. Wear sterile gloves when touching the lesions. C. Use careful hand washing and safe disposal of soiled dressings. D. Use topical antibiotics with wet-to-dry dressings over the lesions.

a

What are the most appropriate dressings to use to promote comfort for a patient with inflamed, pruritic dermatitis? A. Cool tap water dressings B. Cool acetic acid dressings C. Warm sterile saline dressings D. Warm potassium permanganate dressings

a

What is a skin graft that is used to transfer skin and subcutaneous tissue to large areas of deep tissue destruction called? A. Skin flap B. Free graft C. Soft tissue extension D. Free graft with vascular anastomoses

a

What skin condition has keratotic and firm lesions, is a precursor of squamous cell carcinoma, and is treated with topical fluorouracil (5-FU)? a. Actinic keratosis B. Basal cell carcinoma C. Malignant melanoma D. Squamous cell carcinoma

a

the pt is visiting a free clinic to refill her meds. during the generalized assessment, the nurse documents alopecia, increased heart rate, warm, moist, flushed skin, and thin nails. the pt also says she is anxious and had lost weight lately. which systemic problem will the nurse suspect and relate to the health care provider? a.hyperthyroidism b.systemic lupus erythematosus c.vitamin b1 deficiency d.human immunodeficiency infection (hiv)

a

The patient has diabetes mellitus and COPD that has been treated with high-dose corticosteroids for the past several years. Which dermatologic manifestations could be related to these systemic problems (select all that apply)? A. Acne B. Increased sweating C. Dry, coarse, brittle hair D. Impaired wound healing E. Erythematous plaques of the shins F. Decreased subcutaneous fat over extremities

a, d, e, f

A female patient with chronic skin lesions of the face and arms tells the nurse that she cannot stand to look at herself in the mirror anymore because of her appearance. Based on this information, the nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis. A. Anxiety related to personal appearance B. Disturbed body image related to perception of unsightly lesions C. Social isolation related to decreased activities a s a result of poor self-image D. Ineffective self-health management related to lack of knowledge of cover-up techniques

b

What is an appropriate intervention to promote debridement and removal of scales and crusts of skin lesions? A. Warm oatmeal baths B. Warm saline dressings C. Cool sodium bicarbonate baths D. Cool magnesium sulfate dressings

b

What is the most common skin cancer and causes pearly borders? A. Actinic keratosis B. Basal cell carcinoma C. Malignant melanoma D. Squamous cell carcinoma

b

What should the nurse include in the instructions for a patient with urticarial? A. Apply topical benzene hexachloride. B. Avoid contact with the causative agent. C. Gradually expose the area to increasing amounts of sunlight D. Use over-the-counter antihistamines routinely to prevent the condition.

b

Which description characterizes seborrheic keratosis? A. White patchy yeast infection B. Warty, irregular papules or plaques C. Excessive turnover of epithelial cells D. Deep inflammation of subcutaneous tissue

b

The nurse plans care for a patient with a newly diagnosed malignant melanoma based on the knowledge that initial treatment may involve (select all that apply) A. Shave biopsy B. Moh's surgery C. Surgical excision D. Localized radiation E. Fluorouracil (5-FU)F. Topical nitrogen mustard

b, c

A patient with contact dermatitis is treated with calamine lotion. What is the rationale for using this base for a topical preparation. A. A suspension of oil and water to lubricate and prevent drying B. An emulsion of oil and water used for lubrication and protection C. Insoluble powders suspended in water that leave a residual powder on the skin D. A mixture of a powder and ointment that causes drying when moisture is absorbed.

c

Which skin conditions are more common in immunosuppressed patients (select all that apply)? A. Acne B. Lentigo C. Candidiasis D. Herpes Zoster E. Herpes simplex 1 F. Kaposi sarcoma

c, e, f

A patient with psoriasis is being treated with psoralen plus UVA light phototherapy. During the course of therapy, for what duration should the nurse teach the patient to wear protective eyewear that blocks all UV rays? A. Continuously for 6 hours after taking the medication B. Until the pupils are able to constrict on exposure to light C. For 12 hours following treatment to prevent retinal damage D. For 24 hours following treatment when outdoors or when indoors near a bright window

d

What characteristic is commonly seen with dysplastic nevus syndrome? A. Associated with sun exposure B. Precursor of squamous cell carcinoma C. Slow-growing tumor with rare metastasis D. Lesion has irregular color and asymmetric shape

d

What is the name for papillomavirus infection seen on the skin? A. Furuncle B. Carbuncle C. Erysipelas D. Plantar wart

d

Which skin condition would be treated with laser surgery? A. Preauricular lesion B. Redundant soft tissue conditions C. Obesity with subcutaneous fat accumulation D. Fine wrinkle reduction or facial lesion removal

d