MEDA 122 Chapter 33

Children who do not grow and gain weight normally and subsequently do not develop normally may fall into a category known as: A. failure to thrive B. failure to launch C. failure to grow D. failure to develop

A. failure to thrive

Which of the following medical terms means "birth"? A. gen/o B. nat/o C. neo- D. ped/o

B. nat/o

Treatment to improve scoliosis may involve all of the following EXCEPT: A. medication B. application of a brace C. electrical muscle stimulation D. surgery

A. medication

All of the following are possible signs of dehydration EXCEPT: A. rash B. tearless crying C. lethargy D. decreased number of wet diapers

A. rash

The physician is examining an 18-month-old boy with a severe cough, fever of 103.6°F, and dyspnea. The worried mother, who smells of cigarette smoke, states that she thinks he "caught something at daycare." Based on this information, the medical assistant is most concerned the boy may have: A. respiratory syncytial virus B. common cold C. croup D. otitis media

A. respiratory syncytial virus

The Apgar scoring system is used to evaluate all of the following EXCEPT: A. strength of baby's cry B. muscle tone C. color D. respirations

A. strength of baby's cry

All of the following relate to oral thrush EXCEPT: A. virus B. Candida albicans C. white lesions D. antibiotics

A. virus

Which of the following statements is most appropriate when the medical assistant is teaching a group of parents about the common cold? A. "Fortunately, most children are so healthy that they catch fewer colds than adults." B. "More than 200 cold viruses have been identified." C. "Symptoms generally appear 7 to 10 days after exposure." D. "Children will recover more quickly if they are given antibiotics."

B. "More than 200 cold viruses have been identified."

An infant is defined as a person of what age? A. 1 to 12 years B. 1 month to 1 year C. newborn to 6 months D. 12 to 18 months

B. 1 month to 1 year

All of the following are related to croup EXCEPT: A. virus B. laryngeal edema C. harsh cough D. diarrhea

D. diarrhea

All of the following behaviors is most common with bulimia nervosa EXCEPT: A. prolonged, excessive exercise B. binge eating C. self-imposed starvation D. false belief that patient is too old

D. false belief that patient is too old

All of the following are related to autism EXCEPT: A. unknown cause B. repetitive behaviors C. impaired communication D. good social skills

D. good social skills

The most common cause of failure to thrive is: A. cerebral palsy B. phenylketonuria C. prematurity D. inadequate nutrition

D. inadequate nutrition

All of the following factors commonly help relieve constipation EXCEPT: A. increased dietary fiber B. increased fluid intake C. increased intake of fruit and juice D. increased starch intake

D. increased starch intake

The Denver Developmental Screening Tool measures all of the following EXCEPT: A. gross motor skills B. language C. fine motor skills D. problem-solving ability

D. problem-solving ability

An adolescent is defined as a person of what age? A. 8 to 16 years B. 16 to 20 years C. 12 to 18 years D. 18 to 20 years

C. 12 to 18 years

All of the following behaviors are common in individuals with attention deficit disorder EXCEPT: A. difficulty sleeping B. easily distracted C. forgetful D. disorganized

A. difficulty sleeping

Which of the following factors increases an individual's risk of having eczema? A. having asthma B. being Caucasian C. prematurity D. mothers over age 35

A. having asthma

Which of the following medical terms means "young"? A. juven/o B. neo- C. gen/o D. immune/o

A. juven/o

Causes of cerebral palsy include all of the following EXCEPT: A. malnutrition B. infection during pregnancy C. Rh incompatibility D. brain injury at or after birth

A. malnutrition

Which of the following statements is appropriate when the medical assistant is teaching parents about warts? A. "Warts occur most commonly on the hands or fingers." B. "Most children develop common warts." C. "Warts are caused by the varicella-zoster virus." D. "Warts are usually tender."

A. "Warts occur most commonly on the hands or fingers."

A child is defined as a person of what age? A. 1 to 12 years B. 9 to 14 years C. 1 month to 1 year D. 13 to 19 years

A. 1 to 12 years

All of the following abbreviations pertain to an abnormal condition EXCEPT: A. BSA B. DDH C. PDA D. ROP

A. BSA

All of the following statements are true regarding asthma EXCEPT: A. It is an uncommon disorder. B. A patient who suffers from eczema is at greater risk for developing asthma. C. Triggers can include cigarette smoke, cold viruses, and environmental allergens. D. 54% of children outgrow asthma after 10 years.

A. It is an uncommon disorder.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding RSV? A. It may be treated with antibiotics. B. In older children the symptoms are that of the common cold. C. It is diagnosed by sputum analysis. D. It can lead to pneumonia and bronchiolitis.

A. It may be treated with antibiotics.

All of the following are true regarding sick-child visits EXCEPT: A. Sick children make up 90% of the pediatrician's office schedule. B. Some offices have a standard form for the medical assistant to fill out for a sick-child examination. C. The medical assistant should ask about the child's eating and sleeping patterns. D. If possible, ill children should be separated from other children in the reception area.

A. Sick children make up 90% of the pediatrician's office schedule.

All of the following statements are true regarding conjunctivitis EXCEPT: A. The cause is always bacterial. B. Common signs and symptoms include itchiness, redness, light sensitivity, irritation, and yellow or green discharge. C. Treatment includes antibiotic eye drops. D. A warm compress may temporarily ease symptoms.

A. The cause is always bacterial.

All of the following statements are true regarding eating disorders EXCEPT: A. They are most common in women in their 20s. B. Individuals with eating disorders are often overachievers with perfectionist tendencies. C. Complications of bulimia include erosive damage to the teeth, gums, and esophagus. D. Complications of anorexia include amenorrhea, osteoporosis, and cardiac arrhythmias.

A. They are most common in women in their 20s.

Signs of neglect include all of the following EXCEPT: A. bruises on the front of a child's legs B. malnutrition C. clothing inappropriate for the weather D. poor hygiene

A. bruises on the front of a child's legs

The term pediatric means: A. concerning the treatment of children B. youth C. care of infants D. ill babies

A. concerning the treatment of children

When counting respirations the medical assistant must: A. count when the child is calm B. count each time the chest rises and each time it falls C. count for 3 full minutes D. understand that normal respirations for infants is 12 to 20 per minute

A. count when the child is calm

Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to nutritional counseling for pediatric patients? A. By age 1, children should be eating a variety of foods. B. Children should be fed by the parent until age 5. C. Children between age 5 and 12 can begin participating in menu planning and meal preparation. D. Teens should be encouraged to plan menus and cook meals.

B. Children should be fed by the parent until age 5.

Which of the following statements is true regarding strep throat? A. Everyone who has the infection is symptomatic. B. Complications of Strep throat include rheumatic fever and kidney damage. C. A prescription may be shared with other family members if they also develop symptoms. D. It may be treated with antiviral medication.

B. Complications of Strep throat include rheumatic fever and kidney damage.

Which of the following statements is true regarding lead poisoning? A. Those at greatest risk are middle class, Caucasian children. B. Lead competes in the body with other minerals such as iron, calcium, and zinc. C. Signs and symptoms of lead poisoning include constipation, lethargy, and rash. D. Diagnosis is based on chest x-rays and physical examination.

B. Lead competes in the body with other minerals such as iron, calcium, and zinc.

All of the following abbreviations pertain to a type of immunization EXCEPT: A. Hep B B. PDA C. MMR D. PCV

B. PDA

Which of the following actions is most helpful when treating a child with croup at home? A. Keep the house at least 88ºF. B. Run a humidifier in the child's bedroom. C. Give the child vitamins. D. Encourage the child to exercise.

B. Run a humidifier in the child's bedroom.

All of the following statements are true regarding the measurement of pediatric vision and hearing EXCEPT: A. The Snellen eye chart with pictures or capital E is used. B. The child should stand 5 feet from the eye chart. C. Hearing is measured using visual reinforcement audiometry. D. The child may be permitted to sit in the parent's lap during the hearing test.

B. The child should stand 5 feet from the eye chart.

The main treatment for PKU includes: A. vitamin therapy B. a special diet C. surgery D. physical therapy

B. a special diet

Which of the following terms means "lack of growth or nourishment"? A. dystrophy B. atrophy C. apnea D. dysplasia

B. atrophy

The child with diarrhea should be given a mild diet high in: A. protein B. carbohydrates C. fat D. potassium

B. carbohydrates

Which of the following symptoms is most common with anorexia nervosa? A. sporadic binge eating B. deficiency of body fat C. laxative abuse D. self-induced vomiting

B. deficiency of body fat

The medical assistant understands that: A. only physicians in some states are required to report suspected abuse and neglect B. each state has a hotline for reporting abuse and neglect C. most abusers are unrelated to the children being abused D. children age 5 to 10 are at highest risk for abuse

B. each state has a hotline for reporting abuse and neglect

Which of the following medications is most appropriate for the patient experiencing anaphylactic shock? A. corticosteroid cream B. epinephrine C. acetaminophen D. Benadryl

B. epinephrine

A common sign of otitis media in a very small child is: A. drainage from the ear B. fever C. vomiting D. rash

B. fever

The most common cause of obesity in children is: A. diabetes B. improper diet and sedentary lifestyle C. pituitary tumors D. genetics

B. improper diet and sedentary lifestyle

Bronchiolitis is defined as: A. presence of infectious fluid in the middle ear B. inflammation of the small air passages of the lungs C. shrill, harsh respiratory sound heard during inhalation or in the presence of obstruction to the larynx D. condition marked by recurrent attacks of dyspnea and wheezing due to bronchial spasm

B. inflammation of the small air passages of the lungs

When measuring temperature the medical assistant should: A. hold the thermometer loosely in the axilla for 10 minutes B. instruct the patient to keep the mouth closed when taking an oral temperature C. use a tympanic thermometer only on children under the age of 2 D. hold the patient in the supine position when obtaining a rectal temperature

B. instruct the patient to keep the mouth closed when taking an oral temperature

Stridor is defined as: A. inflammation of the bronchioles B. shrill, harsh respiratory sound heard during inhalation or in the presence of obstruction to the larynx C. condition marked by recurrent attacks of dyspnea and wheezing due to bronchial spasm D. inflammation of the tonsils, usually due to a viral infection

B. shrill, harsh respiratory sound heard during inhalation or in the presence of obstruction to the larynx

The physician usually performs the Apgar evaluation: A. once B. twice C. three times D. four times

B. twice

Infants at greatest risk for failure to thrive are those with mothers who: A. work outside of the home B. use alcohol or drugs C. are over age 35 D. are obese

B. use alcohol or drugs

Well-child examinations typically occur at: A. 6 weeks, 4 months, 9 months, 15 months, 18 months, 3 years, and then annually thereafter B. every month until the age of 2 and then annually thereafter C. 2 or 3 days after birth, 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 15 months, 2 years, then once each year until age 5, then at ages 8 and 10 D. every week until the age of 6 months, then monthly until the age of 12 months, and then annually until the age of 8

C. 2 or 3 days after birth, 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 15 months, 2 years, then once each year until age 5, then at ages 8 and 10

Which of the following gross motor skills is NOT matched to the correct age? A. 12 months: walks a few steps B. 24 months: jumps, throws ball overhanded C. 6 months: lifts head briefly in prone position D. 4 months: rolls front to back

C. 6 months: lifts head briefly in prone position

Which of the following statements is true regarding cerebral palsy? A. It worsens over the individual's lifetime. B. A key characteristic is increased muscle tone. C. Approximately half of children with CP suffer from seizures. D. With appropriate medication all CP patients can lead a normal life.

C. Approximately half of children with CP suffer from seizures.

Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to nutritional counseling for pediatric patients? A. A 3-month-old infant should receive only breast milk or formula. B. Cereals may be offered after the infant is 6 months old. C. Fruits should be offered before vegetables since the infant's gastrointestinal system will tolerate them better. D. Between 1 and 2 years of age children may be given whole milk.

C. Fruits should be offered before vegetables since the infant's gastrointestinal system will tolerate them better.

Which of the following statements is true regarding tympanostomy? A. It is a procedure in which the eardrum is removed. B. It increases the risk of permanent hearing loss. C. It facilitates the drainage of fluid. D. It involves the insertion of a tiny tube into the Eustachian tube.

C. It facilitates the drainage of fluid.

Which of the following statements is true regarding allergies? A. An allergic response occurs the first time the body is exposed to a harmful substance. B. Children are likely to outgrow allergies to peanuts. C. Symptoms of a typical allergic reaction include itchy, watery eyes and rhinitis. D. The most common type of allergy test is the breath test.

C. Symptoms of a typical allergic reaction include itchy, watery eyes and rhinitis.

All of the following are true regarding influenza EXCEPT: A. It is spread via respiratory secretions. B. It is caused by a virus. C. The annual vaccine confers immunity against all strains. D. The vaccine may be given to infants older than 6 months.

C. The annual vaccine confers immunity against all strains.

Which of the following statements is true regarding childhood immunizations? A. They are optional for children who attend public schools. B. Specific guidelines about vaccines are provided by the legislature of each state. C. The medical assistant must provide a vaccine information sheet for each vaccine given. D. Immunizations are usually given even when children are ill.

C. The medical assistant must provide a vaccine information sheet for each vaccine given.

Which of the following tests is NOT matched to correct information? A. urinalysis: a collection bag may be used to collect the specimen from an infant B. H&H: a capillary puncture may be performed to collect the blood C. any test: candy may be offered to the child as a reward for good behavior D. rapid strep test: the back of the patient's throat is swabbed

C. any test: candy may be offered to the child as a reward for good behavior

There are a number of common treatments for elimination of warts, and they include all of the following EXCEPT: A. application of duct tape B. application of medication containing salicylic acid C. application of antibiotic ointment D. application of liquid nitrogen

C. application of antibiotic ointment

An infant's growth is routinely evaluated by measuring all of the following EXCEPT: A. height B. weight C. chest circumference D. head circumference

C. chest circumference

Which of the following actions is most likely to prevent the spread of the common cold? A. covering the mouth with the hands when coughing B. taking vitamins C. frequent hand washing D. frequent exercise

C. frequent hand washing

Features of Down syndrome include all of the following EXCEPT: A. delayed intellectual development B. small head with flat facial profile C. normal life expectancy D. hypotonia

C. normal life expectancy

A child with a BMI over 30 may be diagnosed with: A. anorexia nervosa B. cerebral palsy C. obesity D. asthma

C. obesity

All of the following are typical signs or symptoms of influenza EXCEPT: A. fever B. muscle aches C. pruritic rash D. loss of appetite

C. pruritic rash

A 9-year-old boy is seen in the urgent-care clinic for complaints of a sore throat, fever, and a fine red rash on his chest, arms, and legs. His mother states that he normally has an excellent appetite but hasn't wanted to eat or drink anything for 2 days. He is reluctant to speak but whispers, "I feel really lousy, and the glands in my neck are really sore." Based upon this information, the medical assistant suspects that he may have: A. RSV B. croup C. strep throat D. allergies

C. strep throat

The medical assistant has been asked to teach a group of daycare workers about preventing and treating diarrhea in children. She realizes that one of the employees is confused when he states: A. "The cause may be bacterial, viral, or even parasites." B. "If there is blood in the stool, we should advise the parent to take her child to the doctor." C. "Antibiotics may be useful." D. "Fluids should be withheld because they will only make it worse."

D. "Fluids should be withheld because they will only make it worse."

Which of the following statements is appropriate when the medical assistant is teaching parents about chickenpox? A. "You might want to intentionally expose your children so they can get it over with." B. "It causes a rash of smooth red spots all over the body." C. "The incubation time is usually 1 to 3 days." D. "Symptoms include fever, headache, and lethargy."

D. "Symptoms include fever, headache, and lethargy."

When offering suggestions to a mother whose 8-month-old infant is suffering with otitis media, the medical assistant may state all of the following EXCEPT: A. "Give your child an analgesic such as acetaminophen as directed by your doctor." B. "Apply a warm compress to the affected ear several times a day." C. "Massage the child's temples and sinuses several times each day." D. "Use herbal supplements from the health food store to boost your child's immune system."

D. "Use herbal supplements from the health food store to boost your child's immune system."

Which of the following fine motor skills is NOT matched to the correct age? A. 2 months: follows object vertically when in supine position B. 12 months: helps turn pages in a book C. 24 months: turns doorknobs D. 4 months: attempts feeding self with spoon

D. 4 months: attempts feeding self with spoon

All of the following abbreviations pertain to a type of immunization EXCEPT: A. DPT B. Hib C. IPV D. AGA

D. AGA

Signs and symptoms of sexual abuse in children includes all of the following EXCEPT: A. bedwetting B. sleep disturbances C. phobias D. diaper rash

D. diaper rash

To help pediatric patients relax and to establish trust, the medical assistant should do all of the following EXCEPT: A. Include both child and parent in the conversation. B. Use terms and language the child will understand. C. Be honest about uncomfortable procedures. D. Ask parents of young children to remain in the reception area.

D. Ask parents of young children to remain in the reception area.

Which of the following instructions is appropriate for new parents? A. Clean the infant's umbilical stump with alcohol with each diaper change. B. Gently wash the circumcision area with peroxide. C. The umbilical cord should fall off within 3 days. D. Call the pediatrician if there is a foul odor around the cord or if the baby develops a fever.

D. Call the pediatrician if there is a foul odor around the cord or if the baby develops a fever.

Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to vitamins and minerals? A. The pediatrician may recommend a vitamin and mineral supplement to ensure that the child is getting the necessary nutrients. B. The AAP recommends breastfed infants receive iron supplements at 4 months of age and then supplements or iron-fortified cereal at 6 months of age. C. Many pediatricians recommend vitamin D supplementation during infancy. D. Even with a balanced diet, children will not receive all of the vitamins and minerals they need.

D. Even with a balanced diet, children will not receive all of the vitamins and minerals they need.

All of the following statements about Down syndrome are true EXCEPT: A. Down syndrome is a common chromosomal disorder. B. Individuals with Down syndrome are more susceptible to infection. C. Individuals with Down syndrome are at increased risk for developing Alzheimer disease after age 40. D. Individuals with Down syndrome are prone to developing phenylketonuria.

D. Individuals with Down syndrome are prone to developing phenylketonuria.

ADD and ADHD have all of the following features in common EXCEPT: A. Both disorder are more common in boys. B. Individuals with both disorders have difficulty focusing attention. C. Individuals with both disorders have difficulty completing tasks. D. Individuals with both disorders have difficulty sitting still.

D. Individuals with both disorders have difficulty sitting still.

Which of the following statements is true regarding head circumference measurement? A. It is only measured during the first 6 weeks of the infant's life. B. It should be measured first before other measurements are taken. C. It should be measured in centimeters only. D. It should be measured twice for accuracy.

D. It should be measured twice for accuracy.

When measuring the heart rate in children, the medical assistant should do all of the following EXCEPT: A. Count each lub-dub as one heartbeat. B. Note heart rhythm and method of measurement when recording heart rate in the patient's chart. C. Minimize room noise. D. Measure heart rate in small children under the age of 5 by palpating the brachial artery.

D. Measure heart rate in small children under the age of 5 by palpating the brachial artery.

Which of the following medications is NOT typically used to treat eczema? A. Dermacort / hydrocortisone B. Benadryl / diphenhydramine C. Allegra / fexofenadine D. Reglan / metoclopramide

D. Reglan / metoclopramide

Which of the following statements is true regarding otitis media? A. It is an infection of the inner ear. B. Nearly 90% of American children have at least once case of otitis media by age 2. C. Otitis media is usually caused by exposure to cold, moist air. D. Small children are vulnerable to otitis media because of the angle of the eustachian tube.

D. Small children are vulnerable to otitis media because of the angle of the eustachian tube.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the sports physical examination? A. The examination form must be provided by the medical office. B. The physician must complete all of the tests required for the form. C. Only muscle and skeletal systems are examined. D. The form must be signed by the physician or his agent before the child may participate in sports.

D. The form must be signed by the physician or his agent before the child may participate in sports.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the sports physical examination? A. The examination form must be provided by the medical office. B. The physician must complete all of the tests required for the form. C. Only muscle and skeletal systems are examined. D. The form must be signed by the physician or his agent before the child may participate in sports.

D. The form must be signed by the physician or his agent before the child may participate in sports.

Which of the following is true regarding the measurement of vital signs in children? A. The same equipment may be used on children as is used on adults. B. Blood pressure is assessed beginning at the age of 12. C. Normal values are the same for children as for adults. D. The height of children under age 2 should be measured with the child lying down.

D. The height of children under age 2 should be measured with the child lying down.

Signs and symptoms of abuse include all of the following EXCEPT: A. small round burns B. bite marks C. bald patches on the scalp D. a child who clings to the parent

D. a child who clings to the parent

All of the following terms are matched with the correct definition EXCEPT: A. cerebral palsy: disorder characterized by muscle weakness, loss of control, and spastic muscle; due to birth defects or infection acquired soon after birth B. Down syndrome: mild to moderate mental retardation and physical characteristics due to three copies (trisomy) of chromosome 21 C. failure to thrive: health status assigned to infants with insufficient weight gain D. anorexia nervosa: psychological disorder characterized by compulsive overeating followed by self-induced vomiting or misuse of diuretics and laxatives

D. anorexia nervosa: psychological disorder characterized by compulsive overeating followed by self-induced vomiting or misuse of diuretics and laxatives

Which of the following foods would be best for the child with diarrhea? A. peaches B. apricots C. cheese D. bananas

D. bananas

When measuring height and weight on a child of 10, the medical assistant should: A. mark the paper on the exam table at the child's head and heel B. let the child keep his shoes on C. instruct the child to remove all of his clothes D. record values in metrics (centimeters and kilograms. as well as household measurements (inches and pounds.

D. record values in metrics (centimeters and kilograms. as well as household measurements (inches and pounds.

Important topics to cover when teaching parents and children about safety include all of the following EXCEPT: A. car seat safety B. bicycle helmets C. fire safety D. safe sex practices

D. safe sex practices