medical math

What is 126.2 divided by 1,000?

0.1262.

If a patient takes in 235 milliliters of fluid, how many liters of fluid is this?

0.235 l.

You are to give the following order: Coumadin 4 mg IVP over 1 minute. The vial label reads 5 mg/2 ml. How many milliliters will you give every 15 seconds?

0.4 milliliters.

A patient has an order for Atenolol 5 mg IVP over 5 minutes. The medication label reads 5 mg/10ml. How much will you give every 15 seconds?

0.5 milliliters every 15 seconds.

How many milliliters of medication do you need to fill this order, and what size syringe would you use to give it? Order: atropine sulfate 0.4 mg IM Available: atropine sulfate 0.8 mg/ml

0.5 milliliters with a 1-milliliter syringe.

A prospective study identifies and follows for five years 591 patients whom doctors are treating for stage II lung cancer. The table below indicates the number surviving each year. If you select a patient at random, what's the five-year survival probability? Round to hundredths. Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 Number 591 534 498 445 389 367

0.62, or about 62%.

The table below summarizes results from an experiment comparing a new smoking-cessation drug with a placebo. Using the table below, what's the probability of a randomly selected study participant not smoking after treatment, given the participant was from the drug group? Round to hundredths.

0.64, or about 64%.

A doctor orders heparin 150 unit/kg Sub-Q q12h. The form to be given contains 10,000 units of heparin per milliliter of solution. If the patient weighs 98 pounds, what volume will you give?

0.67 milliliters.

What is 72.4% converted to a decimal?

0.724.

What are the daily fluid maintenance requirements for a 4-year-old girl who weighs 48 pounds?

1,536 milliliters.

A doctor orders streptomycin 500 mg IM q12h. The vial you have contains streptomycin sulfate for injection with 1 gram per 2.5 milliliters of solution. How many milliliters will you give, and what size syringe will you use?

1.3 milliliters using a 2-milliliter or 3-milliliter syringe.

What's the resulting strength if you have 75 milliliters of a 4% solution and you dilute it by adding water to prepare 200 milliliters of solution?

1.5%.

What's the body surface area for someone who is 156 centimeters tall and weighs 68.8 kilograms? Round to hundredths.

1.73 square meters.

An order is for Norvir 140 mg PO. This drug is available as an 80 mg/ml oral solution. How many milliliters will you administer?

1.75 milliliters.

You receive an order for dopamine 3 mcg/kg/min IVPB. The dose available is 400 milligrams in 250 milliliters of D5W. What flow rate would you set on the infusion pump in milliliters per hour for a patient who weighs 91 kilograms?

10 milliliters per hour.

What is 5/9 x 6/7? Be sure to reduce your answer.

10/21.

What's 6 milliliters per hour converted to microliters per minute?

100 mcl/min.

A patient has an order for a tube feeding of 1,000 milliliters of Ensure over 10 hours. The drop factor is 15 drops per milliliter. What's the flow rate setting in milliliters per hour?

100 milliliters per hour.

How much water should you add to a 50-milliliter vial of a 3% drug solution to produce a 1% solution of the drug?

100 milliliters.

How many milliliters of a 0.5% drug solution will you need to fill an order for 60 milligrams of the drug?

12 milliliters.

Equation: 50 milligrams over x milliliters equals 20 milligrams over 5 milliliters.

12.5 ml.

How much medication should you give a patient who weighs 135 pounds if the drug is administered at a rate of 2 milligrams per kilogram? Round your answer to the nearest milligram.

123 mg.

An order for IV fluids reads: 125 ml D5W IV in 1 hour. What's the flow rate in microdrops per minute?

125 microdrops per minute.

How many grams of sodium chloride do you need to prepare 1.5 liters of a 0.9% saline solution?

13.5 grams.

What's the standard deviation of the following data that record the time, in minutes, that patients spent waiting in the emergency room? Round your final answer to tenths. 24 18 6 11 43 35

14.2 minutes.

You are to infuse 1.5 grams of medication contained in 75 milliliters of normal saline over 30 minutes using an electronic infusion device. What flow rate in milliliters per hour will you set on the device?

150 milliliters per hour.

What is 60 inches converted to centimeters? Round your answer to tenths.

152.4 cm.

A doctor orders dactinomycin 400 mcg/m2 in 50 ml NS IVPB over 30 minutes for a patient with a BSA of 1.21 m2. The drug vial lists a strength of 250 micrograms per milliliter. What's the flow rate in drops per minute for an IV setup with a drop factor of 10 drops per milliliter?

17 drops per minute.

What's the ratio 15:90 in its simplest form?

1:6.

A patient has an order for cefotetan disodium 1,000 mg IM q12h. You have a 2-gram vial that must be reconstituted using 3 milliliters of diluent to achieve a concentration of 500 mg/ml. How many milliliters of the reconstituted solution will you give?

2 milliliters.

Patients undergoing a surgical weight-loss procedure experience a mean weight loss of 48 pounds with a standard deviation of 12.8 pounds. What's the z-score for a patient who loses 74 pounds after the surgery?

2.03.

A medication order specifies 250 milligrams PO every 6 hours. The drug's available in 100-milligram scored tablets. How many tablets will you give to fill the order?

2.5 tablets.

How many tablets would you administer to a patient who needs 375 milligrams of a drug if the drug is available in 150-milligram tablets?

2.5 tablets.

What's the percent strength of an oral solution that contains 125 milligrams of the drug per 5 milliliters of solution?

2.5%.

A doctor has ordered 40 mEq of potassium chloride by mouth. You have available a bottle labeled 10 mEq/5 ml. How many milliliters do you need to fill the order?

20 milliliters.

How many milliliters of solution are needed if the prescriber orders 100 milligrams Indocin (oral suspension)? The drug label lists the solution as 25 milligrams per 5 milliliters.

20 ml.

An order is for 750 milliliters of Ringer's lactate by IV in 8 hours. If the drop factor is 15 drops per milliliter, what's the flow rate in drops per minute?

23 drops per minute.

You receive orders to: Add 100 units of Regular insulin to 100 ml NS. Infuse at 0.1 units per kilogram per hour intravenously. If the child weighs 66 pounds, what flow rate will you use in milliliters per hour?

3 milliliters per hour.

An order's for cefazolin sodium 300 mg IM q8h. If the vial available contains 500 milligrams per 5 milliliters of solution, how many milliliters will you give, and what size syringe will you use?

3 milliliters using a 3-milliliter or 5-milliliter syringe.

What's 90 degrees Fahrenheit converted to degrees Celsius? Round your answer to tenths.

32.2 ºC.

What's the creatinine clearance for a 65-year-old female who weighs 156 pounds if her serum creatinine is 1.7 milligrams per deciliter?

36.9 milliliters per minute.

At 12:00 p.m., there's 550 milliliters of half-normal saline remaining in an IV infusion. If the flow rate is 53 drops per minute with a drop factor of 20 drops per milliliter, when will the infusion finish?

3:28 p.m.

For gastric reflux, a physician has ordered Prilosec 80 mg PO daily. If the drug comes in 20-milligram capsules, how many should you give to fill the order?

4 capsules.

An IV infusion of 500 milliliters is infusing at a rate of 20 drops per minute with a drop factor of 10 drops per milliliter. How long will the infusion take to finish?

4 hours and 10 minutes.

A child who weighs 40 kilograms has an order for codeine 0.3 mg/kg PO q4h. The available oral solution contains 15 milligrams per 5 milliliters. How many milliliters will you give every four hours?

4 milliliters.

How much pure drug is in 40 milliliters of a 12% topical solution?

4.8 grams.

How many teaspoons are in 8 fluid ounces?

48 teaspoons.

How do you express the rate "5 milligrams every 6 hours" in fraction form?

5 mg/6 h.

A 70-year-old male patient who weighs 94 kilograms and is 175 centimeters tall has this order: melphalen HCL 15 mg/m2 IV every 2 weeks; infuse in 20 minutes. The reconstituted vial contains 5 milligrams per milliliter. The doctor has just reduced his dose by 15% due to lab results showing a low creatinine clearance. What's the reduced dose in milliliters?

5.5 milliliters.

What is 3 grams per hour converted to milligrams per minute?

50 mg/min.

How many 25-milligram tablets of Clozaril 25 would you administer to fill an order for Clozaril 150 mg PO?

6 tablets.

If an elderly patient has recently experienced an unexpected 15-pound weight loss, what is this loss in kilograms? Round your answer to the tenths place.

6.8 kg.

A doctor orders Penicillin G 2 million units in 50 ml D5W IVPB over 45 minutes. The pharmacy supplies you with a premixed 50-milliliter bag containing the 2 million units for the order. If the drop factor for the IV set is 60 drops per milliliter, what's the flow rate in drops per minute?

67 gtt/min.

A patient needs a 400-milliliter infusion over 6 hours via PEG. What's the flow rate setting in milliliters per hour? Round to the nearest milliliter.

67 milliliters per hour.

How much liquid medication would you administer for an order of 225 milligrams if the medication is available as 100 milligrams per 30 milliliters?

67.5 ml.

What is 0.685 multiplied by 103?

685.

What is 154 pounds converted to kilograms?

70 kg.

What is 0.45 written as a reduced fraction?

9/20.

What are the four guiding principles that researchers use when they design effective experiments?

Control, randomization, blinding, and replication.

When you're talking about statistical significance testing, what does alternative hypothesis mean?

It's a statement of effect or difference, and it's usually what a researcher is trying to demonstrate.

A doctor prescribes medication at a rate of 100 mcg/kg PO for a patient who weighs 145 pounds. If the medication comes in 2-milligram capsules, how many capsules will you give?

No capsules. You can't fill this order without breaking a capsule, so consult the prescriber or the pharmacist.

What is the first step in the order of operations?

Parentheses.

You ask a patient to fill out a survey on the quality of healthcare he received. One of the questions asks, "Would you say the quality of care you received in your recent hospital stay was satisfactory or unsatisfactory?" What type of data are you collecting?

Qualitative data.

The result from a dosage calculation for an intramuscular injection is 0.875 milliliters before rounding. How should you round this result, and what size syringe will you use?

Round to hundredths to get 0.88 milliliters, and use a 1-milliliter syringe.

You read a medical article that states, "Patients receiving the new surgical treatment had a significantly shorter (p < 0.01) mean recovery time of 4.5 days when compared to the mean recovery time of 6.25 days for patients receiving the existing procedure." What does "significantly shorter (p < 0.01)" mean in this context?

The difference between the new and existing treatment recovery times was unusual enough that you'd expect it to occur by chance less than 1% of the time if the null hypothesis is true.

A medical researcher states: "Our research demonstrates that there is a significant difference (p < 0.002) in long-term survival rates between male and female patients treated with the new procedure." What does the researcher mean by "significant difference (p < 0.002)"?

The difference is statistically significant, since you'd expect it to occur less than 2 times in 1,000 if the null hypothesis of no difference were true.

What are the mean and median of the following data that record the time, in minutes, that patients spent waiting in the emergency room? Round your final answer to tenths. 24 18 6 11 43 35

The mean is 22.8 minutes, and the median is 21 minutes.

If you're working with quantitative data that contain unusually large or small values, which statistic is best suited for describing what's typical or average?

The median, since it resists the effects of the extreme values.

A child has a drug order for 125 milligrams PO q6h. The drug package insert recommends no more than 25 milligrams per kilogram per day for children. Is this order safe for a child who weighs 38 pounds?

The order isn't safe. The total dose of 500 milligrams per day exceeds the recommended maximum dose of 431 milligrams per day.

A survey of gestation times at a large hospital reported a mean value of 35.2 weeks and a median gestation time of 39.4 weeks. What quality of the survey data could cause these two values to differ by more than four weeks?

There were some unusually small gestation times that influenced the mean but not the median.

What quantity do the metric and U.S. customary systems measure in the same way?

Time.