Medieval Monarchs- WHH 🏰
______ _ established __________, the legislative body that still governs England to this day. In 1295, it included not only the noble and the clergy, but _______________ from every county and town in England. They had the power to create new _____ and ______ the king on lawmaking. With Parliament, Edward strengthened England's central __________ and reformed its system of ____. It was made up of the House of _____ (nobles and bishops) and the House of _______.
Edward I, Parliament, representatives, taxes, advise, government, laws, Lords, Commons
1066- ______ the Confessor dies without an ____ and 2 men claim the crown. 1. ______- Anglo Saxon nobleman supported by the English ________. 2. _______, Duke of Normandy-French; distant ________ of Edward. William is upset about being overlooked and decides to take England by _____.
Edward, heir, Harold, nobility, William, relative, force
_______ __ _________ was the wife of Henry II. She was one of the most remarkable women in history. Before her commitment to Henry, she married _____ ___ of France, which was annulled, and was the mother of _______ ___ ___________ and King ____. Together, Henry and Eleanor ruled all of England and about half of France.
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Louis VII, Richard the Lionhearted, John
William, Duke of Normandy, fights Harold at the Battle of ________ in 1066. William is the ______ and is crowned King William I (aka William the Conqueror) of England on Christmas Day in ____________ _____.
Hastings, victor, Westminster Abbey
_____ and ________ are located on the _______ _________. In the early 700s, conquered by the _____ (Christian name for Muslims). The ___________ is the reconquest of the Christian lands from the Muslims. In the 1100s, Moors were driven out of Portugal and controlled the kingdom of ______ in Spain. In ____, Granada was surrendered to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain.
Spain, Portugal, Iberian Peninsula, Moors, Reconquista, Granada, 1492
_______ was the first country in Europe to develop a strong central ________ under _______ ___ _____ in 878 AD. Then, it was called the "___ __ ___ ______".
England, monarchy, Alfred the Great, Land of the Angles
_____ __ created the _____ ______. They heard cases and settled ________, collected _____, and punished ______. They introduced a __ ______ ____. Decisions and ruling of the Royal Judges became known as ______ ___. King Henry II was known for the murder of ______ ______ and the pilgrimage to __________. (Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury)
Henry II, Royal Judges, lawsuits, taxes, crimes, 12 person jury, common law, Thomas Becket, Canterbury
King ____ came to the throne after his brother Richard. He lost ________ and all his lands in Northern France to King Philip II of ______. Due to financing multiple wars, John needed money and tried to tax the ________. This led to the nobles taking up ____ against the king and forcing him to sign the _____ _____.
John, Normandy, France, nobility, arms, Magna Carta
____ ___ _____ (originally Duke of Saxony) became king of the Germans in 936. In 962, the ____ crowned him emperor of the Roman Empire. He made decisions and passed laws with the help of the _____. By the 1100s, the Holy Roman Emperor was _______. (Holy because of Pope's support, Roman because of Charlemagne holding the title of the Emperor of Roman People)
Otto the Great, pope, dukes, elected
The Magna Carta came into effect because nobles in England were _____ and revolted in 1215 and forced King John to sign it. The nobles were granted certain rights: 😠 1. No taxation without ______________. 2. ____ trial 3. protection of the ___ They set forth ideas about ________ government and executive power= proved that the ____ was not above the law. One of the most important documents in the formation of modern ___________.
angry, representation, jury, law, limiting, king, democracies
(France) After Charlemagne's reign, kings of France only ruled the territory around the ______ of Paris and Orleans. Many ______ owned more land and had more _____ than the king. ____ _____ began the ________ _______. He began weak, but the growth of royal power would eventually _____ France.
cities, nobles, power, Capetian dynasty, unite
King William claims all the land in England as his ________ ________. He imposes _________, which divides England into _____ and distributes them to his loyal knights (eventually led to the foundation of a centralized government). He takes survey of his new land records how much his people can afford to pay in _____- known as the Domesday Book. William and the new nobles spoke ______ and practiced French customs, while the people continued to the old Anglo-Saxon ways (link to French culture lasted for centuries)
personal property, feudalism, fiefs, taxes, French
