mEOW

Biliary atresia in childhood should be diagnosed and treated until 1) 2 months of age 2) 2 years of age 3) 12 months of age 4) 4 months of ageP

1)

By Apgar score is assessed 1) heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, skin color, response to irritation 2) heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, skin color, maturity 3) heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, shouting, maturity 4) heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, screaming, response to iCererritation

1)

Human growth differs from the growth of other mammalian species primarily by 1) more powerful pubertal growth catch-up 2) sexual dimorphism of body height 3) the period of quiet child growing season 4) the predominant effect of growth hormone on body growth

1)

Infant period if terminated by 1) first birthday 2) inclusion of non-milk diet 3) the appearance of first tooth 4) transition of breastfeeding on artificial nutrition

1)

The most frequent HPV type in cervical carcinomas in the Czech Republic is 1) type 16 2) type 18 3) type 6 4) type 45

1)

Arrhenoblastoma is a 1) gonadostromal tumor 2) germinal tumor 3) tumor of ovarian surface epithelium 4) metastatic tumor

1) = Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor ! potentially malignant * weak androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone)

In the fetal circulation 1) the oxygen dissociation curve of fetal haemoglobin is shifted to the left 2) the oxygen dissociation curve of fetal hemoglobin ensures oxygen delivery to the tissues despite low oxygen partial pressures 3) 2,3-DPG levels are higher in fetal haemoglobin compared with adult haemoglobin 4) the patency of ductus arteriosus is maintained by high oxygen tensions

1) 2) 3) -> lower affinity for 2,3 DPG increases the binding affinity for oxygen 4) high oxygen levels lead to contraction of ductus arteriosus

Risk factors of endometroid adenocarcinoma DO NOT INCLUDE 1) HPV infection 2) hyperestrogenism 3) obesity 4) Lynch syndrome

1) 2) risk factors: obesity, nulliparity, Lynch syndrome

Physical abuse includes 1) punch in the face 2) strike by any object 3) slapping 4) long-term use of laxatives

1) 2) 3)

Neonatal respiratory distress syndroma include/s 1) increased alveolar surface tension 2) hyaline membrane formation 3) acidosis 4) deficiency of pulmonary surfactant

1) 2) -> was formerly called hyaline membrane disease 3) 4) lack of surfactant -> lung atelectasis + decrease in lung compliance -> hypoxemia + increase in CO2 + vasoconstriction in lungs

Clinical examination for meningeal irritation includes 1) Kernig maneuver 2) Lassegue maneuver 3) Brudzinski sign 4) Chvostel signs

1) 3)

Cerebral palsy is 1) disorder demanding multidisciplinary care 2) developmental syndrome sourcing from brain damage during delivery period 3) children's infectious disease 4) any central paralysis in the childhood

1) ?!?!

We do NOT find psamomma bodies in 1) low-grade serous carcinoma of ovary 2) serous borderline tumor of ovary 3) high-grade serous carcinoma of ovary 4) endometroid carcinoma of ovary

1) more?! 3) seen in high-grade serous carcinoma of ovary

Sandwich model of growth has following components 1) childhood growth period starting at age of 2 years, ending at start of puberty and characterized by slowly decreasing height velocity 2) adulthood growth period following pubertal growth period and continuing to approximately 55 years of age that is characterized by slow height velocity 1-2 cm/year 3) infantile growth period following prenatal growth and characterized by initially low + then progressively increasing height velocity 4) pubertal growth period following directly infantile growth period + characterized by height velocity increasing to 10,5 cm/year in boys + 9 cm/year in girls

1) 4) pubertal growth period follow childhood period boys: 10,3 cm/year girls: 9 cm/year

In pyloric stenosis 1) surgery is the usual treatment 2) infants often have a metabolic acidosis 3) diagnosis is confirmed by endoscopy 4) is more common in girls

1) -> myotomy (surgical procedue where muscle is cut) 2) ! metabolic alkalosis 3) ! diagnosis: US/X-ray 4) boys:girls 5:1

Cleft palate is called 1) cheilognathoschisis 2) palatoschisis 3) cheiloschisis 4) gnathoschisis

1) ?!

Symptoms include Meckel's diverticulum 1) anemia 2) enterorrhagia 3) chronic abdominal pain 4) chronic diarrhea

1) ?! 2) - bleeding within intestinal tract 3)

Best method for assessment of uterine cervix surface is 1) colposcopy 2) laparoscopy 3) cystoscopy 4) hysteroscopy

1) colposcopy

Highest growth rate the child reaches 1) in the second year of life 2) in the first year of schooling 3) during the pubertal catch-up 4) in the first six months after birth

1) in the second year of life ?!

In human milk as compared to cow's milk 1) increased lactose levels 2) increased fats levels 3) increased protein levels 4) elevated IgA

1) increased lactose levels 4) elevated IgA ! same amount of fat levels ! decreased protein levels

Most frequent site of extrauterine gravidity is 1) tuba uterine 2) vagina 3) ovary 4) mesenterium

1) tuba uterine

Protein level in cerebrospinal fluid during first months of life is 1) the same as in older children 2) 2-3 times higher than in older 3) immeasurably low 4) 2 to 3 times lower than in older

2)

In the basic biometrics of the fetus 1) we measure fetus head circumference, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference + length of humerus bone 2) we measure fetus head circumference, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference + length of femur bone 3) we will get the expected weight of fetus at time of delivery 4) we measure fetuses head volume, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference + length of humerus bone

2) * biparietal diameter (= measurement of diameter across your developing baby's skull, from parietal bone to other; used to estimate fetal weight +gestational age) * head circumference * abdominal circumference * femur diaphysis length * estimated fetal weight (Hadlock formula)

Father's height is 180 cm, mother's height 170 cm. Their healthy daughter with 95% probability will reach the final height 1) 160-177 cm 2) 166-171 cm 3) 162-175 cm 4) 164-173 cm

2) - 168,5 cm

The single dose of paracetamol in children is 1) 1-5 g/kg 2) 10-15 mg/kg 3) 1-5 mg/kg 4) 100-150 mg/kg

2) 10-15 mg/kg

Homer-Wright rossetes and cerebral localization characterize 1) myxopapillary ependymoma 2) medulloblastoma 3) pilocytiy astrocytoma 4) Wilms tumor

2) medulloblastoma

For a 25 year old female with palpabe breast lump, first-line imaging examination is 1) biopsy 2) sonography 3) magnetic resonance 4) mammography

2) sonography ?

Anterior large fontanel closes 1) at birth 2) usually within 18 months 3) before the end of third month of life 4) about 3 years

2) usually within 18 months

Which from the following statement/s regarding polycystic kidney disease is/are true 1) the most common PDK 1 gene mutation is deletion of the codon for arginin + lysin 2) the gene is located on chromosome 6 3) the gene is on chromosome 16 4) heterogenous carrier prevalence 1:25

3) 4) ?! on chromosomes: 2, 4 + 16

Failure to thrive due to decreased secretion of pancreatic enzymes occurs in 1) milk intolerance 2) Crohns disease 3) cystic fibrosis 4) coeliac disease

3) ?!

Signs of extensive diaphragmatic hernia in neonates are 1) increased salivation 2) the hollow belly 3) dyspnea 4) dysphagia

3) ?!

The risk of neural tube clefts is decreased by 1) levothyroxine 2) pantothenic acid 3) folic acid 4) docosahexaenoic acid

3) folic acid

The most common type of shock in infants 1) septic shock 2) cardiogenic shock 3) anaphylactic shock 4) hypovolemic shock

4)

The signs of expiratory dyspnea is/are 1) flaring of nostrils 2) retraction of jugulum 3) inspiratory stridor 4) prolongation of expirium

4) ?!

Chorion villus sampling can be performed 1) from 16. week of gravidity 2) in 5.-8. week of gravidity 3) anytime 4) in 11.-13. week of gravidity

4) earlier than amnioscentesis

Half of their future adult height an average boy reaches at 1) at 6 years 2) at birth 3) 18 months 4) 2 years

4) 2 years

Patient with hymenal atresia 1) can deliver after surgical correction 2) surgical correction is colpostomia 3) has cyclic pain and heavy bleeding during menstruation 4) its necessary to deliver by CS after surgical correction

hymenal atresia = imperforate hymen 3) 2) ?! surgery: hymenotomy (making cruciate incisions of hymen)

In the fetal circulation 1) the umbilical artery carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to fetus 2) there are one umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein 3) over 95% of blood passes the liver via ductus venosus 4) the foramen ovale divides the left and right ventricle

nothing right!!! 3) it's like 30% at 20. week