Metamorphic rock study guide
Described the two ways in which foliated metamorphic rock might form
- extreme pressure may cause minerals to realing or regrow - Minerals that have different compositions separate to provide a series of alternating dark and light bands
Describe two characteristics of nonfoliated metamorphic rock
- the original rock that is mormaphised ay contain grains of only one mineral or contains very small amounts of other minerals -the original rock may contain grains that are round or square
In what two ways are metamorphic rock classified
Chemical composition texture
Metamorphic rock form from which three types of rock?
Existing igneous Sedimentary metamorphic
Why are rocks that formed as a result of contact metamorphism often found near those formed by regional metamorphism?
Volcanism and the movement of magma often accompany tectonic activity
Hot fluids from magma can circulate through the rock and change the mineral ___________ by dissolving some minerals and adding others
composition
Where does most metamorphic rock form?
deep within earth's crust
The second type of metmorphism occurs when large areas of Earth's crust are affected by the heat and pressure caused by the movement and collisions of
earth's giant techtonic plates
the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes and bands
foliation
a metamorphic rock that forms when intense heat and pressure underground cause the minerals in schist to separate into bands a the minerals recrystalize
gneiss
In addition to changed caused by heat from magma, what other occurrence changes in the surrounding rock during contact metamorphism
hot chemical fluids
One type of metamorphism occurs when small volumes of rock come in contact with ___________
magma
a metamorphic rock that forms from the compression of limestone
marble
The type of rock that forms because of ________ can indicate the conditions that were in place when the original rock changed
metamorphism
the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands
nonfoliated
Describe the area of rock that is affected by contact metamorphism
only a small area of rock that surrounds the hot magma is changed by the magma's heat
Minerals may change in size or shape, or they may separate into _______________ that give rocks a layered appearance
parallel bands
Hot fluids, heat and ___________ cause some minerals to change into other minerals
pressure
a nonfoliated rock that forms when quartz sandstone is metamorphosed
quartzite
Which type of metamorphism causes most metamorphic rock to form
regional metamorphism
a coarse-grained rock that forms when large amounts of heat and pressure are exerted on slate
schist
a foliated rock that forms when pressure is exerted on the sedimentary rock shale
slate
describe what happens to mineral during tectonic activity
tectonic activity generates tremendous heat and pressure which causes chemical changes in the minerals of rock
Define metamorphosis
the process of which by which heat, pressure, or chemical processes change one type of rock to another
Define regional metamorphism
the type of metamorphism that occurs over a large area
Define contact metamorphism
when magma comes into contact with existing rock, heat from the magma can change the structure and mineral composition