MGMT and Org. Behavior

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Under the Quinn and Rohrbaugh Typology (1983), the four organizational cultural types are

Clan, Adhocracy, Hierarchy and Market

Pavlov's (1927) work on behaviour where a reward or punishment accompanied and reinforced every instance of behaviour to be conditioned is known as

Classical Conditioning

19. Machiavelli (1532) in his work The Prince argued that people obey because they fear the consequences of not doing so. What form of power does this represent?

Coercive

19. Although seen as historic, some people suggest that global brands are a modern-day form of _______ of the world.

Colonisation

According to Katzenbach and Smith (1993), high performing teams display

Commitment to a common approach

High preforming teams display

Commitment to a common approach

An ethical Perspective that emphasizes the connection between the individual and the community

Communitarianism

Hersey and Blanchard's (1988) situational leadership theory argues that the leadership style depends on

Competency and Commitment of the followers

Blake and Mouton 5 Key types of leadership

Country Club MGMT Impoverished MGMT Authority-Compliance MGMT

With respect to organizational culture , according to Peters and Waterman (1982), managing through shared values and purpose is a characteristic of:

Cultural management

Which of the following is not one of the leadership styles named by Lewin et al (1939

Democratic

Branch of Ethics which examines if an action is right, fair, and honest is known as

Deontological

Which of the traits below are not featured on Cattel's (1966) 16 Primary Factor personality traits?

Egotism

The lead researcher throughout the whole of the Hawthorne Studies was?

Elton Mayo

The _____ approach to change suggests that change cannot be planned neatly in advance, but that change is about dealing with events and knock-on effects as they happen

Emergent

Which of the following could be defined as relating to "a self-sustaining group where employees find gratification through the group and task" (King and Lawley, 2013)

Enivornmental Leadership

Under King and Lawley's (2013) classification, which of the following perspectives challenges capitalism:

Ethical within capitalism

Cain (2012) builds on the work of Carl Jung (1923) and argues that contemporary workplaces with open plan offices and requirements for team players favours which personality type

Extroverts

Globalization means that the world is shrinking.

False

Lack of parochial self-interest is often cited as reason employees may resist change in an organization

False

Tannebaum and Schmidt Continuum of Leadership Behaviour

Forces are in leader, subordinate, and the situation NOT THE TASK

Which of the following is not a personality test

Foucault's Categorisation

The final level of Maslow's (1943) hierarchy is self-actualization. This may be described as a need for:

Fulfillment

Belbin's Team Role description a Plant...

Generates Ideas and Solves difficult problems

Men are able to accelerate beyond women in female dominated occupations

Glass Escalator

Coke, McDonalds, Disney, Apple

Global Brands

Robertson's term to describe organizations which operate globally but adapt their products and activities for local markets

Glocalization

According to King and Lawley (2016), "a collection of people with a sense of shared identity and something in common but not with a shared purpose" may be described as a

Group

According to King and Lawley (2013) ________ describes "the processes involved in the interaction between group members with particular emphasis on the tensions, conflicts and adjustments that occur

Group Dynamics

In Gods of Management (2009), Charles Handy identified four organizational cultures named after gods in Greek mythology. Which of the following was not one of them?

Hades

According to Bentham (1780) the underlying concept of Utilitarianism, is that "the greatest _______ of the greatest number of people is the foundation of morals and legislation"

Happiness

Pay does not motivate in itself, but if not sufficient it can cause dissatisfaction. This sentence describes the perspective of which theorist?

Herzberg

Which of the following are aspects of globalization as identified by Parker and Clegg (2006)?

I. Global economy II. Global politics III. Global technology IV. Global culture

According to Pfeffer (1981), what gives someone power is:

I. Having something that someone wants where they do not have a suitable alternative III. Being able to solve organizational problems IV. Being able to control information about alternatives

According to Mitchell (1982), the four common characteristics underlying the definition of motivation are that

I. Motivation is typified as an individual phenomenon. II. Motivation is described, usually, as intentional. III. Motivation is multifaceted. IV. The purpose of motivational theories is to predict behaviour.

which of the following does Goldthorpe (1968) perceive as an orientation to work?

I. The instrumental orientation II. The solidaristic orientation

What key features was the Hawthorne Studies research said to have discovered

I. The power of informal social relations III. The power of group norms

Which of the following are ways Edgar Schein (2010) argues that leaders impact the culture

I.What the leader pays attention to 2.How the leader recruits, selects, and promotes people 3. How the leader reacts to critical incidents and organizational crisis

Adam Smith (1776) argued that people acting in their own best interest is the best way to get a good society. He termed this "The Invisible ________

Invisible Hand

19. _______ (1859) argued that much of our everyday experiences, for instance our attitudes to religion, the structure of our families, the media, and our systems of education, are produced by the economic system we are in. Therefore to really get a truly ethical society we need to change the economic system.

Karl Marx

Path-Goal Theory

Leader's Effectiveness is dependent on the motivation, satisfaction, and performance of subordinates

What is the concept that states that everyone has the capacity to be a leader

Leaderful

Peters and Waterman rational mgmt. needs

Managing through budgets, strategies, and targets Formal Communication through newsletters, emails, etc. Control, Monitoring, and Evaluation

The fact that workers may work more efficiently to increase profits, but that it is the owners of the organization who enjoy this profit is a _________ critique of capitalism

Marxist

In Belbin's Self-Perception Inventory, being sober, strategic and a good judgement maker are characteristics of a

Monitor-Evaluator

According to Mitchell Four common characteristics of motivation are

Motivation is typified as an individual phenomenon Motivation is described, usually, as intentional Motivation is multifaceted The purpose of motivational theories is to predict behaviour

1. According to King and Lawley (2016) which of the following is not a metaphor for change?

Mountain

The Anti-globalisation movement is a collective term for protestors and critics of

Multi-national corporations

Smircich (1983), argues that culture is something that an organisation IS not HAS. This means that:

No group has the power to define the organisational culture but it emerges over time and through negotiation

The __________approach sees personality as a set of traits which can be measured efficiently

Nomoethic

Red tape is a concept where

Paperwork can get in the way of preforming the job

19. Which of the following are examples of Herzberg's (1966) hygiene factors?

Pay and working conditions

Social Loafing

People do not work as hard because they know their individual work won't be recognized

Fayol's Five Elements of Managerial Activity (1917) are

Planning, Organising, Command, Co-ordination and Control

An organization where rules have been minimised and structures simplified to promote creativity and innovation may be called

Post-bureaucratic

Steven Lukes (1974) originally argued that there were three faces (or dimensions) of power. Which of the following was not one of the original dimensions?

Power as productive, bringing things and new realities into being

19. "Empowerment" in the workplace means that workers have

Power to make decisions

"Groupthink" describes a situation where

Powerful social pressures are put on members not to voice concerns

The accuracy with which a selection technique measures the best fit candidate's personality for the requirements is called the...

Predictive Validity

According to Tuckman's (1965) theory of group formation, the stage at which the group has bonded and interpersonal issues are solved, the group structure is accepted, and the group has matured is known as:

Preforming

19. Equity theory and Expectancy theory are examples of what?

Process Theories

Vroom's Expectancy Theory (1964) and Adam's Equity Theory (1963) are examples of

Process Theories of Motivation

From Burrell and Morgan's Sociological Paradigms Framework(1979), the paradigm that sees conflict as inevitable and argues that people have different perspectives on the world and each group has different (sometimes contradictory) interests is known as:

Radical Humanism

Machiavelli's "The Prince"

Realist view of how power works in orgs and understand how power is won and lost To do good things sometimes the leader has to be prepared to do evil

Herzeberg describes what as a motivating factor

Recognition

Which of the following does Herzberg (1966) classify as a motivating (rather than a hygiene) factor?

Recognition

Operant Conditioning

Recognizes that rewards and punishments do not need to be continuous but can be scheduled in a way to condition behavior

Extravert Enthusiasm and ability to network are characteristics of?

Resource Investigator

Four Personality Types

Sanguine is "warm, outgoing, and social"

The use of scientific techniques to design work to be as efficient as possible is known as:

Scientific Management

Burrell and Morgan's Social Paradigms Framework, Interpretivist Paradigm

Sees Conflict occuring as the breakdown of consensus and recognizes that different groups have different perspectives but ultimately it privileges consensus

What can be found on Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Sensing/Intuition (S/N) Thinking/Feeling (T/F)

Psychologist most associated with the psychodynamic approach to personality?

Sigmund Freud

Rate Buster

Sub-Culture of a worker who produced at too high a rate

Organizations may use a variety of expansion techniques to extend their activities globally. When one organization hires another organization to perform a particular process of service on its behalf, it is known as:

Subcontracting

Which of the following countries is the most 'feminine' on Hofstede's (1986) dimensions?

Sweden lol

In Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid (1985) what description is given to a leadership style that has a high concern for both people and production?

Team MGMT

Personality is...

The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character

Content Theories of Motivation Suggest...

The content of work should be designed so as best to meet the needs which motivate workers

Power distance describes

The degree of social separation from senior positions

Kurt Lewin's (1939) leadership styles have become one of the most popular accounts of how leadership is conducted. Under the autocratic leadership style

The leader largely dictates what the group does

A Panopticon is a prison with cells arranged around a central area so that prisoners can be seen at all times. Foucault (1977) compared the modern workplace to a panopticon because of:

The power and control that comes from surveillance The role of computers and technology

French and Raven bases of power

The power to fire people is coercive power

Deal and Kennedy Typology

Tough-Guy Macho, Hard/Play Hard, Process Culture, Bet-Your-Company Culture

Great Man theory of leadership (Carlyle, 1840) is closely related to

Trait Theory

Burns says that leaders who inspire their followers to higher goals are

Transformational Leaders

Bartlett and Ghosal state that an org that benefits from high economies of scale through standardized control mechanisms across the world, but some differentiation in products or services to suit local markets is said to be

Trasnational

Horizontal differentiation describes the process whereby different parts of a hierarchy are grouped according to criteria such as function performed or the geographical area.

True

Adjourning

Tuckman Model of Group Formation where team is dissolved

Lewin's Three Phase Change Model (1947) consists of

Unfreezing, Movement, Refreezing

Jung's Theory about extroverts

Updating data on excel would be least appealing to an extrovert

Group Dynamics

Use of power and social networking within an organization to achieve changes that benefit or harm the organization or individual within is often called

Greatest happiness of the greatest number of people is the foundation of

Utilitarianism

Vroom's Theory Motivational Force Equals

V X I X E

The concept that employees should be developed to improve capabilities and therefore increase their perception that added effort will lead to improved performance is a workplace implication of

Vroom's Expectancy Theory

Iron cage of bureaucracy describes the concept where people feel trapped in routines and procedures. It is attributed to:

Weber

God's of Mgmt.

Zeus, Hercules, Dionysus, and Apollo

Which of the following are French and Raven's (1958) five bases of power?

a. Expert b. Coercive d. Legitimate e. Reward RELEVANT IS NOT ONE OF THEM

Which of the following are King and Lawley's (2016) Continuums for Team Variety

a. Independent-to-interdependent continuum b. Formal-to- informal continuum c. Domestic-to-multinational continuum

Weber (2004) argued there are three ideal types of authority, which did he see as superior?

a. Rational-legal - based on formalised laws and regulation

Ethical Egoism states that

acting in one's own self-interest is the best thing to do because if we all did this then it would promote the maximum happiness overall

Vroom's Expectancy Theory states.

employees should be developed to improve abilities and therefore increase their perception that added effort will lead to improved performance.

The view which sees org culture as something the org is

means culture is seen as something that is owned and designed by the top mgmt and available for manipulation

"Risk shift" in group decision making refers to

tendency for people to take greater risks when in a group

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs first stage is

1)Physiological 2)Safety 3)Belonging 4)Esteem 5)Self-Actualization

Schedule Reinforcement

A blend of fixed and variable reinforcements designed so as best to to reinforce desirable behaviours

Group

A collection of people with a sense of shared identity and something in common but not a with a shared purpose

Operant Conditioning

A conditioning of behaviour which recognises that rewards and punishments do not need to be continuous but can be scheduled in a way to condition behaviour

Mission Statement

A formal summary of the aims and values and aspirations of a company, organization, or individual

The term "global village" refers to:

A perceived shrinking of the globe and increased sense of global proximity due to the effects of transport and communications technologies

In Tuckman's (1965 and 1977) model of group formation the stage where the team is dissolved either because the task is complete or the membership changes is called`

Adjourning

Jokes and Stories offer...

An way to communicate things that maybe otherwise you could not acceptably do Can be used to transmit values, particularly in ways that people can remember

Social-Radical Approach

Appreciates the effect measurement techniques and organizations themselves have on the personality of individuals.

Two or more people who are in face to face interaction, each aware of their membership in the group, and striving to accomplish assigned work tasks

Are a work group

Which of the following selection methods has the highest predictive validity

Assessment Centers

With respect to organizational culture, mission statements are tools that senior managers can use to change the espoused _____ of the organizational members.

Beliefs

Deal and Kennedy (1982) argue there are four main cultural types. Under their typology, a pharmaceutical company engaged in long term research and development would fit which of the following cultures

Bet-Your-Company Culture

Which of the following is not an approach to business ethics?

Biographical ethics


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