MGMT and Org. Behavior
Under the Quinn and Rohrbaugh Typology (1983), the four organizational cultural types are
Clan, Adhocracy, Hierarchy and Market
Pavlov's (1927) work on behaviour where a reward or punishment accompanied and reinforced every instance of behaviour to be conditioned is known as
Classical Conditioning
19. Machiavelli (1532) in his work The Prince argued that people obey because they fear the consequences of not doing so. What form of power does this represent?
Coercive
19. Although seen as historic, some people suggest that global brands are a modern-day form of _______ of the world.
Colonisation
According to Katzenbach and Smith (1993), high performing teams display
Commitment to a common approach
High preforming teams display
Commitment to a common approach
An ethical Perspective that emphasizes the connection between the individual and the community
Communitarianism
Hersey and Blanchard's (1988) situational leadership theory argues that the leadership style depends on
Competency and Commitment of the followers
Blake and Mouton 5 Key types of leadership
Country Club MGMT Impoverished MGMT Authority-Compliance MGMT
With respect to organizational culture , according to Peters and Waterman (1982), managing through shared values and purpose is a characteristic of:
Cultural management
Which of the following is not one of the leadership styles named by Lewin et al (1939
Democratic
Branch of Ethics which examines if an action is right, fair, and honest is known as
Deontological
Which of the traits below are not featured on Cattel's (1966) 16 Primary Factor personality traits?
Egotism
The lead researcher throughout the whole of the Hawthorne Studies was?
Elton Mayo
The _____ approach to change suggests that change cannot be planned neatly in advance, but that change is about dealing with events and knock-on effects as they happen
Emergent
Which of the following could be defined as relating to "a self-sustaining group where employees find gratification through the group and task" (King and Lawley, 2013)
Enivornmental Leadership
Under King and Lawley's (2013) classification, which of the following perspectives challenges capitalism:
Ethical within capitalism
Cain (2012) builds on the work of Carl Jung (1923) and argues that contemporary workplaces with open plan offices and requirements for team players favours which personality type
Extroverts
Globalization means that the world is shrinking.
False
Lack of parochial self-interest is often cited as reason employees may resist change in an organization
False
Tannebaum and Schmidt Continuum of Leadership Behaviour
Forces are in leader, subordinate, and the situation NOT THE TASK
Which of the following is not a personality test
Foucault's Categorisation
The final level of Maslow's (1943) hierarchy is self-actualization. This may be described as a need for:
Fulfillment
Belbin's Team Role description a Plant...
Generates Ideas and Solves difficult problems
Men are able to accelerate beyond women in female dominated occupations
Glass Escalator
Coke, McDonalds, Disney, Apple
Global Brands
Robertson's term to describe organizations which operate globally but adapt their products and activities for local markets
Glocalization
According to King and Lawley (2016), "a collection of people with a sense of shared identity and something in common but not with a shared purpose" may be described as a
Group
According to King and Lawley (2013) ________ describes "the processes involved in the interaction between group members with particular emphasis on the tensions, conflicts and adjustments that occur
Group Dynamics
In Gods of Management (2009), Charles Handy identified four organizational cultures named after gods in Greek mythology. Which of the following was not one of them?
Hades
According to Bentham (1780) the underlying concept of Utilitarianism, is that "the greatest _______ of the greatest number of people is the foundation of morals and legislation"
Happiness
Pay does not motivate in itself, but if not sufficient it can cause dissatisfaction. This sentence describes the perspective of which theorist?
Herzberg
Which of the following are aspects of globalization as identified by Parker and Clegg (2006)?
I. Global economy II. Global politics III. Global technology IV. Global culture
According to Pfeffer (1981), what gives someone power is:
I. Having something that someone wants where they do not have a suitable alternative III. Being able to solve organizational problems IV. Being able to control information about alternatives
According to Mitchell (1982), the four common characteristics underlying the definition of motivation are that
I. Motivation is typified as an individual phenomenon. II. Motivation is described, usually, as intentional. III. Motivation is multifaceted. IV. The purpose of motivational theories is to predict behaviour.
which of the following does Goldthorpe (1968) perceive as an orientation to work?
I. The instrumental orientation II. The solidaristic orientation
What key features was the Hawthorne Studies research said to have discovered
I. The power of informal social relations III. The power of group norms
Which of the following are ways Edgar Schein (2010) argues that leaders impact the culture
I.What the leader pays attention to 2.How the leader recruits, selects, and promotes people 3. How the leader reacts to critical incidents and organizational crisis
Adam Smith (1776) argued that people acting in their own best interest is the best way to get a good society. He termed this "The Invisible ________
Invisible Hand
19. _______ (1859) argued that much of our everyday experiences, for instance our attitudes to religion, the structure of our families, the media, and our systems of education, are produced by the economic system we are in. Therefore to really get a truly ethical society we need to change the economic system.
Karl Marx
Path-Goal Theory
Leader's Effectiveness is dependent on the motivation, satisfaction, and performance of subordinates
What is the concept that states that everyone has the capacity to be a leader
Leaderful
Peters and Waterman rational mgmt. needs
Managing through budgets, strategies, and targets Formal Communication through newsletters, emails, etc. Control, Monitoring, and Evaluation
The fact that workers may work more efficiently to increase profits, but that it is the owners of the organization who enjoy this profit is a _________ critique of capitalism
Marxist
In Belbin's Self-Perception Inventory, being sober, strategic and a good judgement maker are characteristics of a
Monitor-Evaluator
According to Mitchell Four common characteristics of motivation are
Motivation is typified as an individual phenomenon Motivation is described, usually, as intentional Motivation is multifaceted The purpose of motivational theories is to predict behaviour
1. According to King and Lawley (2016) which of the following is not a metaphor for change?
Mountain
The Anti-globalisation movement is a collective term for protestors and critics of
Multi-national corporations
Smircich (1983), argues that culture is something that an organisation IS not HAS. This means that:
No group has the power to define the organisational culture but it emerges over time and through negotiation
The __________approach sees personality as a set of traits which can be measured efficiently
Nomoethic
Red tape is a concept where
Paperwork can get in the way of preforming the job
19. Which of the following are examples of Herzberg's (1966) hygiene factors?
Pay and working conditions
Social Loafing
People do not work as hard because they know their individual work won't be recognized
Fayol's Five Elements of Managerial Activity (1917) are
Planning, Organising, Command, Co-ordination and Control
An organization where rules have been minimised and structures simplified to promote creativity and innovation may be called
Post-bureaucratic
Steven Lukes (1974) originally argued that there were three faces (or dimensions) of power. Which of the following was not one of the original dimensions?
Power as productive, bringing things and new realities into being
19. "Empowerment" in the workplace means that workers have
Power to make decisions
"Groupthink" describes a situation where
Powerful social pressures are put on members not to voice concerns
The accuracy with which a selection technique measures the best fit candidate's personality for the requirements is called the...
Predictive Validity
According to Tuckman's (1965) theory of group formation, the stage at which the group has bonded and interpersonal issues are solved, the group structure is accepted, and the group has matured is known as:
Preforming
19. Equity theory and Expectancy theory are examples of what?
Process Theories
Vroom's Expectancy Theory (1964) and Adam's Equity Theory (1963) are examples of
Process Theories of Motivation
From Burrell and Morgan's Sociological Paradigms Framework(1979), the paradigm that sees conflict as inevitable and argues that people have different perspectives on the world and each group has different (sometimes contradictory) interests is known as:
Radical Humanism
Machiavelli's "The Prince"
Realist view of how power works in orgs and understand how power is won and lost To do good things sometimes the leader has to be prepared to do evil
Herzeberg describes what as a motivating factor
Recognition
Which of the following does Herzberg (1966) classify as a motivating (rather than a hygiene) factor?
Recognition
Operant Conditioning
Recognizes that rewards and punishments do not need to be continuous but can be scheduled in a way to condition behavior
Extravert Enthusiasm and ability to network are characteristics of?
Resource Investigator
Four Personality Types
Sanguine is "warm, outgoing, and social"
The use of scientific techniques to design work to be as efficient as possible is known as:
Scientific Management
Burrell and Morgan's Social Paradigms Framework, Interpretivist Paradigm
Sees Conflict occuring as the breakdown of consensus and recognizes that different groups have different perspectives but ultimately it privileges consensus
What can be found on Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Sensing/Intuition (S/N) Thinking/Feeling (T/F)
Psychologist most associated with the psychodynamic approach to personality?
Sigmund Freud
Rate Buster
Sub-Culture of a worker who produced at too high a rate
Organizations may use a variety of expansion techniques to extend their activities globally. When one organization hires another organization to perform a particular process of service on its behalf, it is known as:
Subcontracting
Which of the following countries is the most 'feminine' on Hofstede's (1986) dimensions?
Sweden lol
In Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid (1985) what description is given to a leadership style that has a high concern for both people and production?
Team MGMT
Personality is...
The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character
Content Theories of Motivation Suggest...
The content of work should be designed so as best to meet the needs which motivate workers
Power distance describes
The degree of social separation from senior positions
Kurt Lewin's (1939) leadership styles have become one of the most popular accounts of how leadership is conducted. Under the autocratic leadership style
The leader largely dictates what the group does
A Panopticon is a prison with cells arranged around a central area so that prisoners can be seen at all times. Foucault (1977) compared the modern workplace to a panopticon because of:
The power and control that comes from surveillance The role of computers and technology
French and Raven bases of power
The power to fire people is coercive power
Deal and Kennedy Typology
Tough-Guy Macho, Hard/Play Hard, Process Culture, Bet-Your-Company Culture
Great Man theory of leadership (Carlyle, 1840) is closely related to
Trait Theory
Burns says that leaders who inspire their followers to higher goals are
Transformational Leaders
Bartlett and Ghosal state that an org that benefits from high economies of scale through standardized control mechanisms across the world, but some differentiation in products or services to suit local markets is said to be
Trasnational
Horizontal differentiation describes the process whereby different parts of a hierarchy are grouped according to criteria such as function performed or the geographical area.
True
Adjourning
Tuckman Model of Group Formation where team is dissolved
Lewin's Three Phase Change Model (1947) consists of
Unfreezing, Movement, Refreezing
Jung's Theory about extroverts
Updating data on excel would be least appealing to an extrovert
Group Dynamics
Use of power and social networking within an organization to achieve changes that benefit or harm the organization or individual within is often called
Greatest happiness of the greatest number of people is the foundation of
Utilitarianism
Vroom's Theory Motivational Force Equals
V X I X E
The concept that employees should be developed to improve capabilities and therefore increase their perception that added effort will lead to improved performance is a workplace implication of
Vroom's Expectancy Theory
Iron cage of bureaucracy describes the concept where people feel trapped in routines and procedures. It is attributed to:
Weber
God's of Mgmt.
Zeus, Hercules, Dionysus, and Apollo
Which of the following are French and Raven's (1958) five bases of power?
a. Expert b. Coercive d. Legitimate e. Reward RELEVANT IS NOT ONE OF THEM
Which of the following are King and Lawley's (2016) Continuums for Team Variety
a. Independent-to-interdependent continuum b. Formal-to- informal continuum c. Domestic-to-multinational continuum
Weber (2004) argued there are three ideal types of authority, which did he see as superior?
a. Rational-legal - based on formalised laws and regulation
Ethical Egoism states that
acting in one's own self-interest is the best thing to do because if we all did this then it would promote the maximum happiness overall
Vroom's Expectancy Theory states.
employees should be developed to improve abilities and therefore increase their perception that added effort will lead to improved performance.
The view which sees org culture as something the org is
means culture is seen as something that is owned and designed by the top mgmt and available for manipulation
"Risk shift" in group decision making refers to
tendency for people to take greater risks when in a group
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs first stage is
1)Physiological 2)Safety 3)Belonging 4)Esteem 5)Self-Actualization
Schedule Reinforcement
A blend of fixed and variable reinforcements designed so as best to to reinforce desirable behaviours
Group
A collection of people with a sense of shared identity and something in common but not a with a shared purpose
Operant Conditioning
A conditioning of behaviour which recognises that rewards and punishments do not need to be continuous but can be scheduled in a way to condition behaviour
Mission Statement
A formal summary of the aims and values and aspirations of a company, organization, or individual
The term "global village" refers to:
A perceived shrinking of the globe and increased sense of global proximity due to the effects of transport and communications technologies
In Tuckman's (1965 and 1977) model of group formation the stage where the team is dissolved either because the task is complete or the membership changes is called`
Adjourning
Jokes and Stories offer...
An way to communicate things that maybe otherwise you could not acceptably do Can be used to transmit values, particularly in ways that people can remember
Social-Radical Approach
Appreciates the effect measurement techniques and organizations themselves have on the personality of individuals.
Two or more people who are in face to face interaction, each aware of their membership in the group, and striving to accomplish assigned work tasks
Are a work group
Which of the following selection methods has the highest predictive validity
Assessment Centers
With respect to organizational culture, mission statements are tools that senior managers can use to change the espoused _____ of the organizational members.
Beliefs
Deal and Kennedy (1982) argue there are four main cultural types. Under their typology, a pharmaceutical company engaged in long term research and development would fit which of the following cultures
Bet-Your-Company Culture
Which of the following is not an approach to business ethics?
Biographical ethics
