MGMT Exam 1
companies should view whistleblowers as _________________
assets to be valued
general environment includes
sociocultural trends, economy, political trends, technology
three-step process to make sense of changing environment
1. environment scanning 2. interpreting environmental factors 3. acting on threats and opportunities
according to Linda hill's study, after a year on the job most managers became comfortable with all of the following except:
being a doer
the question "would you ever consider buying something that has be stolen?" appeared on the _________________________
overt integrity test
according to research, there is __________________ relationship between being socially responsible and economic performance that strengthens with corporate reputation.
a small, positive relationship
a company using a(n) ____________________________ strategy will accept responsibility for a problem and take a progressive approach by doing all that could be expected to solve the problem
accommodative
suppose that a company finds out that its actions have caused a major environmental hazard, such as a large oil spill. if the company adopts the ________________________, you might expect it to deny that the hazard exists or that they were responsible for causing it.
accommodative strategy
effectiveness
accomplishing tasks that help fulfill an organizations objectives
PETA is a strong ________________ that dramatically reduced the use of animal testing in the cosmetics industry.
advocacy group
all of these are reasons managers use environmental scanning except:
although it cannot help managers detect changes and problems before they become crises, it can help understand why crisis happened
________________ are managers who made it all the way to the top of their companies.
arrivers
which of the following is not one of the four decision making factors that are used to help employees determine how they should respond to problems and ethical situations. attitude last resort need proximity
attitude
ethical responsibility
be ethical. do what is right, avoid harm.
economic responsibility
be profitable
managers initial expectations
be the boss, have formal authority, manage tasks, job is not managing people
information is a key part of management work for all of the following reasons except:
because it gives power to managers
changing organizational culture
behavioral addition, behavioral substitution, change visible artifacts
when trying to make economic predictions, managers often rely on ______________________________ rather than economic statistics such as gross domestic product (GDP) and personal income (PI).
business confidence indices
______________________ show how confident managers are about future business growth
business confidence issues
according to jeffery pfeffer, managers in top performing companies used all of the following ideas to achieve financial performance that on average was forty percent higher that of other companies except:
centralization
top level managers
ceo, coo, cfo, cio, vice president, corporate head
a manager's ______________________________ can be helpful in interpreting the relationship between environmental events and organizational actions.
cognitive map
accommodative strategy
company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all that society expects to solve that problem
defensive strategy
company admits responsibility for a problem but does the least required to meet societal expectations
proactive strategy
company anticipates a problem before it occurs and does more than society's expectations
reactive strategy
company does less than society expects
specific environment includes
competition, customers, suppliers, industry regulation, advocacy groups, organization
a _______________ involves identifying your competitors, anticipating their moves, and determining their strengths and weaknesses.
competitive analysis
a _______________________________ involves a systematic review of companies that have the potential to steal your customers.
competitive analysis
____________________ is how much an act affects the average person
concentration of effect
discretionary responsibility
contribute to the community; be a good corporate citizen
in the liaison role, managers:
deal with people outside their units
organizing
deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, who will work for whom
planning
determining organizational goals and means for achieving them
_____________________ responsibilities pertain to the social roles that businesses play in society beyond their economic, legal, and ethical responsibilities:
discretionary
overt integrity tests work because dishonest people believe that ________________________
dishonest behavior is normal
it usually ____________________ pay to be socially responsible, and that relationship becomes _________________ particularly when a company and its products have a strong reputation for social responsibility.
does;stronger
levels of responsibility from bottom to top of triangle
economic responsibility legal responsibility ethical responsibility discretionary responsibility
the U.S. sentencing commission guidelines cover all of the following except: conflicts of interest employee wages price fixing invasion of privacy
employee wages
decisional roles
entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator
the rate of ______________ influences the speed at which companies and industries evolve
environmental change
__________________ is how well managers can understand or predict he external changes and trends affecting their businesses.
environmental uncertainty
in the United States, as in many other countries, people exhibit _______________ when they treat others with kindness and respect
ethical behavior
interpersonal roles
figurehead, leader, liaison
a(n) __________________________ environment consists of the economy and the technological, sociocultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations.
general
middle managers
general manager, plant manager, regional manager, divisional manager
type of external environments
general, specific
efficiency is:
getting work done with a minimum effort
____________ skills involve the ability to work well with others
human
having this kind of skill is important for all levels of managers
human skills
under which of the following conditions will codes of ethics be less effective?
if people who violate the codes are not punished
simple environment
includes few factors
complex environment
includes many factors
after six months as a manager
initial expectations were wrong, fast pace, heavy workload, jobs is to be problem-solver and troubleshooter for subordinates
there are four kind of managers, each with different jobs and responsibilities. these kinds of managers include all of the following except:
inside out managers
leading
inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals
postconventional
internalized principles
organizing:
is deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom in the company
_________________ responsibility is a company's social responsibility to obey society's laws and regulations as it tries to meet its economic responsibilities
legal
once an organization has fulfilled its economic responsibility, it must turn to its ______________________________, making sure that it follows the rules and guidelines set forth by the society in which it operates
legal responsibility
political/legal component involves
legislation, regulations, court decisions
______________________ is the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision
magnitude of consequence
an unethical decision that harms 10,000 people has a greater _______________________________________ than an unethical decision that harms 5 people
magnitude of consequences
stakeholder model
management's most important responsibility is long-term survival
informational roles
monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
controlling
monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed
in the leader role, managers:
motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives
after a year as a manager
no longer a "doer", communicating, listening, and giving positive reinforcement, learning to adapt to and control stress, job is people development
legal responsibility
obey the law
which of the following is not one of the four strategies used in the model of social responsiveness?
offensive
first-line managers
office manager, shift supervisor, department manager
shareholder model
organization's overriding goal should be profit maximization for the benefit of shareholders
___________________________ determines "how we do things around here" based on shared values, beliefs, and attitudes.
organizational culture
____________________ are used to make sense of organizational events and changes to emphasize culturally consistent assumptions, decisions, and actions
organizational stories
which of the following arguments support the need for companies to adopt positions of social responsibility?
organizations are responsible for acting as good citizens in the society in which they operate; organizations have the knowledge and resources to do good in the community, so they are responsible for helping others.
which type of tests estimate a job applicants' honesty by asking them directly what they think or feel about theft or punishment of unethical behavior
overt integrity test
after making the transition into management, most managers finally realize that ____________ management was the most important part of their job.
people
over the years, the one thing that hasn't changed about what companies need to be successful is good ___________________ and good ______________________.
people, management
according to Fayol, managers need to perform five managerial functions to be successful. these functions include all of the following except:
performing
the consumers who insists on buying fair trade coffee because society as a whole is better off when everyone is paid fairly for their work is in the ___________________ of moral development
post conventional level
levels of conventional behavior
preconventional conventional postconventional
____________________ monitoring of customers means identifying and addressing customer needs, trends, and issues before they occur
proactive
Nestlè, Cadbury, and Hershey's have all been affected by _________________ organized by advocacy groups wanting people to stop buying chocolate because cocoa plantations use child labor.
product boycotts
in war, one way of reducing _______________________ is to use derogatory names for the enemy, which distances soldiers from the individuals they have to kill.
proximity of effect
advocacy techniques include
public communications, media advocacy, product boycotts
advocacy techniques include:
public communications, media advocacy, product boycotts
dynamic environment
rapid rate of change
customer component involves
reactive customer monitoring, proactive customer monitoring
Which of the following is not one of the four basic characteristics of changing external environments? resource allocation environmental complexity uncertainty environmental changes
resource allocation
when an organization finds it difficult to get the supplies needed to make products, it is operating under conditions of __________________________
resource scarcity
_____________________ is the process of gathering information about job applicants to decide who should be offered a job.
selection
preconventional
self interest
a company is operating in a ________________ when its business is affected by very few environmental factors
simple environment
stable environment
slow rate of change
the ______________________________ around the ethics of killing another human being is high-people generally agree that such behavior is wrong.
social consensus
_____________ refers to a business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society.
social responsibility
companies practice ____________________ by engaging in fair hiring practices that benefit everyone.
social responsibility
a company's level of ________________________ can be measured by determining whether it fulfills its economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities
social responsiveness
conventional
societal expectations
comprised of customers, competitors, suppliers, industry regulations, and advocacy groups, the _______________________________ influences specific companies and industries.
specific environment
the company's _______________ allowed it to continue using established business practices and still remains competitive
stable environment
having an interest in the actions of an organization makes you one of its ___________________
stakeholders
thirty five percent of CEO's are eventually fired because of their inability to:
successfully change their companies
companies with high _________________________ rely on a very small number of people or companies to supply them with resources
supplier dependence
supplier component involves
supplier dependence, buyer dependence, opportunistic behavior, relationship behavior
team leaders
team leader, team contact, group facilitator
technical skills are most important for this level of manager
team leaders
technical skills are most important for:
team leaders
uncertainty
the extent to which managers can understand or predict which environmental changes and trends will affect their businesses
organizational culture
the key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of the organization
_____________________ holds that the only social responsibility that businesses have is to maximize profits
the shareholder model
internal environment
the trends and events within an organization that affect the management, employees, and organizational culture
managers view environmental events as either _____________ or ___________
threats, opportunities
kinds of managers
top level, middle level, first level, team leader
motivation to manage skills are most important to this level of managers
top manager
conceptual skills are most important for this level of manager
top managers
_______________________ management behavior occurs when managers personally violate accepted principles of right and wrong
unethical
by changing the ___________________________ of a company's old culture, such as dress codes and office layouts, managers can start to implement a new culture.
visible artifacts
the number one mistake made by dereailers was that they:
were insensitive to other by virtue of their abrasive, intimidating, and bullying management style
the law uses the ___________________________ approach to encourage ethical behavior in companies
whistle-blowing
