MGNT 3600 Exam 4
The best possible response to the use of power is ____, while the worst is _______
Compliance; resistance
When using flextime, the hours of the day when everyone must work are called
Core
The pairing of manners and workers in the Leader-Member Exchange Theory are known as:
Dyads
The University of Michigan studies of leadership effectiveness found that the most effective leaders
Employ both task-oriented and relationship-oriented behaviors
The examination of input-output ratios, employee contributions, and perception of fairness is most associated with______Theory.
Equity
"I did that part right there" describes what component of the Job characteristics Model?
Task identity
Maslow's hierarchy lists the needs people strive to fill, with the most basic needs at the top.
True
Most behavioral models of leadership boil down to being task or people-focused.
True
One of the biggest takeaways of the Situational Leadership theory is that the management style we use in a particular setting depends on worker skills (ability) and dedication level (attitude).
True
The Job Characteristics Model identifies five important characteristics that determine a job's potential to motivate.
True
In Expectancy Theory, each potential outcome has a value or importance to the individual, which is called.
Valence
When explaining employee motivation through Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following represents a motivational factor?
Wages
"Valence" in Expectancy Theory refers to what?
Whether we feel the reward has value
According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is a hygiene or maintenance factor?
Working conditions
A compressed workweek allows a company to take advantage of the skills of two people in performing the job.
False
All groups are teams, but not all teams are groups.
False
An advantage of groups over individuals is that they make faster decisions
False
Equity Theory says that someone will be motivated if they are paid a lot.
False
Goals are much more effective if they are easy to achieve.
False
If we threaten to spank our child when he is misbehaving in the store, we are using coercive power' if we actually spank him, we are using negative reinforcement.
False
In Expectancy Theory, three basic variables influence employee motivation: choice, expectancy, and valence.
False
It has been said that leadership influences the brain, while management encourages the heart and spirit.
False
Leadership and management are the same thing.
False
Ohio State University studies identified two dimensions of leadership behavior, which they called task-oriented behaviors and relationship-oriented behaviors.
False
Research on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)theory has found that in-group members perform more poorly, have lower levels of satisfaction, have higher turnover, and are promoted more slowly than out group members.
False
When forming a team for a school class project, it is most important to start by getting our friends, since we get along well with them.
False
Alderfer's ERG theory classified needs into which three categories:
(E)xistence, (R)elatedness, and (G)rowth
9. Which model of leadership is summarized by the statement "practice what you preach"?
Authentic
Groups with diverse membership may take longer to become cohesive but are likely to be more productive in the long run.
True
What is flextime?
A work schedule that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times as long as they are at work during a specified time period
According to David McClelland, an individual's desire for goals that are well defined and moderately difficult is the need for
Achievement
According to David McClelland, the desire to work with others in the organization rather than alone is the need for
Affiliation
_____Theory states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it.
Expectancy
___theory states that the extent to which people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness of the rewards they will receive in exchange.
Expectancy
Medical doctors and car repairmen are seen by many to have _____power.
Expert
One of the three basic variables in expectancy theory is the individual's expectation that performing a task will lead to a desired outcome, which is called
Instrumentality
8. What name is given to a description of how leaders develop "unique" working relationships with each of their employees, based on the nature of their social exchanges?
Leader-member exchange (LMX) Theory
Which type of power comes directly from the title that you hold:
Legitimate
The stage in group development in which members begin to assert their roles, jockey for leadership, and make their thoughts and feelings known about the task is
Norming
Two schools which did competing studies on leadership were:
Ohio State and University of Michigan
In the Job Characteristics Model, which of the following is NOT a characteristic that determines a job's potential to motivate?
Pay Level
7. Based on Maslow's hierarchy, a homeless person will most likely work toward fulfilling which of the following needs?
Physiological
______power results when one person identifies with and admires another.
Referent
According to Robert Greenleaf, leaders who try to ensure that the highest priorities of their flowers are met and who help followers to grow are ______leaders.
Servant
A great deal of research into group decision making suggests that the ideal group size is ______
Seven
In Equity Theory, we compare ourselves to other people.
True
"Glass walls" are artificial barriers that prevent women and other minorities from attaining upper-level management positions in an organization.
True
A number of studies suggest the proper leadership style depends on the situation.
True
An example of negative reinforcement is lifting a curfew on our child when they improve their grade.
True
David McClelland's achievements theory categorized needs according to achievement, affiliation, and power.
True
