MGNT 3600 Exam 4

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The best possible response to the use of power is ____, while the worst is _______

Compliance; resistance

When using flextime, the hours of the day when everyone must work are called

Core

The pairing of manners and workers in the Leader-Member Exchange Theory are known as:

Dyads

The University of Michigan studies of leadership effectiveness found that the most effective leaders

Employ both task-oriented and relationship-oriented behaviors

The examination of input-output ratios, employee contributions, and perception of fairness is most associated with______Theory.

Equity

"I did that part right there" describes what component of the Job characteristics Model?

Task identity

Maslow's hierarchy lists the needs people strive to fill, with the most basic needs at the top.

True

Most behavioral models of leadership boil down to being task or people-focused.

True

One of the biggest takeaways of the Situational Leadership theory is that the management style we use in a particular setting depends on worker skills (ability) and dedication level (attitude).

True

The Job Characteristics Model identifies five important characteristics that determine a job's potential to motivate.

True

In Expectancy Theory, each potential outcome has a value or importance to the individual, which is called.

Valence

When explaining employee motivation through Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following represents a motivational factor?

Wages

"Valence" in Expectancy Theory refers to what?

Whether we feel the reward has value

According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is a hygiene or maintenance factor?

Working conditions

A compressed workweek allows a company to take advantage of the skills of two people in performing the job.

False

All groups are teams, but not all teams are groups.

False

An advantage of groups over individuals is that they make faster decisions

False

Equity Theory says that someone will be motivated if they are paid a lot.

False

Goals are much more effective if they are easy to achieve.

False

If we threaten to spank our child when he is misbehaving in the store, we are using coercive power' if we actually spank him, we are using negative reinforcement.

False

In Expectancy Theory, three basic variables influence employee motivation: choice, expectancy, and valence.

False

It has been said that leadership influences the brain, while management encourages the heart and spirit.

False

Leadership and management are the same thing.

False

Ohio State University studies identified two dimensions of leadership behavior, which they called task-oriented behaviors and relationship-oriented behaviors.

False

Research on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)theory has found that in-group members perform more poorly, have lower levels of satisfaction, have higher turnover, and are promoted more slowly than out group members.

False

When forming a team for a school class project, it is most important to start by getting our friends, since we get along well with them.

False

Alderfer's ERG theory classified needs into which three categories:

(E)xistence, (R)elatedness, and (G)rowth

9. Which model of leadership is summarized by the statement "practice what you preach"?

Authentic

Groups with diverse membership may take longer to become cohesive but are likely to be more productive in the long run.

True

What is flextime?

A work schedule that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times as long as they are at work during a specified time period

According to David McClelland, an individual's desire for goals that are well defined and moderately difficult is the need for

Achievement

According to David McClelland, the desire to work with others in the organization rather than alone is the need for

Affiliation

_____Theory states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it.

Expectancy

___theory states that the extent to which people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness of the rewards they will receive in exchange.

Expectancy

Medical doctors and car repairmen are seen by many to have _____power.

Expert

One of the three basic variables in expectancy theory is the individual's expectation that performing a task will lead to a desired outcome, which is called

Instrumentality

8. What name is given to a description of how leaders develop "unique" working relationships with each of their employees, based on the nature of their social exchanges?

Leader-member exchange (LMX) Theory

Which type of power comes directly from the title that you hold:

Legitimate

The stage in group development in which members begin to assert their roles, jockey for leadership, and make their thoughts and feelings known about the task is

Norming

Two schools which did competing studies on leadership were:

Ohio State and University of Michigan

In the Job Characteristics Model, which of the following is NOT a characteristic that determines a job's potential to motivate?

Pay Level

7. Based on Maslow's hierarchy, a homeless person will most likely work toward fulfilling which of the following needs?

Physiological

______power results when one person identifies with and admires another.

Referent

According to Robert Greenleaf, leaders who try to ensure that the highest priorities of their flowers are met and who help followers to grow are ______leaders.

Servant

A great deal of research into group decision making suggests that the ideal group size is ______

Seven

In Equity Theory, we compare ourselves to other people.

True

"Glass walls" are artificial barriers that prevent women and other minorities from attaining upper-level management positions in an organization.

True

A number of studies suggest the proper leadership style depends on the situation.

True

An example of negative reinforcement is lifting a curfew on our child when they improve their grade.

True

David McClelland's achievements theory categorized needs according to achievement, affiliation, and power.

True


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