MGT 341 Test 1
Immanuel Kant's principle, called the categorical imperative, requires that everyone be treated as
A free and equal person
The video we watched in class about the HealthSouth Corporation provided an example of how strong ethical leadership improved the overall performance of that firm. True or False
False
According to the dictionary, the term ethics has a variety of different meanings. One of its meanings is: The principles of conduct governing an individual or a group. True or False
True
Cost-benefit analysis is used to determine the desirability of investing in a project (such as a dam, factory, or public park) by figuring whether its present and future economic benefits outweigh its present and future economic costs. True or False
True
Enron evolved into a major commodity trader dealing in oil, gas, electricity, water and Internet space. True or False
True
Ethics is the discipline that examines one's moral standards, or the moral standards of a society. True or False
True
In Rawls theory of justice fairness and impartiality heavily rely on original position and a veil of ignorance. True or False
True
Intrinsic goods are things that are desired for their own sake, such as health and life.
True
Negative rights are defined entirely in terms of the duties others have not to interfere with you. True or False
True
Producing what the buying public wants may not be the same as producing what the entirety of society needs. The argument is essentially making a normative judgment on the basis of some assumed but unproved moral standards. True or False
True
Rule utilitarianism looks only at whether a particular action is required by the correct moral rule that everyone should follow. True or False
True
The "Loyal Agent Argument" states: An employer would want to be served in whatever ways will advance his or her self-interests. Therefore, as a loyal agent of his or her employer, the manager has a duty to serve his or her employer in whatever ways will advance the employer's self-interests. True or False
True
Utilitarianism characterizes the moral approach taken by Ford in the infamous Pinto case study. True or False
True
Utilitarianism is attractive to many because it matches the views we tend to hold when discussing governmental policies and public goods. True or False
True
Major problems with the utilitarian reliance on measurement include:
a) Comparative measures of the values things have for different people cannot be made; we cannot get into each others' skins to measure the pleasure or pain caused. c) The potential benefits and costs of an action cannot always be reliably predicted. E) a and c
To evaluate the adequacy of moral reasoning, ethicists employ the following criteria:
a. Moral reasoning must be logical. b. Factual evidence must be accurate, relevant, and complete. c. Moral standards must be consistent. ALL THE ABOVE
Moral standards can be distinguished from non-moral standards using the following characteristics
a. They deal with matters that can seriously injure or benefit humans. b. Are not established or changed by authoritative bodies. c. They are based on impartial considerations. ALL THE ABOVE
For retributive justice to be morally justified:
a. the person must have known and freely chose the action b. the person must have actually done something wrong c. the person's punishment must be consistent and in proportion to the wrong ALL THE ABOVE
Considerations to follow in determining what the moral thing to do might be are
a.You must determine what alternative actions are available. b. You must estimate the direct and indirect costs and benefits the action would produce for all involved in the foreseeable future. c. You must choose the alternative that produces the greatest sum total of utility. ALL THE ABOVE
Few businesses maintain that the socially responsible course to take is the utilitarian one with the lowest net costs. True or False
False
Lawrence Kohlberg identified twelve stages of moral development. True or False
False
Ethical relativism is the theory that, even though different societies may have different ethical beliefs, there is still a reasonable and rational method of determining whether an action is morally right or wrong other than by asking the people of that society what they believe. True or False
False
Though business ethics covers a variety of topics, three basic types of issues are:
Systematic, corporate and individual
In the Libertarian view of the nature of justice, any distribution of benefits and burdens is just if it is
based on free exchange between individuals
Ethical relativism is the theory that:
there is no rational way of determining whether an action is morally right or wrong other than by asking the people of that society what they believe.
