MGT Exam #2

True

When giving the sales pitch for the vacuum cleaners he sells door-to-door, Hamdan briefly mentions some of the negative aspects of the vacuum early on, knowing his customers will mostly remember the steam-cleaning demonstration he does at the end. Hamdan is relying on the recency effect to distort his customers' perceptions.

Valence

The HR manager told Stella that the company pays the total health insurance costs for a family of four. As a single woman, this benefit did not seem especially important to her right now. Here, Stella is low on the ________ element of expectancy theory.

False

The IT network that allows for the movement of organizational information within that company is known as the organizational structure.

False

The University of Calabasas senior leadership team had to quickly make a decision on whether to hold classes in-person or online due to COVID-19. Its president is known to be very people-oriented and avoids conflict as much as possible. Based on what you know about decision-making styles, the university president's style will be effective in this ambiguous situation.

False

The metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs is the steel curtain.

Implementation, Data Issues, and Cost

The toughest challenges to overcome with artificial intelligence are

False

Those with a high need for achievement may hesitate to make tough decisions that could cause others to become angry or resentful.

Informal

To be effective, a leader must understand the ________ aspects of the organization such as values, attitudes, and personalities.

False

To motivate employees, employers should focus on fulfilling each level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs in order from bottom to top.

False

To reduce the escalation of commitment, Marlee, the CEO, allows herself to be very influenced by the way a problem with her team is presented to her.

Transactional Leadership

What is a prerequisite to effective leadership?

Peer Pressure makes members agree with ideas of the other people in the group.

What is a sign that a group is suffering from groupthink?

Retrieval from memory

What is the last step of the perceptual process?

True

When brainstorming, you should go for quantity over quality.

Behavioral

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

Decision Tree

A ________ is a graph of decisions and their possible consequences.

observable artifacts

A company dress code and award ceremonies would be part of

True

A flight attendant expects travelers dressed in Hawaiian shirts and socks with sandals to be loud, arrogant, and entitled. Therefore, the flight attendant gives them poor service, and so gets the result he expected—an angry passenger. This scenario exemplifies a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Stability and Control

A hierarchy culture has an internal focus; it values ________ over flexibility.

False

A logic manager is someone trained about matters of ethics in the workplace.

Organization

A(n) ________ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

True

Abbas enjoys social settings, prefers to talk out problems, and has a direct conversational style. Abbas is an extrovert.

False

According to Chester I. Barnard, an organization is made up of at least one person who strives daily to achieve the organization's goals.

True

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, joining a leadership development group is an example of the self-actualization need.

Distributive

According to equity theory, which type of justice reflects the perceived fairness of how resources and rewards are distributed or allocated?

True

After a crisis, Bagel Bank hired Caitlin as its new CEO. Caitlin's interactions and behaviors as the new CEO will signal whether she intends to change the organizational culture.

Self-Actualization

An accounting firm reimburses employees for tuition and fees if they complete job-related coursework with a B or better. The accounting firm's tuition-reimbursement policy helps its employees meet their ________ needs.

True

Assuming they have choices, people will make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it.

Ryah has a wider span of control than Travis

At a local grocery store, Travis, the produce department manager, has eight direct reports in his department, while Rayah, the meat department manager, oversees 12 employees. Which of these statements about span of control is accurate?

False

Ayesha has worked at Merchant Mart for a few months and she has already been through the onboarding that all new hires complete. Thus, Ayesha's socialization for Merchant Mart is finished.

Reward

Bachiko congratulated her staff when the team received an industry award for their project, and also sent a companywide e-mail announcing it. Here, Bachiko is using her ________ power.

Motivation

Content and process are perspectives on

True

During a management workshop, Ishaan, the HR manager, spoke about making decisions related to firing an employee. He said, "I have several rules of thumb that I use to make a decision. First, I ask if it's legal and then if it's ethical." He then laid out several other steps he uses in the decision-making process related to firing. Ishaan's "rules of thumb" are also known as heuristics.

True

Employees who speak up with practical ideas, share their love of their work with others, help out their coworkers, and take care of the company's building and equipment are exhibiting organizational citizenship behaviors.

Hierarchy

Firms with ________ cultures are usually formalized with consistent processes and control mechanisms that measure efficiency and drive reliability.

False

For a company making advanced technology, with highly specialized components, a customer divisional structure would be more effective than a modular structure.

False

Gabrielle, the electronics department team leader at a local Target store, has a good working relationship with her employees. She believes in an open-door policy, and she encourages the open exchange of opinions in her department. Gabrielle utilizes the analytical style of management.

Decrease Turnover

Hiring for fit, providing quality onboarding, and offering great benefits are ways that companies can

Social Awareness

If you completed an online training to improve your empathy, you would be targeting which dimension of emotional intelligence?

False

Job enlargement enables workers to focus on doing more of the same task to increase productivity.

Intrinsic

Margot is a third grade teacher who spends time each afternoon tutoring students who need a little extra guidance. Margot also volunteers to read to the residents at a nursing home. Margot seems to seek ________ rewards.

False

Narcissistic leaders tend to bring out the best work behaviors in others.

Complainer

Noah is quick to point out all the reasons why something won't work, yet he seldom poses ways to resolve these problems. This can go on for days at a time. As his manager, you are working with him to accept developmental feedback. Because Noah is a ________, this might be challenging.

True

Octavia wants a job that she is good at and that she is happy to go to each day. Octavia would be well-served to understand a company's internal context before accepting a job offer.

Framing bias

Republican advertisements about Representative Charlie Williams, the Democratic candidate, portray him as lazy, dishonest, and poor at his job. At the same time, the Democratic ads for Charlie Williams describe him as a caring, honest, hard worker. The sponsors of these advertisements know that ads can affect whom voters choose on Election Day. The tendency of voters to be influenced by how a situation or problem is presented to them is an example of

False

Research shows that compensation is the most motivating factor for workers.

True

Research shows that most managers vary between two or three decision-making styles, and that decision-making styles vary across occupations, job level, and countries.

True

Role ambiguity occurs when a job description and criteria for promotion are vague.

explicitly stating values and norms preferred by her organization.

Sadiya, who owns a dance studio, consistently reminds her employees that dance lessons are a luxury for customers, so they should be both informative and fun. By making these statements, Sadiya is

Organizational Commitment

Sophie manages the nursing staff at a hospital. She really wants the nurses to view working for the hospital as an important part of their identity. Sophie knows that strong ________ leads to lower turnover and more organizational citizenship behaviors.

Big data

Stores of data that are so vast that conventional database management systems cannot handle them, and very sophisticated analysis software and supercomputing-level hardware are required, are known as ________. These data include not only data in corporate databases but also web-browsing data trails, social network communications, sensor data, and surveillance data.

False

Undocumented immigrants make up about 20 percent of the U.S. workforce.

Enrichment

When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, the store implemented a job ________ technique.

Nonrational

Which models of decision making describe how managers actually make decisions?

The work itself

Which of the following is a motivating factor according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?

True

Willow, the youngest owner of a family-owned restaurant, wants to make sure her company's culture is embedded. In a recent tradeshow workshop, she learned that she can do this by having company rites and rituals, continuing to tell stories about company legends, and being a role model to her employees.

False

Ximena, who manages a public pool, suspended four lifeguards when she caught them sleeping at their stations. Ximena was using the reward power pursuant to her managerial position.

True

YoLanda, an account manager, sets her own work schedule and decides which tasks are priorities that will help meet her goals. YoLanda's job has a high level of autonomy.

Ethics Officer

Zahra, the human resources manager, has significant experience handling ethical issues in the workplace. Over the years she has received extensive training in matters of workplace ethics. Due to Zahra's legal background (she is a member of the state bar association), the management of her company rely on Zahra to assist them with legal issues, especially with ethical dilemmas. Her organization should appoint Zahra as the

Boundaryless organization

is fluid and highly adaptive and whose members come together to collaborate on common tasks.