MGT Final short answer

CS6 What are the hygiene factors, or dissatisfiers, that Donovan can influence include?

Hygiene factors include working conditions, pay, company policies, and interpersonal relationships. when hygiene factors are poor, work is dissatisfying.

CS5 Gender differences:

Women tend to have a more interactive leadership style; female managers score significantly higher than men on abilities such as motivating others, fostering communication, and listening

List the three most common types of employment tests that organizations may use to select employees.

· Intelligence tests · Aptitude and ability tests · Personality inventories

Dimensions used in Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid

Concern for people and concern for productivity

Describe the three categories of horizontal communication.

● Intradepartmental problem solving: among members of the same department ● interdepartmental coordination: facilitate the accomplishment of joint projects or tasks ● Change initiatives and improvements: Designed to share information among teams and departments that can help the organization change, grow, and improve.

CS4 What factor affecting a woman's career would account for Gloria's contemplating leaving to focus her energy on parenting her three children.

● OPT Out

CS5 Leadership characteristics:

● Physical: energy and stamina ● Intelligence and ability: intelligence, cognitive ability, knowledge, judgement, decisiveness ● Personality: self confident, honest, integrity, enthusiasm, desire to lead, independence ● Social: sociability, interpersonal skills, cooperativeness, ability to enlist cooperation, tact, diplomacy ● Work-related: achievement drive, desire to excel, conscientousness in pursuit of goals, persistence against obstacles, tenacity ● Social background: education, mobility

CS5 Power sources:

● Position power: Legitimate power, Reward power, Coercive power ● Personal power: Expert power, Referent power

List the five types of upward communication

● Problems and exceptions ● Suggestions for improvement ● Performance reports ● Grievances and disputes ● Financial and accounting information

CS1 THE CURRENT DEPARTMENTALIZATION OF JAVIER'S NEW DIVISION CAN BE CHARACTERIZED PRIMARILY AS...?

● Vertical functional

CS2 WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF A CREATIVE MANAGER WOULD HELP JAIMIE?

● Characteristics are: Conceptual fluency/Open-mindedness; Originality; Less authority/Independence/Self-confidence; Playfulness/Curiosity; Persistence/Commitment/Focus ○ A few characteristics that could help Jaimie would be conceptual fluency and open-mindedness, self-confidence, and curiosity to help facilitate open channels of communication, allow her employees to challenge her and explain their opinions, and allow the freedom to discuss ideas.

CS3 What HR management goal will Gregory apply in training employees for the new positions?

● Developing employees into an effective workforce

List the three formal communication channels found in organizations.

● Downward ● Upward ● Horizontal

In what ways do plans and goals benefit an organization?

- Goals define and state the purpose of the organization while plans are the necessary steps an organization needs to take in order to achieve the goals. The plan also specifies the necessary resource allocations, schedules, tasks, and other actions. - Goals specify future ends; plans specify today's means

CS6 Donovan understands that perceived inequity creates tensions within individuals that motivate them to bring equity back into balance, and one of his production supervisors feels that she is underpaid. What are the common methods for reducing perceived inequity?

1. Change inputs 2. Change outcomes 3. Distort perceptions 4. Leave the job

List the four steps in attracting an effective workforce.

1. HR Planning- managers or HRM professionals predict the need for new employees based on types of vacancies that exist 2. Use recruiting procedures to communicate with potential applicants 3. Select from the applicants those persons believed to be the best potential contributors to the organization 4. Welcome the new employee to the organization

Describe the concept of channel richness, specify the richest channel, and explain why it is so rich.

Channel richness refers to the amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode. Face to Face contact is the richest channel because it permits direct experience, multiple information cues, immediate feedback, and personal focus

What is downward communication and what are five topics generally included with downward communication?

Downward communication refers to the messages and information sent from top management to subordinates in a downward direction. ● Implementation of goals and strategies ● Job instructions and rationale ● Procedures and practices ● Performance feedback ● Indoctrination

CS6 What are the motivator factors, or satisfiers, that Donovan can change and influence?

Motivators include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and opportunity for growth. When motivators are absent, workers are neutral toward work, but when motivators are present, workers are highly motivated and satisfied.

Define nonverbal communication and briefly discuss its importance to communicating in organizations.

Nonverbal communication refers to messages sent through human actions and behaviors rather than words. it is important because nonverbal messages and body language often convey our real thoughts and feelings with greater force than our words.

Types of personal power

Personal power most often comes from internal sources, such as an individual's special knowledge or personal characteristics. Personal power is the primary tool of a leader. Two types: Expert power - power resulting from a person's special knowledge or skill regarding the tasks being performed Referent power - comes from an individual's personal characteristics that command others' identification, respect, and admiration so they wish to emulate that individual

Briefly describe the communication process.

The process by which information is exchanged and understood by two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior.

Compare the four levels of goals and plans.

o Operational Goals/Plans; Lower Management (Departments, individuals): identify the specific procedures or processes needed at lower levels of the organization, such as individual departments and employees o Tactical; Middle MGT (Major divisions, functions): focus on major actions the division must take to fulfill its part in the strategic plan o Strategic; Senior MGT (Organization as a whole): reflect a commitment to both organizational efficiency and effectiveness o Mission Statement: What the organization stands for and its reason for existence; symbol of legitimacy

Explain the difference between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions and give an example of each.

o Programmed: Recurring (ex. = the decision to reorder paper and other office supplies when inventories drop to a certain level) o Nonprogrammed: Unique situations; Poorly defined; Unstructured; Important consequences (ex. = building a new factory, develop a new product, enter a new market, or relocate headquarters to another city)

List the most frequently used selection devices.

· Application form - Collect info about an applicant's education, job experience, and other background characteristics. · Interview - 2 way communication channel that allows both the organization and applicant to collect info that would otherwise be difficult to obtain · Employment test - A written or computer-based test designed to measure a particular attribute such as intelligence or aptitude · Assessment center - Used for selecting individuals with high managerial potential based on their performance on a series of simulated managerial tasks.

List the advantages of the virtual network structure.

· Can draw on expertise worldwide · Highly flexible and responsive · Reduced overhead costs

List the five specific tactics that can be used to overcome employee resistance to change.

· Communication and education · Participation · Negotiation · Coercion · Top management support

List three disadvantages of the divisional structure.

· Duplication of resources across divisions · Less technical depth and specialization · Poor coordination across divisions

What are some innovative approaches that managers can use to recruit the right people?

· Getting referrals from current employees, social media, and search among the membership of relevant trade groups

List the four reasons why employees tend to resist change.

· Self Interest · Lack of understanding and trust · Uncertainty · Different assessments and goals

List the three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change.

· Unfreezing- awareness of problems · Changing- experiment with new workplace behavior · Refreezing- acquire a desired new skill or attitude and are rewarded for it

List the five approaches to departmentalization.

· Vertical Functional (grouping of positions into depts. based on similar skills, expertise, and resource use) · Divisional (depts. are grouped based on similar organizational outputs) · Matrix (uses functional and divisional) · Team-based (entire organization is made up of horizontal teams that coordinate their activities and work directly with customers to accomplish the organization's goals) · Network (disaggregates major functions to separate companies that are brokered by a small headquarters organization)

Compare decision conditions of certainty, risk, uncertainty, and ambiguity.

• Certainty - situation in which all information is fully available • Uncertainty occurs when information about alternatives and future events is incomplete • Ambiguity involves unclear alternatives and managers have conflict about alternatives • Risk - the future outcomes associated with an alternative are subject to chance

CS2 HOW MIGHT JAIMIE OVERCOME RESISTANCE?

○ Communication and education- especially important with technical changes ○ Top management support- shows that the change is important for the organization

CS2 IN PLANNING A NEW SYSTEM, WHY MIGHT JAIMIE FACE RESISTANCE FROM HIS EMPLOYEES?

○ Self interest (changes in technology may lead to a real or perceived loss of power, prestige, pay, or company benefits) ○ Different assessments and goals (managers from each dept. pursue different goals, and the innovation may detract from performance and goal achievement for some depts.)

CS2 WHAT ARE THE ROLES IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE THAT WOULD HELP JAIMIE?

● 4 roles of organizational change are: Inventor- develops & understands technical aspects of idea, Champion- Believes in idea/visualizes benefits/Obtains support, Sponsor- high level/removes organizational barriers/approves & protects idea within organization, Critic- Provides reality test/looks for shortcomings ● The roles that would help Jaimie: Champion and sponsor

CS4 If Gloria were to form a women's leadership group to help other women at Sarah's Sharks advance within the company, with membership within the group will being voluntary and open to anyone, the group would best be described as?

● Employment network group

CS3 What selection method/tool could Gregory use to select high-potential individuals

● Gregory could begin with an application form in order to see which people have potential for becoming one of his employees. Then, he could conduct interviews to collect further information. After narrowing down the potential candidates he can use either employment tests or assessment centers, depending on which characteristics are more important to him and his company.

Describe the difference between centralized networks and decentralized networks

● In a centralized network, team members must communicate through one individual to solve problems or make decisions while in a decentralized network individuals can communicate freely with other team members

CS4 What methods could Gloria use to achieve success through diversity by accommodating employees' special needs?

● Provide structures to deal with child care, maternity/paternity leave, flexible work schedule, telecommuting, part time employment, seasonal hours that reflect the school year

CS1 WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN DECIDING THE NEW DIVISION'S LEVEL OF CENTRALIZATION?

● What will be the best way to reach the organizations strategy

CS1 WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN DETERMINING JAVIER'S SPAN OF MANAGEMENT?

● Whether or not the supervisor must be closely involved with subordinates, which would mean that that there should be less employees reporting to the supervisor ● If the supervisors need little involvement with subordinates, it can be large.