Microbiology Connect Chapter 4

_______ Manual of Systematic Bacteriology is a manual of bacterial descriptions and classifications

Bergey's

Bacterial endospores are not produced by Staphylococcus Sporosarcina Bacillus Clostridium All of the choices are correct

Staphylococcus

If you observe rod shaped, pink cells on a slide that had just been gram stained, you can assume that their cell walls contain endotoxin

True

The bacterial chromosome is located in the cell membrane contains all the cell's plasmids is part of the nucleoid forms a single linear strand of DNA All of the choices are correct

is part of the nucleoid

Bacteria with small bunches of flagella emerging from the same site are said to be lophotrichous peritrichous monotrichous amphitrichous spirilla

lophotrichous

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is amphitrichous atrichous lophotrichous monotrichous peritrichous

peritrichous

Which term is not used to describe bacterial cell shapes? coccus tetrad vibrio rod spirochete

tetrad

In the Gram stain, the mordant is Crystal Violet Safranin Alcohol Water Iodine

Iodine

Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

False

Please select all of the statements that are true about endospores 1. Bacterial endospores are highly resistant to heat, drying, and radiation 2. Endospores are only found in the environment and are not medically relevant 3. Endospores can exist in the environment for indefinite periods of time 4. Endospores resist boiling and therefore steam must be used to destroy endospores present in food 5. Endospores can be formed by an genus of bacteria

1. Bacterial endospores are highly resistant to heat, drying, and radiation 3. Endospores can exist in the environment for indefinite periods of time 4. Endospores resist boiling and therefore steam must be used to destroy endospores present in food

Please order the following choices to reflect the generalized anatomy of bacterial cells with "1" being the innermost cell component and "4" being the outermost cell component Glycocalyx Cell Wall Cytoplasmic Matrix Cell Membrane

1. Cytoplasmic Matrix 2. Cell Membrane 3. Cell Wall 4. Glycocalyx

Please match the cell components with the type of cell where it is found. If the component is found in both gram-positive and gram-negative cells, select "Both gram-positive and gram-negative cells" 1. Teichoic Acid 2. Lipopolsaccharide; outer membrane 3. Peptidoglycan; cell membrane

1. Gram-Positive 2. Gram-Negative 3. Both

Match the cell component with its role in the cell 1. Chromosome 2. Plasmid 3. Ribosome 4. Cytoskeleton 5. Inclusion Bodies 6. Granules

1. The structure which contains the essential DNA of the cell 2. The structure which contains the nonessential DNA of the cell 3. Composed of RNA and protein, this structure synthesizes new proteins 4. This structure is a network of proteins polymers that helps stabilize the shape of the cell from within 5. This structure stores nutrients during periods of ample resources to compensate for times when nutrients are scarce 6. This structure stores inorganic compounds, such as sulfur and polyphosphate

Please match the cell component with the statement that most accurately describes it to test your understanding of the glycocalyx, the different firms and their important functions 1. Glycocalyx 2. Slime Layer 3. Capsule

1. This is the general term which describes all the various coatings covering the surface of the cell 2. This loosely attached, thin mucoid layer protects the cell from drying out or losing nutrients 3. This layer of polysaccharides an/or proteins tightly bound to the cell and contributes to the cell's pathogenicity

Please match the terms related to flagella with the statement that most accurately describes them to test your understanding of the attachment patterns of bacterial flagella and axial flagella 1. Polar 2. Monotrichous 3. Lophotrichous 4. Amphitrichous 5. Peritrichous

1. This type of flagella can be found at either or both ends of a cell 2. This pattern has one flagellum attached at one end of the cell 3. This pattern has groups of flagella all originating from the same point on the cell 4. This pattern has flagella at both poles of the cell 5. This pattern consists of flagella randomly distributed around the cell

Endospores are metabolically inactive resistant to heat and chemical destruction resistant to destruction by radiation living structures All of the choices are correct

All of the choices are correct

Please select all of the following which are found in all cells regardless of cell type Cell Membrane Cell Wall Cytoplasm DNA Organelles

Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, and DNA

Movement of a cell toward a chemical stimulus is termed _______

Chemotaxis

Please select all of the following which are contents of the cell cytoplasm Chromosome Ribosome Water Glycocalyx Fimbriae

Chromosome Ribosome Water

What is the correct sequence for a Gram stain?

Crystal Violent, Gram's Iodine, Alcohol, Safranin

The region between the bacterial cell membrane and the cell wall is called the outer membrane

False

The term diplocci refers to an irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells

False

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is Myobacterium Mycoplasma Streptococcus Corynebacterium Salmonella

Myobacterium

Which of the following characteristics is not a property of cells or living things? Cell boundary Ability to reproduce Nucleus Responds to stimulus All of the choices are correct

Nucleus

All bacterial cells have a chromosome fimbriae endospores capsules flagella

a chromosome

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the cell's ribosomes inclusions cell wall cell membrane flagella

cell wall

Peptidoglycan is a unique marcomolecule found in bacterial cell walls cell membranes capsules slime layers inclusions

cell walls

Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages, except flagella cilia fimbriae periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) sex pili

cilia

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure? cell wall capsule slime layer nucleoid endospore

endospore

The cell _____is the external covering that lies outside of the cell cytoplasm and is composed of the cell membrane and the cell ______.

envelope, wall

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called flagella cilia fimbriae periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) sex pili

fimbriae

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis probably has fimbriae capsule mesosomes flagella metachromatic granules

flagella

The function of bacterial endospore is to convert gaseous nitrogen to a usable form for plants for reproduction and growth for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions the storage of excess cell materials to has sites for photosynthesis

for protection of genetic material during harsh conditions

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of gram-negative bacteria gram-positive bacteria acid-fast bacteria mycoplasmas protoplasts

gram-negative bacteria

A prokaryotic cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic aicd and lipteichoic acid is gram-negative gram-positive archaea spheroplast acid fast

gram-positive

Which is mismatched? ribosomes- protein synthesis inclusions- excess cell nutrients and materials plasmids- genes essential for growth and metabolism nucleoid- hereditary material cytoplasm- dense, gelatinous solution

plasmids- genes essential for growth and metabolism

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be material would not be able to cross the cell membrane protein synthesis would stop destruction of the cell's DNA formation of glycogen inclusions loss of capsules

protein synthesis would stop