Microbiology Viral diseases

Human immunodeficiency Virus causes?

AIDS

What are some symptoms of Hepatitis B?

Abdominal discomfort, joint pain, loss of appetite, and fever.

How is the flu transmitted? Symptoms?

Airborne droplets. Chills, fever, muscle aches, and fatigue.

How is Herpes simplex virus 2 transmitted?

All forms of sexual contact.

How is Human Papillomaviruses transmitted?

All forms of sexual contact.

How is ebola transmitted?

By direct contact with blood or other body fluids of an infected person.

Varicella Zoster virus causes?

Chickenpox

What hepatitis B patients have a higher rate of liver disease and liver cancer?

Chronic carriers.

What virus causes Hemorrhagic fever?

Ebola virus

What virus causes unexplained hemorrhaging?

Ebola virus

What occurs to the Herpes simplex virus 2 after initial infection?

Enters a life-long latent state in nerve cells. Can be reactivated, triggered by stress, illness, and hormones.

T/F there is only one type of Human Papillomavirus resulting in 1 type of wart.

False. There are many types resulting in many warts.

What occurs after initial HSV-1 infection?

HSV-1 remains latent in facial nerves.

What occurs with chronic carriers of Hepatitis B?

Have a higher rate of liver disease and liver cancer.

Ebola virus causes?

Hemorrhagic fever.

Hepatitis that affects the liver is caused by whom?

Hepatitis B Virus

What is a symptom of Herpes simplex virus 2?

Herpes lesions appear on genitals or other site of infection, followed by painful vesicles.

What virus can cause skin lesions?

Herpes simplex virus 1

Genital herpes is caused by whom?

Herpes simplex virus 2

What virus causes genital warts/cancer?

Human Papillomaviruses

What virus causes skin warts?

Human Papillomaviruses

What are 2 STD viruses?

Human Papillomaviruses, Herpes simplex virus 2

What virus causes AIDS?

Human immunodeficiency Virus

Who causes the flu?

Influenza virus.

Why are flu vaccines changed each year? What happens to our immune system each year?

Influenza viruses are constantly mutating. does not recognize new mutants(strains), so without vaccination each year we are susceptible to new infection.

How are colds transmitted? Some symptoms?

On airborne droplets. Sneezing, coughing, nasal secretion, congestion......

Poliovirus causes?

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by whom?

Poliovirus.

In latency AIDS becomes a?

Provirus.

What virus causes symptoms of irritability, muscle spasms, and difficulty swallowing.

Rabies

What virus is transmitted through an animal bite?

Rabies virus.

What 2 viruses cause the common cold? Which one causes 50% of all colds? Which one causes 15-20% of all colds?

Rhinovirus (50%) Coronavirus (15-20%)

Viral Gastroenteritis is caused by whom?

Rotavirus

What gastrointestinal virus causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting and is more common in children?

Rotavirus causing viral Gastroenteritis

Reactivation of Herpes simplex virus 2 occurs by what triggers?

Stress, illness, and hormones.

Rhinovirus and Coronavirus cause?

The common cold.

What virus causes chickenpox?

Varicella Zoster virus

How are symptoms of the common cold treated?

Viral infection must run its course, but symptoms are treated with medicine.

What are symptoms of papillomaviruses?

Warts

Warts are _________ skin growths.

benign

How is polio transmitted?

by ingesting food or water contaminated with feces containing the virus.

What can happen to the latent Varicella zoster virus?

can be reactivated.

Other types of Human Papillomaviruses are associated not only with warts but with?

cancer

Hepatitis B is transmitted by?

contact with infected blood and body fluids.

How is aids transmitted?

direct contact with infected body fluids.

How is HSV-1 transmitted?

direct contact(touching kissing), indirect contact (eating utensils, toothbrush)

What will travel faster to the brain, a bite on the ankle, or a bite on the hand?

hand

What are some symptoms of rabies?

irritability, muscle spasms, and difficulty swallowing.

What happens to HIV once it is transmitted and enters the body?

it infects the T cells. It can become latent where it's nucleic acid becomes incorporated into T cell chromosome as a provirus.

After initial chickenpox infection what happens to the virus?

it remains latent within the body.

Herpes simplex virus 1 can cause?

lesions on lips(cold sores), skin, fingers and encephalitis.

What is a symptom of the chickenpox?

small blisters

Polio symptoms

sore throat, fever, and nausea

what happens if polio is persistent?

the virus can enter CNS (1% of cases) leading to destruction of motor cells leading to paralysis.

How are warts transmitted?

through person to person contact.

What are some symptoms of Ebola?

unexplained hemorrhaging, diarrhea, and vomiting

How is polio prevented?

vaccination

When does the highest risk of neonatal herpes occur?

when the mother acquires the initial herpes infection during pregnancy.