Midterm
the city council of Siena commissioned _____ to fresco the city hall with scenes of good and bad government
Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Gaulli had worked in his youth for the artist
Bernini
the city of ______ produced a notable number of accomplished women painters and sculptors
Bologna
the description of Saint _____ informed Grunewald's paintings for the Isenheim Alterpiece
Bridget
which artists first demonstrated the principles of linear perspective?
Brunelleschi
the transformation of the Italo-Byzantine style can be detected in the Virgin and Child Enthroned by
Cimabue
the Flemish artist __________ found favor in France as the royal portrait painter
Clouet
the Spanish painter Domenikos Theotokopoulos, known as El Greco, was originally from
Crete
__________ painted a huge altarpiece for the high altar of Siena Cathedral
Duccio
_____ was a leading figure in the Germain Renaissance
Durer
The use of the sacrificial Lamb of God in the Isenheim Altarpiece recalls the
Ghent Altarpiece
_____ was commissioned to create an elaborate tabernacle to frame the new madonna and child at Orsanmichele
Giotto
which artist was NOT commissioned by Pope Julius II to help him realize his vision of a revitalized Rome as the center of a new Christian architecture?
Leonardo da Vinci
a painting long thought to be the work of Franz Hals was recently discovered to be the work of
Leyste
Lucas Cranach the Elder was the favorite painter of
Luther
Durer openly expressed his _____ in the Four Apostles
Lutheranism
Pope Paul V commissioned __________ to provide Saint Peter's Basilica with a longer nave and a new façade
Maderno
in the early part of the fifteenth century, the Italian painter __________ provided new direction for Florentine painting
Masaccio
the personal style of the painter, _____, merged with the French Gothic style to become the Beautiful style in the later 14th-century
Master Theodoric
Sofonisba Anguissola's father consulted with the artist _____ about his daughter's artistic talents
Michelangelo
the sculptor,________, produced The Four Crowned Martyrs for a niche at Orsanmichele
Nanni di Banco
in 1586, the _____ family commissioned El Greco to paint a large altarpiece honoring a great fourteenth century ancestor
Orgaz
the banqueting house, Whitehall palace demonstrates the influence of _____ classicizing style on Inigo Jones in England
Palladio's
__________ created some smaller, bronze sculptures, designed for interior spaces, for the Medici family
Pollaiuolo
the Capponi Chapel contains Entombment by the artist
Pontormo
the artist __________ proclaimed he wanted to combine Titian's color with the drawing of Michelangelo
Tintoretto
the current attribution of the Pastoral Concert or Allegory on the Invention of Pastoral Poetry is to the artist
Titian
by the end of the sixteenth century, the city of _____ was regarded as the queen of the Adriatic
Venice
_____ was called before the inquisition for placing Jesus in the company of unsavory characters in the painting Feast in the House of Levi
Veronese
in Northern Europe, particularly Germany, devotional images which depict Mary mourning her dead son, Jesus, are known as
Vesperbild
_____ was the first architect of Il Gesu
Vignola
which of the following was NOT an architectural influence on Christopher Wren's design for St. Paul's Cathedral?
Vignola
the _____, surrounded by a court of angels and Siena's patron saints, are the subject of the Maesta's central panel
Virgin and Christ Child
Tilman Riemenschneider had the largest workshop in
Wurzburg
Recent scholarship suggests that Titian's Venus of Urbino was meant to represent
a newly married woman
the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles serves as
a stage-like backdrop for the dramatic spectacle of Louis XIV's court
scholars believe that Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights may be all of the following EXCEPT
a visualization of a satirical poem by Jacob Cats
how did Hyacinthe Rigaud demonstrate the absolute power of Louis XIV in his portrait of the King (Fig. 22-49)?
all of the above
how does Nanni de Banco's The Four Crowned Martyrs (Fig. 19-8) at Osanmichele demonstrate a revival of classical artistic tradition?
all of the above
what characteristic is common to both Bernini and Caravaggio's artwork?
all of the above
what design feature of the church of Il Gesu in Rome developed in response to Catholicism's emphasis on individual, emotional participation during the Counter-Reformation?
all of the above
what detail of Bernini's "St. Teresa of Ávila in Ecstasy" (Fig. 22-1) contributes to its theatrical impact?
all of the above
what element of Giacomo della Porta's design of Il Gesu was widely influential?
all of the above
what image seen in dutch secular art conveys the theme of vanitas
all of the above
which of the following distinguishes Italian artistic interests during the Renaissance in contrast to contemporary artists in northern Europe
an emphasis on more analytical methods of illusionism
what distinguished Venetian painting of the late sixteenth century from works done in other Italian cities?
an interest in color, light, and loose, expressive brushwork
in Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel Ceiling the _____ are depicted in the spandrels
ancestors of Jesus
English artists excelled in which field during the seventeenth century?
architecture
a popular form of Dutch still-life painting, showing a table set for a meal, is called a __________
breakfast piece
how did Riemenschneider's "Altarpiece of the Holy Blood" (Fig. 21-2) differ from earlier German traditions for wooden sculpture?
his use of natural finishes
how does the figure in Lucas Cranach the Elder's Nymph of the Spring compare to idealized nudes in Italian Renaissance paintings
it suggests a distinctly different conception of the figure in Germany
what was the primary reason for the delayed construction of the dome of the Florence Cathedral?
lack of engineering know-how
in the Battle of San Romano, Uccello arranged every detail of the intense fighting to confirm with
linear perspective
_____ represented the economic center of Florence
loggia dei lanzi
Linear perspective creates the illusion of three-dimensional space in painting through all of the following EXCEPT:
making objects in the distance appear grayer and less clear
Masaccio used linear perspective in the Trinity with the Virgin to create the illusion _______________
of a deep barrel vault extending behind the figures of the Trinity
renewed interest in _____ provided the funds necessary to expand the façade of the Cathedral of St. James Santiago de Compostela
pilgrimages
Michelangelo's vestibule of the Laurentian Library in Florence foreshadows Mannerism by
playfully combining architectural forms in a way that calls attention fo themselves
Anthony van Dyck had an illustrious independent career as a
portraitist
Hans Holbein is best known for his
portraits of nobles and diplomats in the Tudor court
Durer's work in what medium led to his fame and fortune?
printmaking
Ghiberti's Gates of Paradise demonstrate the use of linear perspective to render illusionistic space in ____________
relief sculpture
Rembrandt's prints of Three Crosses exist in five
stages
which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Mannerism?
subtle coloration and lighting effects
for most of the 15th century, the ______________________ were the most powerful rulers and art patrons in northern Europe
the Dukes of Burgundy
Velazquez's painting The Surrender at Breda is popularly known as
the Lances
the kings Francis I and Henry II modernized the medieval castle of __________, thus giving rise to the French classical style.
the Louvre
what region of Europe saw the emergence of an art market in the sixteenth century, when art became a commodity for local and international trade
the Netherlands
Raphael's well-known fresco The School of Athens summarizes the ideals envisioned by __________in both its subject matter and harmonious formal arrangement
the Renaissance Popes
the major work of the Limbourg brothers was _____ commissioned for Jean, the Duke of Berry
the Tres Riches Heures (Book of Hours)
what element of Leonardo da Vinci's The Virgin of the Rocks best embodies the principles of art in the High Renaissance?
the balanced pyramidal grouping of figures
how did the church respond to Veronese's Feast in the House of Levi?
the church felt Veronese had treated the subject matter inappropriately
what about Bronzino's Allegory with Venus and Cupid would have probably been most appreciated by patrons of Mannerist art?
the complex iconography and ambiguous meaning
how does Clara Peeter's Still Life with Flowers, Goblet, Dried Fruit, and Pretzels demonstrate its origins in Northern European painting of the Renaissance
the detailed representation of textures, color, and light
What detail in Ghirlandaio's Nativity and Adoration of the Shepherds (Fig. 19-33) does NOT derive from his careful observation of the Portinari Altarpiece (Fig. 18-16) by Hugo van der Goes
the explicit references to Classical Rome
how does Giambologna's small sculpture of "Astronomy, or Venus Urania" (Fig. 20-33) reflect characteristics of Mannerist sculpture?
the extreme twisted pose of the figure
what characteristic of Tintoretto's painting style was criticized by his contemporaries
the spontaneity of his slashing brushwork
how did the development of an art market impact artists in Antwerp?
they began to specialize in specific genres
how do the paintings of the LeNain brothers in France differ from genre scenes by Dutch painters?
they focus on the simple life of peasants
an altarpiece which has a winged, movable panel attached to both sides of the central section is known as a _____, resulting in a total of three panels
triptych
still-life paintings with a moralizing _____ theme were very popular in the seventeenth century
vanitas
Durer's The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse is a(n)
woodcut