(Midterm) Chapter 4 - Software Requirements Elicitation

Requirements Elicitation

Poorly identified requirements significantly increase the development costs. An importance of __________.

Cripples

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: No other part of the work so __________ the resulting system if done wrong.

Resulting System

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: No other part of the work so cripples the __________ if done wrong.

Wicked

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: Software development in general is a __________ problem.

Underestimated

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: The importance and challenges of requirements elicitation are often __________.

Communication

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: __________ barrier between the team and the customer and users.

User Story

A __________ is a short descriptions of features our customers would like to see in their software.

User Story

A few short words or a full story with contexts. A __________ template.

Specification & Requirement Doc

Always out-of-date. Based on little or no learning. Disable real-time feedback. Promote false sense of accuracy. Discourage open collaboration and innovation. These are properties of a __________.

Verification

Are we building the product right? Are we building the product in the right way? It concerns the product building process.

Validation

Are we building the right product? Are we building the product that the customer wants? It concerns the correctness of the product being built.

User Story

Based on latest learnings. Enable real-time feedback. Avoid false sense of accuracy. Allow for team-based collaboration. These are properties of a __________.

Information Collection

Business Forms / Operating Procedures / Regulations & Standards Example of __________ Technique

Requirements Elicitation Activities

Checking the requirements and models for desired properties such as correctness, completeness, and consistency. Specifying acceptance tests. Formulating an iterative development plan.

Requirements Elicitation 1

Collecting information about the application. __________ Step: #_____/5

Requirements Elicitation 4

Conducting feasibility study. __________ Step: #_____/5

Analysis

Construct __________ models to aid understanding of the application requirements and constraints.

Requirements Elicitation 2

Constructing analysis models, if desired. __________ Step: #_____/5

Information Collection

Customer Presentation Example of __________ Technique

Requirements Elicitation 3

Deriving requirements & constraints. __________ Step: #_____/5

Specification & Requirement Doc

Heavy, inaccurate, out-of-date. Encourage guesswork (false assumptions). Complex planning Expensive, slow, hard to create. These are properties of a __________.

Requirements Elicitation Activities

Identifying problems and needs. Constructing analysis models to help understanding. Formulating system/software requirements. Conducting feasibility study.

Sequence

__________ Diagram A directed graph in which the vertexes represent objects and the directed edges represent time-ordered messages or requests between the objects.

State

__________ Diagram A directed graph in which the vertexes represent system states and the directed edge represent state transitions caused by internal or external events.

Use Case

__________ Diagram A graph in which the vertexes represent abstractions of business processes and actors while the edges specify which actors interact with which business processes.

Feasibility Study

__________ aims at determining if the project is doable under the given constraints.

Requirements

__________ are capabilities (stated as part of a contract) that the system must deliver.

Requirements

__________ are documented in a requirements specification, which serves as part of the contract.

Expert Review

__________ conducted with domain experts.

Planning Phase

It requires the team to work closely with the customer and users... ...to help them identify the needs for their business. ...to help them determine the real requirements for the future system. ...to help them prioritize the requirements.

Requirements Elicitation

37% of all software development problems are related to requirements. An importance of __________.

Rectify

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: No other part is more difficult to __________ later.

Conceptual Work

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: No other part of the __________ is as difficult as establishing that detailed technical requirements.

Technical Requirements

A Challenge of Requirements Elicitation: No other part of the conceptual work is as difficult as establishing that detailed __________.

User Story

Lean, accurate, just-in-time. Encourage face-to-face communication. Simplified planning. Cheap, fast, easy to create. Never out-of-date. These are properties of a __________.

Identified

Nonfunctional requirements are not __________ are or understated.

Understated

Nonfunctional requirements are not identified or are __________.

Feasibility Study

Not all projects are practically doable with technology, time, and resource constraints.

Elicitation

Requirements __________ is the process to identify and formulate the capabilities for the software system.

Capabilities

Requirements are __________ (stated as part of a contract) that the system must deliver.

Documented

Requirements are __________ in a requirements specification, which serves as part of the contract.

Lifecycle

Requirements change throughout the software __________.

Identify

Requirements elicitation is the process to __________ and formulate the capabilities for the software system.

Formulate

Requirements elicitation is the process to identify and __________ the capabilities for the software system.

Capabilities

Requirements elicitation is the process to identify and formulate the __________ for the software system.

Software System

Requirements elicitation is the process to identify and formulate the capabilities for the __________.

Planning Phase Activities

Requirements elicitation. Deriving use cases from the requirements. Producing an iterative development plan.

Requirements Elicitation 5

Reviewing the requirements specification. __________ Step: #_____/5

Requirements Elicitation

Software __________ is aimed to identify the real requirements for the system.

Information Collection

Stakeholder Survey Example of __________ Technique

What to Build

The hardest single part of building a software system is deciding precisely __________—i.e., the requirements. (Frederick P. Brooks, Jr.)

Requirements Elicitation

The requirements specification is part of the contract, which bears legal consequences. Numerous lawsuits are related to systems not satisfying the requirements and constraints. An importance of __________.

Functional

The system must allow a potential customer to inquire information and availability of rental cars using various combinations of search criteria including make, model, from date, to date, price range, and class (small size, medium size, large size, and luxury cars). Example of __________ Requirement

Non-Functional Workload

The system must be capable of handling a typical workload of 10,000 (ten thousand) inquiries at the same time. Example of __________ Requirement

Non-Functional Security

The system must protect the contents of the website from malicious attacks and protect the privacy of its users. Example of __________ Requirement

Quality

The system must provide a user friendly interface that conforms to commonly used web-application user interface look-and-feel and man-machine interaction conventions. Example of __________ Requirement

Functional

The system must provide interactive as well as batch-processing means for an OIE (Office of International Education) staff to enter the exchange programs into the database. Example of __________ Requirement

Non-Functional Platform Independence

The system must run on Windows 7 and later, Unix, Linux, Mac and support popular relational database management systems including Oracle, SQL Server, Access, and MySQL. Example of __________ Requirement

Interface

The system must support the following user interfaces: web-based, stand-alone, voice, cellular phone, tablet. Example of __________ Requirement

Non-Functional Response Time

The system's response time must not exceed 3 (three) seconds under the typical workload. Example of __________ Requirement

Information Collection

User Interviewing Example of __________ Technique

Invest

User Stories (Bill Wake) Acronym

Estimable

What does 'E' stand for in INVEST.

Independent

What does 'I' stand for in INVEST.

Negotiable

What does 'N' stand for in INVEST.

Small

What does 'S' stand for in INVEST.

Testable

What does 'T' stand for in INVEST.

Valuable

What does 'V' stand for in INVEST.

Requirements Elicitation

What does RE stand for?

Information Collection

Writing User Stories Example of __________ Technique

Class

__________ Diagram A directed graph in which the vertexes represent classes and the directed edges represent different types of relationship between the classes. The vertexes also contain information that describes the properties of the classes.

Activity

__________ Diagram A directed graph in which the vertexes represent information-processing activities, the directed edges represent data flows and control flows among the activities. The control flows specify that the activities are performed sequentially, concurrently, and/or synchronously.

Feasibility Study

__________ in Requirements Elicitation is concerned with ... ... the feasibility of the functional,performance, nonfunctional, and quality constraints. ... adequacy of the technology. ... timing and cost constraints. ... constraints imposed by the customer, industry and government agencies.

Technical Review

__________ is an internal review performed by the development team.

Requirements Elicitation

__________ is the process to identify and formulate the capabilities for the software system.

Customer Review

__________ performed with the customer and users.

Nonfunctional

__________ requirements are not identified or are understated.

Functional

__________ requirements are statements of information processing capabilities that the software system must possess.

Nonfunctional

__________ requirements include: Performance, Quality, Safety, Security, Interface, and Platform.